For all the time the book Symptomatic Figures of Lip and Tongue(Chunshe Zhenghou Tu)was described as written by Li Jun of Qing dynasty. We made studies on historical records on Li Jun and the features and contents of this book, and proved that Symptomatic Figures of Lip and Tongue was not written by him, but a Chinese medical book written by Japanese.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of modified Zhizhu pill (ZZP) in treating gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to explore its mechanism.

METHODSSixty-three GERD patients were randomly divided into the treated group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 33). The treated group was treated with ZZP 100 ml, twice daily by orally taking half an hour before meal. The control group was treated with Ranitidine 0.15 g, twice daily and Cisapride 10 mg, three times a day by orally taking before meal. The therapeutic course for both groups was 8 weeks. The changes of symptom scoring, endoscopic examination, esophageal pressure, 24 hrs monitoring on pH and blood level of motilin in the two groups were recorded and compared.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the symptom scoring, esophageal pressure, 24 hrs monitoring on pH and blood motilin level were improved in both groups (P < 0.05), and the improvement in the treated group was more significant than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONZZP has good effect in treating GERD.

Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Esophagitis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Esophagus ; physiopathology ; Female ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Manometry ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Motilin ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Ranitidine ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of male infertility.

METHODSBased on the principles and methods of Cochrane systematic reviews, we searched CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from inception to December 2012 for randomized controlled clinical trials addressing the treatment of male infertility with kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and retrieval strategies, we extracted the data, evaluated the quality of the included literature, and conducted meta-analysis using the RevMan 5. 2 software.

RESULTSTwenty trials involving 2,272 patients were included, and the sample size of each study was from 60 to 270 cases. All the studies were graded as of poor quality, with Jadad scores of no more than 3 points. The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effectiveness rate of traditional Chinese medicine versus Western medicine on male infertility was RR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.19-2.47, and that of Chinese-Western combined therapy versus Western medicine was RR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.30. Both traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese-Western combined therapy showed a significantly better total effectiveness than Western medicine alone in improving the pregnancy rate without serious adverse reactions.

CONCLUSIONDue to the poor methodological quality and high heterogeneity of the included studies, the evidence for the efficacy and safety of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese drugs in the treatment of male infertility is of but limited value, and further validation is needed by more high-quality studies.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; Kidney ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pregnancy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Objective To investigate the expression of ki-67 and the development of the intimal hyperplasia(IH) of the irradiated human umbilical artery incorperated with nofloxacin and silver(IHUAINS) grafts into the carotid arteries of the rabbit. Methods Twenty IHUAINSs were sterilely produced. Thirty rabbit were performed bilateral carotid bypass grafting. The IHUAINS(experimental group)and the left carotid arteries (control group) were implanted in the left and right carotid arteries respectively. Graft patency was checked at the 2nd and 6th week after implantation, and the grafts were studied with standard histological techniques and immunohistochemieal method for meas-urement of intimal thickness and the expression of ki-67. Results The total patency rate of the grafts was 89.6%. Light microscopic exami-nation of the grafts revealed intimal and media proliferation, cellular in-filtration. The endothelial cells covered the vascular lumen. There was no significant difference of the intimal thickness between two groups at the 2nd week after grafting (P>0.05). The intimal thickness of the experimental group was larger than that in control group at the 6th week after implantation without statistical significance (P>0.05). At the same time, immunocytochemical analysis showed that the expression of ki-67 in the experimental group was stronger than that in control group without statistical significance(P>0.05). Conclusion The IH of the IHUAINS was larger than that of the autologous artery, but there is no difference between these two groups. Thus, IHUAINS may be an ideal graft in the field of coronary surgery.

Objective To report a case of foot hyalohyphomycosis due to Fusarium subglutinans. Methods Medical history was collected and physical examination performed for this patient.Biopsy samples were obtained from the inner side of right ankle of this patient and subjected to pathological examination. Discharge was collected from the lesions for direct microscopic examination and culture.Results A 72-year-old woman presented with an ulcer on the right foot for 3 years.Physical examination disclosed an ulcer,measuring 3 cm x 1.5 cm,with a moist surface and obvious tenderness,at the inner side of the right ankle.Proliferation of dusky-red granulomatous tissue was observed at the base of the ulcer.Pathological examination revealed necrotic granulomatous tissue and slender,septate and hyaline hypha-like structure in the superficial dermis with scattered infiltration of inflammatory cells.PAS staining showed sausage-like hypha and scattered orbicular-ovate spores.Microscopic examination of lesional discharge exhibited septate, branching and hyaline hypha.The isolated fungus was identified as Fusarium subglutinans by culture,and appeared to be highly sensitive to terbinafine,nystatin and amphotericin B.The lesion completely healed after 2 months of treatment with oral terbinafine (0.25 g,twice a day).Conclusions This is a case of foot hyalohyphomycosis due to Fusarium subglutinans,and terbinafine is effective for this condition.

Objective To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes after induction,elective cesarean section and spontaneous onset of labor in uncomplicated term nulliparous women.Methods A total of 3751 uncomplicated term nullipara who delivered in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Sept 2002 to April 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into three groups:the induction group, the elective cesarean section group,and the spontaneous onset of labor group.Their general conditions (such as age,weeks of pregnancy,hospital days and cost),postpartum complications(such as postpartum hemorrhage,puerperal morbidity,urinary retention,blood transfusion,delayed healing,and trauma),and Apgar score were compared by statistic methods.Results(1)Among 3751 women,501(13.3%)of them underwent induction(the induction group),1634(43.6%)delivered by cesarean section(cesarean section group),the other 1616(43.1%)women underwent spontaneous onset of labor(the spontaneous onset of labor group).(2)Results of general conditions:the spontaneous onset of labor group had the shortest hospital days,which was longer in the induction group,and the longest in the selective cesarean section group(P

OBJECTIVEPrevious studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays key roles in a number of biological processes, including vasorelaxation, inflammation, apoptosis, ischemia/reperfusion and oxidative stress, which are involved in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. This study aimed to examine the expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE)/H2S pathway in mice with viral myocarditis.

METHODSSix-week-old inbred male mice were randomly assigned to control (n=25) and myocarditis group (n=30). The myocarditis and the control groups were inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL 10-5.69TCID50/mL CVB3 or vehicle (PBS) alone respectively. Ten mice were sacrificed 4 and 10 days after injection. Blood and heart specimens were harvested for measuring the content of serum H2S and the H2S production rates in cardiac tissues. Heart sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemisty was used to detect the CSE protein expression in the heart.

RESULTSIn the myocarditis group, the serum H2S content and H2S production rates in cardiac tissues were significantly higher than those in the control group 4 and 10 days after injection (P<0.05). The expression of CSE protein in the heart in the myocarditis group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCSE and its downstream production H2S increase in mice with acute viral myocarditis. The increased expression of CSE/H2S pathway might be involved in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis.

Animals ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; etiology ; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase ; analysis ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; metabolism ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; etiology

Objective To establish and optimize a sensitive and specific quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method for detection of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA(HBV cccDNA)in liver tissue. Methods Specific primers and probes were designed to detect HBV DNA(tDNA)and cccDNA. A series of plasmids(3.44 × 100-3.44 × 109 copies/μl)containing a full double-stranded copies of HBV genome(genotype C)were used to establish the standard curve of real-time PCR. Liver samples of 33 patients with HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), 13 Chronic hepatitis B patients(CHB)and 10 non-HBV patients were collected to verify the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. A fraction of extracted DNA was digested with a Plasmid-Safe ATP-dependent Dnase(PSAD)for HBV cccDNA detection and the remaining was used for tDNA and β-globin detection. The amount(copies/cell)of HBV cccDNA and tDNA were measured by a real-time PCR, using β-globin housekeeping gene as a quantitation standard. Results The standard curves of real-time PCR with a linear range of 3.44 × 100 to 3.44 × 109 copies/μl were established for detecting HBV cccDNA and tDNA, and both of the lowest detection limits of HBV cccDNA and tDNA were 3.44 × 100 copies/μl. The lowest quantitation levels of HBV cccDNA in liver tissues tested in 33 HBV related HCC patients and 13 CHB patients were 0.003 copies/cell and 0.031copies/cell, respectively. HBV cccDNA and tDNA in liver tissue of 10 non-HBV patient appeared to be negative. The true positive rate was increasing through the digestion of HBV DNA by PSAD, and the analytic specificity of cccDNA detection improved by 7.24 × 102 times. Liver tissues of 2 patients were retested 5 times in the PCR for detecting cccDNA and the coefficience of variations on cycle threshold (Ct)were between 0.224%-0.609%. Conclusion A highly sensitive and specific quantitative real time PCR method for the detection of HBV cccDNA in liver tissue was established and could be used for clinical and epidemiological studies.

OBJECTIVETo report a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with variant t(5;17)(q35;q21) and to explore its laboratory and clinical features.

METHODSConventional cytogenetics (CC) was used for karyotyping. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) were also performed to identify the chromosomal aberrations.

RESULTSThe karyotype of the patient was 47, XY, t(5;17), +22. FISH analysis showed PML-RAR aleph negative but 77% cells had a rearrangement or duplication of the RAR aleph gene. BCR-ABL was negative but 74% cells had abnormality of chromosome 22. M-FISH confirmed the abnormalities are of chromosomes 5 and 17 rearrangement and trisomy 22.

CONCLUSIONVariant t(5;17) giving rise to the fusion gene of NPM-RAR aleph rarely occurs in APL patients. No Auer rods were identified by morphological study. It usually contains some extra chromosomal aberrations. It is sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid but has a high risk of relapse. If it goes with diffuse intravascular coagulation or high count of WBC, it usually indicates a poor prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic ; Trisomy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical significance of the application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in detecting chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

METHODSChromosome preparation was made by using 24-hour culture. FISH technique using dual color dual fusion (DC-DF) BCR/ABL probe was performed in all 158 cases and R-banding was also employed for karyotyping in some patients.

RESULTSAmong the 158 cases, 98 cases were Ph positive, of which 69 cases (70.4%) were typical FISH pattern (1R1G2F), the other 29 cases (29.6%) showed 12 different types of atypical FISH pattern. The most frequent atypical patterns found were 1R1G1F in 7 cases (7.1%), 2R1G1F in 5 cases (5.1%), 1R1G2F and 1R1G3F in 4 cases (4.1%), 2R2G1F in 3 cases (3.1%). Karyotype analysis on 18 CML cases with atypical FISH patterns demonstrated that the atypical FISH patterns were due to variant translocation in 3 cases; the additional third signal was because of a supernumerary Ph chromosome. The karyotyping results did not conform to FISH results in four cases suggesting the conceivable mistakes in karyotyping. The 1R1G1F signal pattern seen in 3 cases with classical t(9;22) resulted from the deletion of derivative chromosome 9. The 1R1G2F signal pattern detected in 40% to 64% of interphase cells of 3 cases without Ph chromosome by conventional cytogenetic analysis suggested a submicroscopic translocation. Three cases treated with Glivec or bone marrow transplantation showed normal karyotypes with a small amount of BCR/ABL positive cells by FISH detection.

CONCLUSIONFISH technique is of great value for the diagnosis of CML and confirmation of variant translocation, occult Ph translocation, derivative chromosome 9 deletion, therapeutic effect of interferon and Glivec as well as detection of minimal residual disease after bone marrow transplantation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Translocation, Genetic ; Young Adult