Objective To explore the effect of bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG)intervention on expression of costimulatory molecules of B7-CD28/CD152 and T lymphocyte apoptosis in asthmatic mouse.Methods Twenty-seven mice were randomly divided into:asthma model group,BCG treatment group and normal control group.The mice were sensitized by ovalbumin(OVA) and 100 g/L Al(OH)3 with intraperitoneal injection,challenged with atomization inhalation,then reproduced the asthmatic models.The BCG treatment group were treated with BCG(0.025 mg,merely) subcutaneous injection 3 times before sensitization(5,3,1 day).The normal control group were treated with 9 g/L saline water taking place of OVA and Al(OH)3.CD28,CD152,CD80 and CD86 were analyzed by flow cytometry in splenic lymphocyte suspension.T lymphocyte was cultivated from peripheral blood mononuclear cell.The apoptosis ratio of T lymphocyte was counted by Comet Assay.SPSS 10.0 software was applied to analyze data.Results Contrasting asthma model group with normal control group,CD28 was up regulated(t=3.94 P0.05),CD86 was up regulated(t=2.68 P0.05).Contrasting BCG treatment group with asthma model group,T lymphocyte apoptosis rate was higher(t=3.15 P

ObjectiveTo study neural protective effect of combined medication with nimodipine and mannitol on injury of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion for screening the better medication method in acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. MethodsA model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was performed by clipping bilateral common carotid artery of rats with vago- and releasing them 3 hours later. 40 Wistar female rats within 1 month were divided into 5 groups randomly with 8 rats each: model group (no use of medicine), nimodipine group(0.2mg/kg), mannitol group(0.5g/kg), nimodipine and mannitol group, sham-operated group (no use of medicine and no clipping process). The changes of SOD and MDA in brain tissue were measured 24 hours after cerebral ischmic reperfusion in all groups. At the same time pathologic study was performed to compare the different groups.ResultsThere were significant differences between nimodipine and mannitol group and other groups in changes of SOD, MDA and pathological changes(P<0.01). Conclusions Combined medication with nimodipine and mannitol is the better way to protect brain tissue from acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion than other way in present experiment, by synergistic action.

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of electrical stimulation on nervous cells.MethodsOn 5th day the brain primitive nervous cells of rat brain, in vitro culturing, were divided into 4 groups, in order of control group, electrical pole control group, low stimulation group, and high stimulation group. The cells were stimulated with electro-acupuncture apparatus for 7 days, 30 minutes once, twice a day. On 10th day, the cells were observed microscopically for 3 days and taken photos.ResultsElectrical stimulation is helpful to raise the survival rate of cell.Conclusions Electrical stimulation influences morphological change of nervous cells during culturing.

ObjectiveTo study the effects of early rehabilitation on symptom, range of motion (ROM) and motor function of upper extremity of patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke.Methods47 patients were divided into two groups,early rehabilitation group and non-early rehabilitation group.Two groups were treated with comprehensive rehabilitation. The passive ROM, the pain and motor function of affected limb was assessed by Fugl-Meyer Assessment.The evalution was done in pre-treatment and post-treatment respectively. Results1.The passive ROM decreased and the pain of affected limb of the early rehabilitation group were less than the non-early rehabilitation gronp when the shoulder-hand syndrome occour.2.After comprehensive rehabilitation treatment,their clinical symptom ROM and motor function of upper extremity impoved significantly in patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke( P<0.05).The early rehabilitation treatment has better effects. Conclusions The early rehabilitation treatment could decrease the degree of their passive ROM decrease and the pain of affected limb in patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke,and the patients who accepted earlyrehabilitation seemed easly to improve by comprehensive treatment.

[ Objective ] To investigate the effect of Huatan Quyu Tablets in treating carotid atherosclerosis ( CA). [Methods] Color Doppler ultrasonographic technique was used to detect the mid-intima thickness (MIT) and carotid resistance (CR) in 40 cases of CA before and after treatment with Huatan Quyu Tablets . [Results] MIT and CR were both decreased after treatment (P

OBJECTIVETo detect the clinical value of the ECT bone scan in evaluating of the situation of infection control after hip knee arthroplasty.

METHODSThe clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 62 patients, including 34 males and 28 females with an average age of 68.8 years old ranging from 65 to 74 years. The results of ECT bone scan, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein were used to assess periprosthetic infection. The patients with positive ECT and ESR on CRP were considered to have periprosthetic infection; however, the patients with two or more negative, indexes were considered to have no infection.

RESULTSThe sensitivity, specificity, accurate rate of ECT were 75.0%, 88.9%, 87.1% respectively; ESR 50.0%, 72.2%, 69.4%; CRP 62.5%, 81.4%, 79.0%. The combination of the three methods were 87.5%, 96.3% and 95.2%,

CONCLUSIONCompared with ESR and CRP, ECT is a more effective way in the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection, which has great value and is worth popularizing.

Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; adverse effects ; Blood Sedimentation ; Bone and Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prosthesis-Related Infections ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Emission-Computed ; methods

Objective To investigate effect of lipid emulsion on cardiac arrest induced by bupivacain intoxication.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly devided into 2 groups.Group A applied epinephrine (n=20);Group L applied lipid emulsion combinding epinephring(n=20).The rats were administered Lupivacaine 20 mg/kg.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) was started. Epinephrine 10 μg/kg were repeated three times followed by epinephrine 10 μg/kg every 5 minutes.Normal saline 5 ml/kg and 1 ml·kg-1·min-1 were administered in group A.20% Lipid emulsion 5 ml/kg and 0.25 ml·kg-1·min-1 were administered in group L.Heart rate,blood pressure, temperature were monitored.Blood gas analysiswere checked at 5 min,30 min after restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC).To record the number of successful CPR,time of ROSC and epinephrine dose.Results 11 rats(55%) and 16 rats(80%) were successful resuscitated.The success rate was higher in group L than in group A.Epinephrine dose was higher in group A than in group L.There was no difference in heart rate between the two groups.Systolic blood pressure and PaO2 was higher in group L than in group A(P<0.05).Conclusion There was better effect in lipid emulsion combined epinephrine than soly epinephrine when applied in cardiac arrest induced by bupivacaine intoxication.

This article introduces an overview of management system for conflict of interest of the European Pharmacopoeia Commission (EPC) and the United States Pharmacopoeia Convention (USP). The EPC and USP have standardized the management system for conflict of interest in drug standard work in multiple management documents, such as the Guide for the Work, Code of Practice for the Work, Form for Declaration of Interests and Confidentiality Undertaking of the EPC, bylaws, Rules and Procedures of the Council of Experts, Code of Ethics, Standards of Conduct of the USP, in order to ensure the transparency and fairness of drug standard development, improve the credibility and rigor of drug standards. This article introduces the management system for conflict of interest of the EPC and USP, providing reference for the improvement of relevant management systems of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission.

Melatonin has been reported to inhibit hepatic fibrosis and the mechanism may be correlated to its anti-oxidant effect.Nevertheless,the mechanism is not completely identified.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin on TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in liver fibrosis in rats.The liver fibrosis model was made by the subcutaneous injection of CCl4.The liver pathology changes were detected using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Van Gieson (VG) staining.Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were measured with an autoanalyzer.Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in liver were evaluated by spectrophotometry.Expression levels of TGF-β1,Smad2/3,phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3) and Smad7 in liver were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.Results showed that melatonin suppressed CC14-induced liver fibrosis,along with an improvement in histological changes,significant decreases in pathologic grading sores and obvious decreases in Hyp levels in liver.Melatonin improved liver function indicated by decreased serum ALT and AST activities.In addition,melatonin exerted its anti-oxidant effects,as supported by decreased MDA levels and increased GPx activities in liver.Furthermore,melatonin inhibited TGF-β1/Smad pathway,as evidenced by decreased TGF-β1,Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 expression and increased Smad7 expression in liver.In conclusion,melatonin may suppress CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats via inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad pathway.It is possible for melatonin to be a potential reagent to treat and cure liver fibrosis.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of the combination of ~(99m)Tc-methnetium methylene diphosphunate and colloidal chromic,phosphate ~(32)p with the monotherapies in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA).Methods In this study,50 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups with 10 rats in each:normal control group(arthritis induced and treated with the same volume of normal saline via the same administration route),AA control group(arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with normal sa- line),~(32)p colloid group(arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with single intra-articular injection of col- luidal chromic phosphate ~(32)p 0.74 MBq and intra-peritoneal injection of normal saline every other clay),~(99m)Tc- MDP group(arthritis induced with adjuvant and treated with intra-peritoneal injection of ~(99m)Tc-MDP 2.5?10~(-3)?g/kg every other day and single intra-articular injection of normal saline),combination group(arthritis in- duced with adjuvant and treated with the combination of the two drugs).The diameter of the left hind ankle, serum levels of turnout necrosis factor(TNF)and interleukin-1?(IL-1?),and the pathological changes of an- kle joints were tested at different time points.Results The diameter of the left hind ankle at week 4 was smaller in the combination group than that of the ~(32)p colloid treatment alone group [(7.11?0.34)mm vs(7.57?0.29)mm,P