Objective To understand the status of hand hygiene(HH) among patients hospitalized in departments of infectious diseases and their families in Yantai City, and provide reference for HH intervention.Methods Patients and their families(n=221) in departments of infectious diseases of secondary and above levels of hospitals as well as infectious diseases hospitals in Yantai in July-August 2015 were selected for questionnaire survey, education and implementation status of HH were investigated;hand bacteriological sampling was performed on some patients and their families (n=62) to investigate effect of hand-washing.Results 61.99% of patients and their families had received verbal HH education, only 18.55% indicated to have seen health care workers(HCWs) to perform the six step hand-washing method;50.68% of the respondents didn't understand the six step hand-washing method, and 85.52% never performed the six step hand-washing, the main reason is that they didn't know how to perform.93.21% of patients(n=206) and their families believed that hand-washing was important.The cognition of HH opportunities in daily life was relatively higher(61.54%-94.51%),and in hospital environment was relatively lower(36.15%-49.23%),only 36.15% of the families washed hands before left the hospital.Unqualified rate of detection results of sampling of hands of patients with infectious diseases and their families was 83.87%.Conclusion Patients with infectious diseases and their families are deficient in HH knowledge and behavior, medical institutions should carry out systematic and standard HH education to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infection.

Herbicides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; complications ; therapy

Objective To study the relation between the effect of Curcumin on the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSC)and the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor?(PPAR?).Methods The rat HSC was isolated from SD rats through in situ perfusion of liver with Pronase E and density-gradient centrifugation with Nycodenz.The subcultured cells were treated with corresponding compound.The inhibition effect on HSC proliferation was determined by MTT colorimetry.The total RNA was extracted by TRizol reagent,and the gene expression level of PPAR? and smooth muscle actin (?-SMA)were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.The total cellular proteins were extracted and separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,and the protein level of ?-SMA was determined by Western blotting.Results The MTT analysis results showed that Curcumin inhibited HSC proliferation between 10 and 50 ?mol/L in a dose-dependent manner.In the Day 1,4,7 of primary HSC and passaged HSC,the expression of PPAR? mRNA decreased with HSC activation extent;Curcumin could up-regulate the expression level of PPAR?.Curcumin suppressed the expression of ?-SMA not only at the gene level but also at the translation level.But all these effects of Curcumin on HSC could be blocked by the PPAR? specific antagonist GW9662.Conclusion The effect of Curcumin on HSC cell proliferation and activation is through the up-regulation of PPAR? signal.

Aim To study the effect of Curcumin on the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and the correlation between the effect and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ?(PPAR?) signal.Methods The HSC was isolated from normal SD rats through in situ perfusion of liver with protease E and density-gradient centrifugation with Nycodenz.The subcultured cells were treated with corresponding compounds. Cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining. PPAR? subcellular distribution was detected by immunofluorescent staining. Total RNA, total protein and nuclear protein were extracted respectively, target gene and protein levels were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR or Western blot.Results There was nearly no apoptosis in activated HSC. Curcumin treatment induced the apoptosis of HSC, enhancing PPAR? nuclear translocation/redistribution.At the transcription and translation level,curcumin upregulated nuclear PPAR? expression, inhibited anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, and promoted pro-apoptotic Bax expression; but all these effects could be reversed by PPAR? antagonist GW9662.Conclusions Curcumin induces HSC apoptosis by enhancing PPAR? expression and nuclear translocation/redistribution.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Embryonal ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; methods ; Testicular Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; metabolism

In order to determine the challenge dose of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) inactivated vaccine (S-1 strain). The virus titer of PPMV-1 E5 allantoic fluid (Chuansha strain) was determined using SPF chicken embryos in this research. After inoculating 30-day-old and 120-day-old pigeons with low-HI antibody against PPMV-1 (HI antibody < or =2) with different doses of PPMV-1 (Chuansha strain), the clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions of the challenged pigeons were examined. The results showed that the minimal lethal dose (MLD) of PPMV-1 (Chuansha strain) was 102.5 ELD50, so we determined that 10(5.5) ELD50, which was 1000 times the MLD, could be taken as the challenge dose in the vaccine efficacy test for PPMV-1 inactivated vaccine (S-1 strain).
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Bird Diseases ; immunology ; mortality ; virology ; Chick Embryo ; Columbidae ; immunology ; virology ; Newcastle Disease ; immunology ; mortality ; virology ; Newcastle disease virus ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Phylogeny ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology ; Virulence

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Heart Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spondylosis ; complications

pros-tate cancer patents with bone metastases. The number of bone lesions, ALP level, Gleason's score, age and distant lymph node metastases are prognostic factors.

Objective To investigate the expression of FHIT,WWOX and MDR1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and FHIT and WWOX mechanism of inactivation.Methods Real-time PCR was used to test FHIT,WWOX and MDR1 gene′s mRNA expression in 89 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients (experimental group) and 61 inflammatory patients (control group).Q-MSP was used to test the FHIT and WWOX promoter methylation status.Denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to test the LOH of FHIT and WWOX gene.Results (1)The three genes′ mRNA expression were different between experimental group and control group (P<0.05).After grouped according to the histological type and clinical stages,the expression of FHIT and WWOX mRNA between the patients with serious illness or poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and mild cases or highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were significantly different in the experimental group,the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05)Meanwhile,the FHIT and WWOX mRNA expression had statistical association with the clinical stage and histological type(r=-0.731,P=0.000;r=-0.816,P=0.000;r=-0.626,P=0.000;r=-0.536,P=0.001).The MDR1 mRNA expression was different between poorly and highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (P=0.021),which was statistical associated with the histological type (r=-0.697,P<0.001).(2)The degrees of FHIT and WWOX promoter methylation in the experimental group was higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);Also,the expression of FHIT and WWOX mRNA were closely related to the degree of promoter methylation(r=-0.689,P=0.000;r=-0.594,P=0.000).(3) In the experimental group,there were 39 cases (43.8%) of LOH in the FHIT gene,and 42 cases (47.2%)of the WWOX genes were significantly higher than those in the control group (4.9% and 3.3%),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The FHIT and WWOX gene mRNA were negatively correlated with the loss of heterozygosity(r=-0.239,P=0.049;r=-0.364,P=0.013).Conclusion Promoter methylation is the main reason for the down-regulation of FHIT gene and WWOX gene expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients,which may be the main reason for the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.The higher expression of MDR 1 mRNA is statistical association with the histological type.

Objective To discuss the effect of competency based education practice teaching model on vocational nursing students with ability training.Methods Totally 96 vocational nursing students were divided into control group from July 2014 to May 2015,receiving routine mentoring teaching mode and totally 99 vocational nursing students were divided into learning group from July 2015 to May 2016,receiving competency based education practice teaching model.Theoretical examination and clinical operation skill test as well as self evaluation of caring ability and transitional nursing ability were conducted to both groups after the course to compare the test scores and the change of their caring ability and transitional nursing ability.SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis,and independent samples t test was used between the two groups.Results The theoretical scores of the nursing students in the experimental group ([93.70 ± 4.27) vs.(88.00 ± 4.83)] and skill test [[95.70 ± 2.49] vs.(91.40 ± 2.87)] were higher than those of the control group;caring ability score [(189.3 ± 13.5) vs.(179.4 ± 10.4)],with the average score of cognitive dimension (51.6 ± 9.8) vs.(50.2 ± 10.3)],the dimension of courage (70.2 ± 6.5) [vs.(65.7 ± 8.4)],average patient dimension (63.4 ± 4.8) vs.5.4)];transitional nursing ability score [(124.95 ± 24.06) vs.(118.18 ± 20.41)],the dimension of knowledge sharing [(38.43 ± 8.22) vs.(36.08 ± 7.23)],average score of attitude dimension [(54.08 ± 10.66)vs.(51.02 ± 9.16)],average score of behavior dimension [(32.43 ± 6.25) vs.(32.43 ± 6.25)],which were all increased compared with the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Competency based education practice teaching mode achieves good teaching effect and it is worth recommending in clinical teaching.