OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathological characteristics of papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis.

METHODSUsing routine pathology and immunohistochemistry, we observed the surgically obtained samples from 2 cases of papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, analyzed their pathological features and clinical presentations, and reviewed the related literature.

RESULTSThe 2 patients were both adult males. The tumors typically manifested as painless swelling in the epididymis, with occasionally dull pain and tenesmus in 1 of the cases. Pathologically, the lesions exhibited three morphological features, i. e., dilated ducts and small cysts surrounded by fibrous connective tissue, adenoid papillary hyperplasia into the cysts embraced by fibrovascular stroma, and acidophil substance present in the cysts. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumors were strongly positive for CK8/18, CK7, and EMA, but negative for CK20, CEA, MC, Calretenin, P53, P63, SMA, VHL, and CD10, with the positive rate of Ki-67 <1%. Follow-up visits revealed good prognosis in both cases.

CONCLUSIONPapillary cystadenoma of the epididymis is a rare benign tumor in the male urogenital system, which may be accompanied by the VHL syndrome. Surgery is the first choice for its treatment.

Adult ; Cystadenoma, Papillary ; chemistry ; pathology ; Epididymis ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; chemistry ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Objective To investigate passive smoking status and to analyze health influencing factors among infants in Minhang District of Shanghai.Methods All 1 686 infants in Minhang District from May 2011 to May 2013 were recruited to be the subjects,and a questionnaire-based survey was conducted among their parents to collect the characteristics,passive smoking and health status of the infants.Results The prevalence of passive smoking in infants during their mothers' pregnancy and within one year after birth was 52.7％ and 19.2％,respectively.Total of 571 (33.9％) infants surveyed were reported to suffer from health problems.The investigated infants who suffered from passive smoking during mothers' pregnancy (OR =1.920,P＜0.001) and within one year after birth (OR=1.596,P＜0.001) were more likely to get health problems.Compared to the infants with six-month exclusive breast feeding,the infants with six-month artificially feeding were more likely to get health problems (OR=1.710,P＜0.001).Conclusions The prevalence of passive smoking for the investigated infants was high.Passive smoking during mothers' pregnancy as well as after birth were the risk factors for the infants' health.

Objective To explore the relationship between mental health status and intentional self harm and parenting style among adolescent students.Methods Using Parenting Style Questionnaire (PBI),Chinese middle school student mental health scale questionnaire and deliberate self harm questionnaire,6 middle schools in Quzhou City were randomly selected and a total of 876 students were investigated.Results A total of 869 questionnaires were recovered and the recovery rate was 99.20％.Totally 42.58％ of the adolescents had psychological problems,and 8.40％ and 7.36％ of the students feel bad themselves.Those who had thought or deliberately hurt themselves accounted for 15.54％ and 5.64％,respectively.The parenting style of father was mainly high care and low control(50.50％),while that of mother was mainly high control and low care(74.00％).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the mental health status was self reported poor among those their father parenting style was high control and low care (OR =3.291,95％ CI:1.724-6.285) and the possibility of intentional self harm behaviors were higher (OR =2.278,95％ CI:1.042-4.983) when the confounding factors were controlled.Conclusion The proportion of middle school students who have psychological problems were high and high control and low care of father parenting style were the risk factors of psychological problems and intentional self harm behaviors among adolescents.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of aloe polysaccharides pretreatment on the cerebral inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation in severe hemorrhagic shock rats first entering high altitude.

METHODSForty healthy male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8 each): sham group, shock group, AP group was further divided into 3 subgroups (AP1 0.75 mg/kg; AP2 1.50 mg/kg; AP3 3.00 mg/kg). The different doses AP were given iv respectively at 30 min before hemorrhagic shock. The mean blood pressure (MAP) was maintained at (35 ± 5) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) for 60 minutes. The animals were killed at 2 hours after resuscitation. Blood samples were obtained from femoral artery for detecting tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations; the frontal and parietal lobes brain and the hippocampus were separated from brain tissues on the ice for detecting superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, brain Wet-dry weight ratio (W/D).

RESULTSCompared with sham group, hemorrhagic shock significantly increased serum TNF-α ((76 ± 11) ng/L), IL-6 ((1303 ± 141) ng/L) and IL-10 concentrations ((95 ± 14) ng/L), MPO activity ((20.72 ± 2.28)×10(-2) U/g) and MDA concentration ((80 ± 13) nmol/mgprot) in the brain tissue and brain W/D (6.21 ± 0.18) (t = 6.928 - 14.565, P < 0.05), while SOD activity ((56 ± 11) U/mgprot) decreased significantly (t = -5.374, P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between shock and AP1 groups. AP2 group significantly inhibited hemorrhagic shock-induced increase serum TNF-α ((54 ± 12) ng/L), IL-6 ((846 ± 78) ng/L) and IL-10 concentrations ((66 ± 11) ng/L), MPO activity ((13.13 ± 1.23)×10(-2) U/g) and MDA concentration ((56 ± 9) nmol/mgprot) in the brain tissue and brain W/D (5.71 ± 0.18) (t = -6.905 - -3.357, P < 0.05), while SOD activity ((86 ± 12) U/mgprot) increased significantly compared to shock group (t = 4.240, P < 0.05). There were no significant difference between AP2 and AP3 groups.

CONCLUSIONAP pretreatment can attenuate the cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in severe traumatic-hemorrhagic rats first entering high altitude through inhibiting systemic inflammatory response and leukocyte aggregation and lipid peroxidation in the brain.

Aloe ; chemistry ; Altitude ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo research the regulative effect of mica monomer granule preparation on the expression of gene associated with cancer in gastric mucosa tissue of experimental chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) rats.

METHODTo treat experimental CAG rats using mica monomer granule preparation with three different dosage-high, moderate and low level respectively. To observe the expression changes of mutant antioncogene-p53 gene-protein, oncogene p21, antioncogene p16 and anti-apoptosis gene bcl-2 in gastric mucosa of CAG rats by two-step ways of EnVision system in immunohistochemical method.

RESULTThere was the tendency that mica monomer granule preparation with three different dosage could decrease the expression of p53 as well as p21, and mica had the obvious regulative effects on deletion of p16 and high-expression of bcl-2. It could also alleviate the inflammation of gastric mucosa and promote the regeneration of gland.

CONCLUSIONThe treatment and reversion action of mica on chronic atrophic gastritis is probably related with the regulative effect on the expression of gene associated with cancer.

Aluminum Silicates ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Materia Medica ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Oncogene Protein p21(ras) ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effects of Qingre Quyu Granule (QQG) on the patients with severe carotid stenosis, and to explore the mechanism of it.

METHODSNinety-six patients with severe carotid stenosis were enrolled in the study and were classified into a QQG group (n=48) and a control group (n=48) randomly using consecutively numbered envelopes. The patients in the QQG group were given QQG and Western medicine, those in the control group were given Western medicine merely, the course of treatment was 16 weeks. All patients went through endarterectomy after treatment. Plaques were subjected to the analysis of CD3, CD68, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), CD40L, tenascin-C, and collagen content lipid content by immunohistochemistry or polarized light analysis.

RESULTSBy the end of experiment, the expressions of CD3, CD68, ICAM-1, MMP9, CD40L and tenascin-C on the plaques were statistically significant lower in the QQG group compared with the control group(P<0.01). The lipid content of the plaque was also significantly lower in the QQG group compared with the control group (P<0.01). The interstitial collagen in the tissue sections of the plaques was also significantly higher in the QQG group in comparison with the control group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONQQG could stabilize carotid artery plaques through inhibiting pro-inflammation factors and restraining the tenascin-C and MMP9 pathway.

Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; CD40 Ligand ; metabolism ; Carotid Arteries ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carotid Stenosis ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation ; complications ; pathology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; Tenascin ; metabolism

To explore the effect of glycosyl-phosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) on the adhesion function of bone marrow mononuclear cell from patients with myeloid leukemia and analyze its mechanism, the activity of GPI-PLD in bone marrow mononuclear cell from the patients were measured by using GPI-anchored placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) as substrate and Triton-X114 partitioning; the adhesion rate and CD24 expression of these cells were measured by MTT and immunohistochemical method respectively, when these cells were or were not treated by 1 mmol/L 1,10-phenanthroline for 5 hours. The results showed that the GPI-PLD activity of bone marrow mononuclear cells from the patients was significantly inhibited after being treated by 1 mmol/L 1, 10-phenanthroline for 5 hours [(42.08 +/- 7.21)% vs (5.4 +/- 2.96)%], while the adhesion rate and the expression of CD24 of these cells were increased [(49.78 +/- 26.73)% vs (61.19 +/- 29.14)%, (16.02 +/- 9.68)% vs (18.5 +/- 11.14)%, respectively)]. It is concluded that depression of GPI-PLD activity can increase the adhesion rate of bone marrow mononuclear cells from the patients while the CD24 expression is enhanced.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD24 Antigen ; biosynthesis ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; blood ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenanthrolines ; pharmacology ; Phospholipase D ; blood ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the safety and efficacy of frameless stereotactic brain biopsy.

METHODSDiagnostic accuracy was calculated by comparing biopsy diagnosis with definitive pathology in 62 patients who underwent frameless stereotactic brain biopsy between January 2008 and December 2010 in Xiamen University Southeast Hospital. Preoperative characteristics and histological diagnosis were reviewed and then information was analysed to identify factors associated with the biopsy not yielding a diagnosis and complications.

RESULTSDiagnostic yield was 93.5%. No differences were found between pathological diagnosis and frozen pathological diagnosis. The most common lesions were astrocytic lesions, included 16 cases of low-grade glioma and 12 cases of malignant glioma. Remote hemorrhage, metastasis, and lymphoma were following in incidence. Multiple brain lesions were found in 17 cases (27.4%). Eleven cases were frontal lesions (17.7%), 8 were frontotemporal (12.9%), 6 were frontoparietal (9.7%), and 5 each were temporal, parietal, and parietotemporal lesions (8.1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 21.0% of the patients after biopsies, including 10 haemorrhages (16.1%) and 3 temporary neurological deficits (1 epilepsy, 1 headache, and 1 partial hemiparesis). No patient required operation for hematoma evacuation.

CONCLUSIONFrameless stereotactic biopsy is an effective and safe technique for histologic diagnosis of brain lesions, particularly for multifocal and frontal lesions.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; methods ; Brain ; pathology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between genetic polymorphism of P53, P21, CCND1 and susceptibility of chromosomal damage induced by vinyl chloride monomer (VCM).

METHODS183 workers occupationally exposed to VCM were involved in our study. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CB-MN) assay was used to detect chromosome damage in peripheral lymphocyte. PCR-RFLP technique was applied to detect polymorphisms in P53 gene (exon4, intron3 and intron6), P21 gene (exon2 and exon3) and CCND1 (exon4).

RESULTSThe risk of chromosomal damage for VCM-exposed workers with more than 30 yr was 1.2202 (95% CI: 1.0580 approximately 1.4072, P = 0.0062) compared with the younger workers, and the risk of female workers was 1.1491 (95% CI: 0.9841 approximately 1.3416, P = 0.0772) compared with male workers. The MN frequency in subjects with P53 intron6 mutant homozygous and heterozygous was higher than their wild-type homozygous counterparts (OR = 1.3032, 95% CI: 1.1285 approximately 1.6405, P = 0.0285). P53 exon4, intron3 and intron6 haplotype pairs of BBB/AAA and BAB/AAA were associated with the increased frequencies of micronucleus.

CONCLUSIONAmong VCM-exposed workers, more than 30ys, female, carrying P53 intron6 mutated allele and BBB/AAA and BAB/AAA haplotype pairs have higher risk of chromosomal damage.

Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Humans ; Micronucleus Tests ; Occupational Exposure ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Vinyl Chloride

OBJECTIVETo analyze the expression level of candidate tumor suppressor gene N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) in human colon cancer.

METHODSThirty samples of colon cancer tissues with matched normal colon tissues were collected. The NDRG2 mRNA level was detected by semi-quantitive RT-PCR and the NDRG2 protein level was examined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSTwelve samples of colon cancer tissues had low NDRG2 mRNA level and low protein level. The positive rates of NDRG2 in normal tissues and the tumorous colon tissues were 90.0%(27/30) and 53.3%(16/30) by immunohistochemistry respectively. There was a significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The NDRG2 expression was not correlated with age, sex, metastasis of lymph node, depth of infiltration, as well as the Dukes staging(P>0.05), while it was correlated to the histology grading. The positive rate of NDRG2 in the well- and moderate-differentiation group was higher than that in the poor-differentiation group(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of NDRG2 is low in some colon cancer tissues, which indicates that the low level of NDRG2 expression may be engaged in the development of colon cancer.

Blotting, Western ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism