Objective To investigate the clinical value of King's College Hospital Criterion (KCH),Canadian Waitlisting Algorithm Criterion (CanWAIT) and Japanese Liver Transplantation Criterion (JLT) in predicting the prognosis of the patients with chronic severe hepatitis in China. Methods Fifty-five patients with chronic severe hepatitis were classified respectively by the three liver transplantation criteria.Those who were in line with the criterion were ascribed the matched criteria group (MCG),while those who were not in line with the criterion were ascribed the unmatched crite ria group (UCG).The end point of observation was the 90th day after their admission.The survival time and the mortality were compared between the MCG and UCG.The predictive ability for each cri- terion and their correlation with the clinical stages of chronic severe hepatitis were analyzed.Results Seventeen cases accorded with KCH and CanWAIT,while 38 cases did not accord with KCH and CanWAIT.The median survival time (MST) and their mortality in MCG group were 17.5 days and 100.0% respectively,while those in UCG group were 69.2 days and 34.2% respectively.Twenty- one cases accorded with JLT,while 34 cases did not accord with JLT.The MST and their mortality in MCG were 17.7 days and 95.2% respectively,while those in UCG group were 75.2 days and 29.4% repsectively.There were significant differences in MST and mortality between MCG group and UCG group with the 3 criteria (P

Objective To report the experience on the modified Abb? flap for correction of mild tightness of the corrected cleft lip deformity. Methods Forty-two patients with a mild or moderately tight lip deformity after primary unilateral cleft lip repair were performed a modified Abb? flap for correcting tight upper lip. The operative technique was that the pocket was creased for the vermilion tubercle by splitting the lip. The skin was incised several millimeters beyond the vermilion-skin border and was moved laterally for a distance equal to the breadth of the vermilion tubercle. The orbicularis oris muscle and the full length of the upper lip vermilion were incised. By releasing the tension, the slight concavity, expressed in profile by the slight pout which a normal upper lip had in cross section, was obtained. The Abb? flap that was taken from the central portion of the lower lip vermilion, was designed to repair the vermilion tubercle and the Cupid's bow. The flap was approximately 8 mm in width. The full length of the lower lip vermilion and the orbicularis oris muscle were incorporated. A ting portion of skin was included, which facilitated closure of the donor site, The flap, based on the labial vessels, was rotated 180?and sutured into the created defect of the upper lip. The pedicle was divided 10 days after operation. Results Forty-two patients all showed an obvious Cupid's bow, Cupid's bow peak, the median tubercle and the height and width of the upper lip. The scarring of the base of the nose was not obvious. Conclusion Use of modified Abb? flap to reconstruct the contour of the upper lip is successful in patients with cleft lip.

Objective:To explore the intervention effect of proteasome inhibitor MG132 in rats with collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),which resembles human rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Forty-eight female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,including blank control group,CIA model group and MG132-treated group.There were sixteen rats in each group.Rats in CIA model group and MG132-treated model group were injected with type Ⅱ collagen to established CIA rats.21 days after the initial immunization,the rats in the MG132-treated model group were injected subcutaneously with 1 mg/kg MG132 once daily for 2 weeks.42 days after the initial immunization,the change of paw-swelling and the arthritis scores were determined.The synovial pathology examination was performed with HE staining.The 20S proteasome activity in synovial tissue was measured by fluorescence substrate assay.The expression of NF-κB/p65,IκBα in synovial tissue were analyzed by Western blot.Results:Proteasome inhibitor MG132 significantly attenuated the severity of arthritis and histopathological changes in CIA rats.Compared with the blank control group,the 20S proteasome activity was increased significantly in the CIA model group(P<0.05),and decreased after injection of MG132.Compared with CIA rats,the expression of NF-κB/p65 significantly decreased in rats treated with MG132(P<0.01).Compared with the blank control group,the expression of IκBα protein decreased in CIA model group.After injected with MG132,the protein was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion:The proteasome inhibitor MG132 may attenuates the severity of arthritis and histopathological changes in CIA rats.These effects may be mediated through the inhibition of NF-κB activity.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil and inclusion preparation of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin from compoundJinling Sini Siwu Shixiaosan Granules.Methods The orthogonal approach of L9 (34) was applied to investigate the volume of volatile oil extraction by 3 factors to obtain the optimum extraction conditions. With inclusion rate of volatile oil and yield of inclusion compound as comprehensive evaluation indexes, the optimum preparation conditions were discussed. The characterization of this prepared inclusion was analyzed by TLC.Results The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:the crude medicine with medicinal powder was shattered into 20 meshes;8 times the amount of water was added and was extracted for 8 h. The best inclusion conditions were as follows:the proportion of volatile oil to HP-β-CD was 1∶6, with inclusion temperature of 30℃, grinding time of 2 h. Analysis results of TLC showed that stable inclusion compound was formed from volatile oil and HP-β-CD.Conclusion The optimized extraction process and inclusion preparation are with stable quality and high feasibility.

China ; Food ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Food Inspection ; methods ; Plants ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the association between (beta-parvin) PARVB gene rs5764455 polymorphism and susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 230 patients with NAFLD (NAFLD, n = 230) and 230 control subjects (control, n = 330) were genotyped by PCR and direct sequencing. Clinical information was detected and compared in different groups. Genotypic frequency and gene frequency distribution in the two groups and relative risks to NAFLD susceptibility were assessed statistically , respectively. Results No statistical differences were observed between PARVB gene rs5764455 genotypic frequency with gene frequency distribution and the two groups, respectively (Genotypic frequency χ2 = 0.182, P = 0.913; gene frequency χ2 = 0.180, P = 0.672). Comparing C/T + T/T genotype carrier with C/C genotype carrier, there were no differences concerning the relative risks to NAFLD susceptibility (OR = 1.266, P =0.178;adjusted OR =1.631, P =0.096) before and after adjusting body mass, BMI and so on. In the latter group, there are significant differences in the increases of body mass, BMI, TG, ALT and AST (P < 0.05). Conclusion Non-relationship was observed between PARVB gene rs5764455 polymorphism and the risk of NAFLD in Qingdao Han Chinese.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with urolithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 9 PHPT patients who were evaluated with simple metabolic evaluation in 881 urolithiasis from 2000 to 2005 were summarized and the references were reviewed.Results The level of serum calcium was (2.96±0.48)mmol/L before operation, (1.94±0.42) mmol/L after operation.The level of parathyroid hormone(PTH) was(1133.53±788.21)pmol/L before op-eration,(74.52±49.17)pmol/L after operation.The level of serum calcium and PTH changed significantly after the parathyroidectomy (P<0.01).Follow-up for 14 months to 6 years.the ureteral stones fragments with lithotripsy were clear after 3 months and followed without recurrence,although the renal stones without lithotripsy were followed with no significant change.Conclusions Increase of serum calcium or increase of PTH above double with normal serum calcium may be helpful for diagnosis of PHPT with urolithiasis.Ureteral stone with PHPT should be treated together.Renal stone with PHPT may be followed up after the parathv-roidectomy,and be treated until the complications were occurred.It suggests that the maidend diagnosed pa-tient with urolithiasis should be added with simple metabolic evaluation,including serum calcium, phospho-nium and PTH.

Objective To examine the epidemiology of kidney stone in Pudong New Area ofShanghai and analyze its risk factors. Methods 12 565 residents with the age above 16 years weresurveyed. All subjects needed to answer a questionnaire concerning their sex,age,geographic loca tions,occupation,education status and family history of renal calculi,etc. Ultrasound examinationwas used to diagnose the kidney stone. Results The average prevalence of kidney stone was 3.15%(396/12565),4. 05%(247/6096)in the men and 2.30%(149/6469) in the women,respectively (P<0. 05). The prevalence increased significantly with age of men,whereas the prevalence was highest forwomen aged 50-59. The prevalence between city and rural was not significantly different before age60 (2.58% vs 2. 62%,P>0. 05),whereas the prevalence were significantly different after age 60(6.28% vs 3.36%,P<0.05). The prevalence of subjects with a family history of renal calculi washigher than that without family history (32.02% vs 2.06%,P<0. 01). The prevalence in manage ment staff and vehicle drivers were the highest. Conclusions The prevalence of kidney stone in Pud ong New Area of Shanghai was lower than that in south of China. The relative risk increased in sub jects of aged men,women aged 50 59,with family history of renal calculi,management staff and ve hicle drivers. An understanding of the epidemiology particularly the interactions among different fac tors,may help lead to approach that reduce the risk of stone formation.

Objective To assess the clinical application value of phleboplasties combined with microvascular anastomotic device in venous anastomosis with diameter discrepancy in head and neck defects reconstruction.Methods Sixty-six pairs of veins with significant diameter discrepancy were anastomosed in head and neck reconstructive surgeries with free flaps.Forty of them were anastomosed with microvascular anastomotic device (the coupler group) after phleboplasties including lateral incision, Y-T enlargement and wedge excision while the other 26 pairs of veins were conventionally sutured (the sutured group).Diameter of each vein, anastomosis time, post-operative vascular crisis, flap survival and complications related to the microvascular anastomotic device were recorded.Results The average anastomosis time of the coupler group was (4.78 ± 1.14) min for lateral incision, (5.16 ± 2.07) min for Y-T enlargement and (11.09 ± 3.21) min for wedge excision, and all of them were significantly shorter than that of the sutured group.In the sutured group, all flaps survived except for 2 veins with poor blood flow were cut and re-anastomosed during the operation;1 flap with venous crisis within 72 hours after the operations was explored and replaced with the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.All veins in the coupler group were successfully anastomosed in a single coupling procedure without anastomotic impatency, blood leak, vessel tearing and ring shedding.No vascular crisis occurred postoperatively.One patient underwent cervical haematoma 5 hours after the operation, and the flap blood supply was unaffected after the haematoma was removed.All flaps in the coupler group survived completely.Patients in both two groups were followed up 6 to 18 months.All flaps healed perfectly and no obvious surgical complications or microvascular anastomotic device rejection happened.Conclusion When anastomoses are carried out using microvascular anastomotic device between veins of different size, phleboplasties including lateral incision., Y-T enlargement and wedge excision can not only reduce the size discrepancy and the anastomosis time, but also ease the difficulty level and guarantee the patency of the venous anastomoses.Wedge excision enjoys the advantage of haemodynamics, and obstruction of venous reflux hardly occurred for size reduction.It should be considered preferentially when external jugular veins are used as the anastomotic vein of the recipient sites in head and neck reconstruction.

Objective To investigate the management of difficult recipient vessel preparation in microsurgical reconstruction for oral and maxillofacial defects with free flaps and to assess the clinical outcome.Methods A total number of 739 patients with oral and maxillofacial defects underwent consecutive free flap reconstruction with 761 free flaps from May,2012 to May,2015.There were 37 patients who could not find or lack of proper recipient vessels for microvascular anastomosis during operation.Among them,22 were recurrent oral cancer after tumor ablation,10 of them undrewent post-operative radiotherapy;5 were second primary oral cancer,7 diagnosed with osteoradionecrosis,and 3 suffered from oral and maxillofacial defect and deformity caused by trauma or inflammation.Forty free flaps including 23 anterolateral thigh flaps (ALT),10 fibular flaps and 7 radial forearm flaps were harvested.Methods and techniques used during the operation,instant patency rate after anastomosis,the overall survival rate of free flaps,and post-operative complications were recorded.Results Ninety-one anastomoses were performed between 87 pairs of vessels in 37 patients.Fifty recepient vessels were located on ipsilateral side of neck,and the most frequently used recipient vessels were those preserved or not being damaged in former operation and radiation,former transferred free flap vascular pedicles and residual ends of the ligated vessels.Thirty-seven recepient vessels were found on the contralateral side of neck.Thirty-one cases of long-pedicle flap harvesting,2 cases of vein and artery grafting,4 cases of vessel transposition,5 cases of phleboplasties,9 cases of end-to-side anastomoses,and 1 case of flow-through technique were applied in recipient vessels preparation alone or in combination.The patency rate of anastomosis during operation was 100％ and the overall survival rate of free flaps was 97.5％.Conclusion Recurrent oral cancer after tumor ablation,second primary oral cancer,osteoradionecrosis and deformity caused by trauma and inflammation are the main reasons of unsuitable recipient vessel conditions in microsurgical reconstruction for oral and maxillofacial defects.Methods including long-pedicle flap harvesting,venous grafting,vessel transposition,phleboplasty,end-to-side anastomosis and flow-through technique applied alone or in combination are still reliable choices for management of neck difficult recipient vessel preparation and anastomosis.