Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Risk Assessment

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound-diffuse optical tomography(US-DOT) in evaluation of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in patients with breast cancer.Methods Fifty women with breast cancer confirmed by biopsy-pathology scheduled to undergo NCT were enrolled.US-DOT was performed and the total hemoglobin concentration(HbT) prior to and at the end of NCT.According to the response to treatment in solid tumors,patients were divided into complete response(CR) group,partial response (PR) group,stable disease (SD) group and progressive disease (PD) group.The analysis of variance compared the differences of HbT before and after NCT in each group; Pearson correlation analyzed the relationship between the relative HbT variation and the tumor size changes;Mixedeffects model analyzed the relationship between HbT and tumor size.Results After NCT,CR group had 8 cases,PR group 30 cases,SD group 12 cases and no PD cases.Before and after NCT,the mean relative variations of HbT before and after NCT were-0.525 ± 0.222,-0.328 ± 0.180 and-0.173 ± 0.167 in CR,PR and SD groups,respectively.The differences of HbT before and after NCT were statistically significant in each group (P ＜0.05).There was significant difference among tumor diameter and HbT in CR group and PR group (P ＜0.001);while in the SD group,there was no difference among tumor diameter and HbT (P ＞ 0.05).The change of HbT after NCT showed positive correlation with the change in tumor size (r =0.6).Mixed-effects model also showed that HbT change was associated with tumor size.Conclusions USDOT marker HbT is closely related to tumor size of breast cancer before and after NCT and may be applied to evaluate the response of breast cancer to NCT.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).

METHODSFrom January 2007 to February 2010, the data of 40 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture underwent treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Of them,20 patients were treated with PVP (PVP group), there were 8 males and 12 females with an average age of (66.37 +/- 2.34) years old (54 to 81); 20 patients were treated with PKP (PKP group), there were 11 males and 9 females with an average of (65.12 +/- 3.21) years old (56 to 79). Postoperative at 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year, pain and daily life function were respectively assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Barthel index (BI); and anterior height of responsibility vertebra, Cobb angle were measured by X-rays.

RESULTSIn PVP group, 1 case complicated with bone cement leakage without clinical symptoms and no operation to treat. No postoperative infection and deep vein thrombosis were found between two groups. All patients were followed up more than 1 year, pain and daily life function has obviously improved than preoperative (P < 0.01); and there was no significant difference on 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year after operation (P > 0.05); there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). In PVP group, there was no significant difference in anterior height of responsibility vertebra, Cobb angle before and after operation;and in PKP group, postoperative data has obviously improved than preoperative (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference postoperative at 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year (P > 0.05); there was no significant difference between two groups at 1 week, 12 weeks, 1 year after operation.

CONCLUSIONBoth the methods can obviously relieve pain and completely or partly recover daily life function in treating OVCF. But PKP has advantages of recovery of anterior height of responsibility vertebra and correction of Cobb angle, especially for serious compression.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Radiography ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Spine ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Aspergillus oryzae is an important microorganism,which was widely used in the fields of food,brewing,pharmacy and fermentation industry etc and was termed as a generally regarded as safe(GRAS) organism by the United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA).The strategies for promoting the expression of homologous and heterologous proteins in Aspergillus oryzae were reviewed.Which included the usage of strong promoters,multicopies of coding genes,optimization of culture medium and overexpression of the hemoglobin domains(HBD) etc.Heterologous proteins were usually exhibited low expression in Aspergillus oryzae due to the degradation by the proteinases from host.Therefore,development of proteinase auxotrophic stains of Aspergillus oryzae as host is neccessary.In addition,fusion of the heterologous protein with a highly secreted protein of Aspergillus oryzae was an alternative way to prompt the expression of heterologous protein in Aspergillus oryzae.

ObjectiveTo detect the levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2) mRNA in gunshot fracture healing of the rabbits.MethodsA model of primary treating gunshot fracture of the rabbit with external fixator and the real time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(FQ-RT-PCR) technology with SYBR Green I were established.The levels of BMP-2 mRNA 1,2,3 and 4 weeks after operation were detected with FQ-RT-PCR respectively.ResultsIn the control group,BMP-2 mRNA of the bone tissue began to rise at the first week after fracture and the peak of mRNA expression appeared at the second week.The expression returned to normal at the forth week.In the experimental group,the BMP-2 mRNA rose more slowly that it arrived peak stage at the third week and was significantly lower in experimental group than that in control group at the same phases.ConclusionReal time FQ-RT-PCR is a good method for measuring the levels of BMP-2 mRNA during gunshot fracture healing.The mRNA expression rose more slowly and was significantly lower in gunshot fracture than in common fracture at the same phases.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism with blood samples by liquid-based cytology technique and to study the validity of method. METHODS: The blood samples were collected from patients who suffered from amniotic fluid embolism. The components of amniotic fluid in blood samples were examined with blood smear by two direct smear methods (supernatant smear, sediment smear) and two liquid-based cytology methods (automatic smear, manual smear). The positive detection rate of each method was calculated. RESULTS: The positive detection rates of two liquid-based cytology methods (84.6% and 92.3%, respectively) were much higher than those of two direct methods (53.8% and 61.5%, respectively). CONCLUSION The liquid-based cytology technique could improve the positive detection rate of amniotic fluid embolism.
Amniotic Fluid ; Cytological Techniques/methods* ; Embolism, Amniotic Fluid/diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy

AIMTo study the anti-tumor bioactive steroid saponins of Paris vietnamensis (Takht.).

METHODSThe constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography and their structures were identified by spectral analysis and physicochemical properties. The cytotoxic bioactivities of the constituents were determined by MTT.

RESULTSEleven compounds were obtained and identified as 3beta, 5alpha,6alpha-trihydroxy-7(8)-en-isospirostanol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), which was named as parisvietnaside A, 25 (R) diosgenin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), 25(R) diosgenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), 25 (R) diosgenin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl (1-->4) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 25 (R) diosgenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), 25 (R) diosgenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), 25 (R) pennogenin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), 25 (R) pennogenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), 25 (R) pennogenin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl (1-->4) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9), 25 (R) pennogenin-3-O-beta-D-glycopyranosyl (1-->3) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10) and 25 (R) pennogenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4) [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (11). Some constituents had cytotoxic bioactivities.

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 is a new spirostanol saponin, and compounds 2, 3, 6-11 were obtained from Paris vietnamensis (Takht.) for the first time. Compounds 3, 4, 6, 8 had cytotoxic bioactivities against tumor cells HepG2 and SGC-7901.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

To obtain a primary overview of gene diversity and expression pattern in Lycoris longituba, 4,992 ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) from L. longituba bud were sequenced and 4,687 cleaned ESTs were used for gene expression analysis. Clustered by the PHRAP program, 967 contigs and 1,343 singlets were obtained. Blast search showed that 179 contigs and 227 singlets (totally 1,066 ESTs) had homologues in GenBank and 3,621 ESTs were novel.
Base Composition ; Computational Biology ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Flowering Tops ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genetic Variation ; Lycoris ; genetics

This research is to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprints of Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba and their activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. HPLC fingerprints of each extract of Moutan Cortex,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were established by an optimized HPLC-MS method. The activities of all samples against protein and tumor necrosis a factor were tested by the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. The possible relationship between HPLC-MS fingerprints and the activitieswere deduced by the Partial least squares regression analysis method. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS to identify the major peaks. The results showed that each sample had some effect on acute lung injury. Four components with a lager contribution rate of efficacy were calculated by the research of spectrum-effect relationship. Moutan Cortex exhibited good activity on acute lung injury, and gallic acid, paeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin and paeonol were the main effective components.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gallic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To study the clinical application anatomy of interventricular foramen and offer a base for operation.Methods Interventricular foramens were observed in 15 adult cadaveric brainThirty- two patients of obstructive hydrocephalus were operated to observe the structure of interventricular foramen un- der neuroendoscope.Results Interventricular foramen was a poriform structure which consists of fornixan- terior pole of thalamencephalon and choroid plexus and was a oval shape in most of themThe plane of the fo- ramen was a included angle with the median sagittal planeThe septal veinthalamostriate veinthalamen- cephal and even the floor of third ventricle could be observed clearly in endoscope.At the same timewe found the foramen had a significant change in obstructive hydrocephalus.Conclusion The interventricular foramen has a simple relatively structure but a variation on size and shape especially in obstructive hydroceph- alusA clearly comprehension of it's structure and adjacent is a base to microsurgery and endoscopic surgery on the foramen.