Adult ; Coal Mining ; Cognition Disorders ; etiology ; Explosions ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Survivors ; Young Adult

?AlM: To investigate the outcome and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation treatment in uncontrolled primary congenital glaucoma ( PCG) .
? METHODS: Twenty - two eyes in 22 children with uncontrolled PCG were reviewed retrospectively and underwent Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation treatment from January 2011 to December 2014. Main checking index included intraocular pressure ( lOP ) before and after operation, corneal diameter and complications.
?RESULTS: Preoperative mean age was 3. 74±2. 24y, and 2. 59 ± 1. 78y apart from the last operation. Postoperative average lOP was 35. 22 ± 6. 36mmHg. Average corneal diameter was 12. 79 ± 0. 75mm. Mitomycin C ( 0. 3 - 0. 5mg/mL ) was used in all operations for 3-5min. Glaucoma valves were implanted in the temporal or nose above the equator sclera. Postoperative lOP was 11. 4±4. 45mmHg at 1wk, and 16. 73± 7. 23mmHg after 12mo. As lOP< 21mmHg for success criteria, lOP of 16 eyes ( 73%) were controlled after 12mo. Preoperative 6 cases had shallow anterior chamber, recovered spontaneously. No serious complication was recorded, such as rejection of glaucoma valve, endoophthalmitis and corneal decompensation.
?CONCLUSlON:Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in uncontrolled PCG is a safe and viable treatment.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcium ; Interstitial Cells of Cajal ; Jejunum ; Mice

Objective To evaluate the in vitro activity of cefazolin penta-hydrate and other common used antimicrobial agents against clinical pathogens isolated within last 3 years. Method MIC values were deter-mined by standard twofold agar dilution method. Time kill curves were il-lustrated by colony form unit (cfu) count method. Totally , MICs of 604 isolates within last 3 years from 19 hospitals were tested. Result The results indicated that for Gram - positive aerobic pathogens, cafazolin pentahydrate showed satisfied in vitro activity against methicillin suscepti-ble Staphylococcus aureus ( MSSA), methicillin susceptibel Staphylococcus epidemidis (MSSE), penicillin susceptible Streptococcus pneumonies (PSSP) and Streptococcus spp. β-hemolytic group. MIC90 was ≤ 4 mg · L-1 For Gram- negative bacilli, cefazolin pentahydrate also showed antibacterial activity. MIC values was ≤ 8 mg · L-1 for non- ESBLs Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. Time- kill curves test results indicated that cefazolin pentahydrate typically is of time dependent profile against staph-ylococci, but for E. coli, the bactericidal activity slight increased with drug concentration increased. Conclution Compared with contrast drugs, the activities of cefazolin pentahydrate against G+ bacteria were better than cephalexin, clindamycin, clarithromycin, and silght better than cefotiam, and similar with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime and levofloxacin. For non - ESBLs Enterobacteriaceae, the activies of cefazolin pentahydrate were better than cephalexin, and similar with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefuroxime.

To explore possible factors that affecting patients with acute stroke seeking for acupuncture treatment by questionnaire survey. The average age of the 202 patients was 63.14. Before the survey, only 66 patients had received acupuncture treatment, and 136 patients did not consider accepting acupuncture treatment. After the survey, there were more patients want to accept acupuncture treatment (P < 0.05). Patients expressed three major opinions about acupuncture, i.e., lack of knowledge of acupuncture, analgesia after needling, and slow effectiveness. Patients lack awareness of acupuncture and cultural identity. Therefore, it is urgent to promote awareness of acupuncture, strengthen culture identity which will facilitate the development of acupuncture.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Huperzine A is a potent,reversible,and blood-brain barrier permeable acetylcholinesterase irhibitor.The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics,tolerability,and bioavailability of two formulations with the established reference formulation of huperzine A in a fasting,healthy Chinese male population.This was a randomized,single-dose,3-period,6-sequence crossover study.The plasma concentrations of huperzine A were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Tolerability was assessed based on subject interview,vital sign monitoring,physical examination,and routine blood and urine tests.The mean (SD) pharmacokinetic parameters of the reference drug were Cmax,1.550 (0.528) ng/mL;t1/2,12.092 (1.898) h;AUC0-72h,17.550 (3.794) ng.h/mL.Those of the test formulation A and test formulation B were Cmax,1.412 (0.467),1.521 (0.608) ng/mL;t1/2,12.073 (2.068),12.271 (1.678) h;AUC0-72h,15.286 (3.434) ng.h/mL,15.673 (3.586) ng.h/mL.The 90％ confidence intervals for the AUC0-72h and Cmax were between 0.80 and 1.25.No adverse events were reported by the subjects or found with results of clinical laboratory test.The test and reference products met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence in these fasting,healthy Chinese male volunteers.All three formulations appeared to be well tolerated.

Phytochemical investigation was carried out on the seeds of Vigna umbellata. The 70% ethanol extract of the seeds of V. umbellata was subjected to silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatographies and preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of NMR and ESI-MS spectroscopic data Eight compounds were obtained and identified as carboxyatractyligenin (1), 2beta-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-15alpha-hydroxy-kaur-16-ene-18,19-dicarboxylic acid (2), 2beta-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl) atractyligenin (3), 3R-O-[beta-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl] oct-1-ene-3-ol (4), (6S, 7E, 9R) -roseoside (5), liriodendrin (6), resveratrol (7) and maltol (8). Compounds 1-7 were isolated from Vigna genus for the first time, and compound 8 was isolated from V. umbellata for the first time.
Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry

[Objective] To investigate the awareness of healthy lifestyle content among residents in Shanghai and to provide basis for future efforts . [ Methods] Stratified random sampling covered all 18 districts in Shanghai .A total of 8548 participants were recruited and questionnaire with them was completed by face to face interview. [Results] Among Shanghai residents aged 18-69 years, 67.8%of them had awareness of all five items of healthy lifestyle content .And 94.6%, 92.3%, 80.7%, 77.3%, and 81 .7%of them respectively had awareness of balanced diet , regular exercise , no smoking , no alcohol a-buse, and keeping mental balance .Analysis of Logistic regression showed that gender , age, area of resi-dence, and education level were factors influencing awareness rates mentioned above . [ Conclusion] The information about healthy lifestyle content was effectively spread by various departments concerned and the Shanghai government .And the above results suggest that specific information spread for different demo-graphic characteristics of different populations is beneficial for future improvement of healthy knowledge a -mong them.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protein levels of phospho-ERK and phospho-APE/Ref-1 in hippocampal neurons after global cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats, and observe the relationship between transmembrane signal transduction and repair of DNA damage. The role of ERK signal transduction pathway following global cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats is further discussed.

METHODSNinety healthy male SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: Sham group (S group), Ischemia reperfusion group (IR group) and Pd98059 pretreatment/ischemia reperfusion group (PD group). Global cerebral ischemia reperfusion model was established by four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method, and reperfusion was performed 5 minutes following ischemia. Protein levels of phospho-ERK and phospho-APE/Ref-1 were detected using immunohistochemical method at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after reperfusion, and neuron apoptosis was observed by HE and TUNEL staining.

RESULTSIn CA1 region of IR group, TUNEL positive cells began to appear at 6 h after IR, and reached the apex during 24 h to 48 h. However, TUNEL positive was most strongly exhibited in PD group. In IR group, phospho-ERK was obviously detected in CA3 region at 2 h after IR, and its level was gradually decreased from 6 h until totally absent at 48 h. Besides, phospho-ERK expression in PD group was weaker than that in IR group. For phospho-APE/Ref-1, its expression began to appear in CA1 region in IR group at 2 h after IR, with no obvious changes during 2 h to 12 h. Phospho-APE/Ref-1 expression began to decrease at 24 h and this decrease continued thereafter. Expression level of phospho-APE/Ref-1 in PD group was lower than that in IR group. Results showed the concurrence of decreased phospho-ERK expression level and increased neuron apoptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion, the former of which was consistent with the decrease of phospho-APE/Ref-1 expression. Also, the greater the inhibition of ERK phosphorylation was, the greater decrease of APE/Ref-1 expression occurred.

CONCLUSIONActivation of ERK signal transduction pathway increased the expression of phospho-APE/Ref-1, and thus faciliated the repair of DNA damage. So, activation of ERK signal transduction pathway may protect neurons from apoptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; pathology ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; DNA Repair ; physiology ; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; methods ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion ; adverse effects ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; physiology ; Time Factors

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Atrazine ; analysis ; immunology ; Chromatography, Gas ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Food Contamination ; analysis ; Herbicides ; analysis ; immunology ; Mass Spectrometry