Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palpation ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; blood ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Fluorouracil ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for the improvement of curriculum system of Pharmacy Administration(Ph.A).METHODS:The basic information was collected by searching official website and the websites of universities and colleges,and the detailed data were collected through questionnaire survey.RESULTS:In the 111 universities and colleges investigated,a total of 51 curriculums(or 399 courses) related to Ph.A were set up.The main curriculums are pharmacy administration(210 courses),pharmaceutical marketing(61 courses),pharmacy laws and regulations(26 courses).In different universities and colleges,the credit hours,semester and property of Ph.A curriculums are different.CONCLUSIONS:The system of Ph.A curriculums has become more and more comprehensive,and the setup of each course suits the need of social needs.But the setup of curriculums of Ph.A in each university or college was far from systematical,and its structure remained to be optimized,and the structure of the teaching materials of Ph.A should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVE: To provide suggestion for the construction of teaching staff and the improvement of the discipline of Pharmacy Administration(Ph.A).METHODS: The basic information was collected by searching official website and the websites of universities and colleges etc,and a questionnaire survey was conducted among pharmacy univeristies or colleges by means of telephone interview or on-the-spot interview etc.RESULTS: A total of 108 pharmacy univeristies or colleges sent back the effective questionnaires.There were a total of 276 Ph.A teachers,including 142 male and 134 female;145 were full-time Ph.A and 131 were part-time teachers.There were only part-time teachers in 63 universities / colleges,of whom,91 were from other teaching or research department of the discipline of pharmacy,24 from party or government administration of school,9 from hospitals,4 from pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises,and 3 from drug administration department.CONCLUSION: The resources of Ph.A teachers are various,and the access qualification is quite low.It isadvisable to strengthen the building of Ph.A faculty and improve the whole level of Ph.A teachers.

[Summary] Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major chronic microvascular complications of diabetes ,which is the leading cause of end‐stage renal disease ,as well as the main cause of death in diabetic patients. Glomerular endothelial cell is an important component of the glomerular filtration barrier ,which is directly related to the materials of circulation ,and it can be easily damaged by glucose ,lipid and inflammatory factors. Under the hyperglycemia ,the PKC pathway ,the polyol pathway and oxidative stress were activated ,producing an excess of advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species ,which damage the endothelial nitric oxide synthase ,reduce the generation of nitric oxide ,while produce a large number of Ang Ⅱ. Ang Ⅱ damage the endothelial cell. In addition ,there are crosstalk between glomerular endothelial cells and endothelial cells ,which also cause endothelial cell injury. Here ,we reviewed the role of endothelial cell injury in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To construct an expression system to produce the virus-like particles containing a part of the sequence of PSA mRNA, which are ribonuclease-resistant due to the encapsulation of the mRNA by bacteriophage MS2 coat proteins. Methods The PCR products of PSA cDNA fragments were cloned to TA vector pBS-T, then the targeted segments could be obtained when the pBS-T-PSA were digested by restriction endonuclease Hind Ⅲ and cloned to prokaryocytic expression vector pNCCL1. The recombinant plasmids named PNCCL1-PSA were transfected into E. Coli BL21-DE3 and induced to express with IPTG. Results The recombinant plasmids were successfully constructed. The bacteriophage MS2 coat protein which expressed in BL21 can self- assemble to form ribonuclease resistant virus-like particles and the PSA mRNA was encapsulated into virus-like particles. Conclusions The virus-like particle containing PSA mRNA can be expressed in prokaryocyte and it can be used as standard and control in detecting PSA mRNA. It provides a new, stable and ribonuclease-resistant RNA standard in RNA detection.

In temporomandibular disorders (TMD), pain takes place when neuropeptides stimulate synovial tissue to produce several cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which activate neurons and glia of synovial membrane at the bilaminar regions of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It has been reported that, after neurogenic differentiation, the synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs), deriving from TMJ, possess the same cytological features as the neuronal cells. This study examined the ability of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to stimulate SMSCs and neurogenic SMSCs secreting inflammatory cytokines during TMD, evaluated the mutual effects of inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides and tested the analgesic effect of hyaluronic acid (HA). The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in SMSCs and neurogenic SMSCs in the presence of neuropeptides were measured by ELISA. SP and CGRP produced by SMSCs and neurogenic SMSCs were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that the expression of SP and CGRP was significantly enhanced in the neurogenic SMSCs in response to IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and the effect was remarkably inhibited by HA. IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, in return, could be enhanced in the neurogenic SMSCs upon stimulation by SP and CGRP. Neuropeptides and inflammatory cytokines might work mutually on the TMD pain. The HA-mediated analgesic effect may be implicated in the inhibition of SP and CGRP expression in neurogenic SMSCs.

Objective To investigate the role of human estrogen receptor-related receptor(ERR) ?,a submember of orphan receptors,in the tumorigenesis of endometrial cancer.Methods Plasmid of pSG-ERR? was transfected into endometrial cancer cell lines HEC-1A,HEC-1B,and Ishikawa.Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blot were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of ERR? in endometrial cancer cell.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cellular growth.Results Expressions of the ERR? were significantly increased in the endometrial cancer cells transfected with pSG-ERR? plasmid; expression of the ERR? mRNA in HEC-1A cell was 9644.4 copies/ng,HEC-1B:9835.3 copies/ng,and Ishikawa:8008.6 copies/ng(P

Animals ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Male ; Organometallic Compounds ; toxicity ; Rats

Objective To validate the effect of anti-infective reconstituted bone xenograft (ARBX) in treating posttraumatic osteomyelitis by one-stage grafting in the adults.Methods With clinical application approval of Medical Command,Logistics Ministry of PLA,ARBX was used to treat 27 adult patients (29 lesions) with posttraumatic osteomyelitis by one-stage grafting after debridement since September 2001.The study analyzed 27 patients (29 grafts) who were followed up for average 26 months (12-63 months).Results The follow-up for average 26 months (12-63 months) in 27 patients showed that infection of 22 patients (24 lesions) was controlled and cured,except for three with failure to control the infection or with recurrence of infection,two with controlled infection but with postoperative nonunion.The infection control rate was 89.7% (26/29) and the cure rate was 82.8% (24/29) ,which were better than the results of traditional therapy.Conclusions ARBX has high osteoinductive activity and enhanced anti-infective capability,which enables it to be used as one-stage grafting to treat posttraumatic osteomyelitis in the adults.