Objective To analyze the data collected from surveillance sites in Shanxi province in epidemiological investigations during 2004 - 2008 and understand the influence of such factors as rat density and vectorial quantities on plague epidemic intensity, thus provide some scientific basis for plague control and prevention. Methods To collect the data of surveillance during 2004 - 2008 in the 12 counties of plague surveillance by retrospective method. Sort and analyze the collected data according to the requirement of operational scheme for plague surveillance-calculate the rat density of spermophilus dauricus, meriones meridianus and the small rodents, and the flea index and the flea infection ratio of body flea, burrow track, cave. The results of serological tests were analyzed at the same time. Results As showed in the results, the mean density of spermophilus dauricus was 1.12 merely in each hectare, and that of meriones meridianus and small rodents were 7.42%(2130/28 700) and 8.03%(3886/48 400), respectively. The flea infection rate of spermophilus dauricus and meriones meridianas were 25.78% ( 1933/7497 ) and 44.19% (2028/4598), respectively;the flea index of spermophilus dauricus and meriones meridianus were 0.59 and 1.84, respectively. The number of nests excavated with flea for spermophilus dauricus was 70, and the numbers of nests and flea were 362 and 333, respectively. The flea infection rate was 19.34 % (70/362), and the flea index was 0.92. The number of nests excavated with flea for meriones meridianus was 34, and the numbers of nests and flea were 177 and 124, respectively. The flea infection rate was 19.21%(34/177), and the flea index was 0.70. The number of caves explored for spermophilus dauricus was 7171,and the number of burrows with flea was 62, so the flea infection rate was 0.86%(62/7171 ), and the flea index was 0.01. Conclusions With a relatively high density and large quantity and considering the epidemic features of animal plague in periphery provinces in recent years, plague may still happen and spread in Shanxi province diespite the negative results of all those serological tests, by means of importing from other provinces.

Objective To review the efficacy of different rehabilitation training on walking locomotion for chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) by Meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and Google academic search were applied to search for clinical trials on chronic incomplete spinal cord injury to review the efficacy of gait training. Meta-analysis was to assess the clinical trials by Rev-Man 4.2. Results Gait training improved the walking speed for chronic incomplete spinal cord injury. The efficacy of partial body weight support treadmill training combined with functional electrical stimulation was confirmed. The efficacy of artificial aided training and robot-aided training remained uncertain. Conclusion Gait training was effective to improve walking ability for chronic incomplete spinal cord injury, but the evidence was insufficient.

Objective To investigate the effect of psychological stress on serum iron concentration of SD rats and its mechanism. Method SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (CG), psychological stress 1w group (PG 1w) and 2w group (PG-2w), and psychological stress 2w with 1w free group (PG 2w-1w). The animal model of stress was tested for 1w, 2w, and 2w with 1w free from stress. The iron concentration of serum, liver, spleen and the expression of liver hepcidin were detected by atomic absorption spectrometry and Western blot respectively. Result (1) Compared with control group, serum iron concentration of rats under stress decreased. (2) Free of psychological stress 1w later, serum iron concentration was not significantly changed. (3) Iron concentration of liver and spleen was increased significantly compared with control group, and the expression of liver hepcidin was also increased. Conclusion Psychological stress may cause serum iron of rats to decrease obviously, and it was restored after 1w free from psychological stress. The mechanism is supposed to be increase of iron storage in liver and spleen by hepcidin in rats under psychological stress.

Objective To observe the influence of environment stimulation on learning and memory ability and hippocampal pathology of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).Methods The models of HIBD SD rats were established by the method of Rice, and were divided randomly into three groups: enriched environment stimulation group (EE), impoverished environment stimulation group (IE), and standard environment stimulation group (SE). The sham-operation rats were served as control group. Different environment stimulation was administrated to the rats since day 1 after HIBD.On the day 28,Morris water maze was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability. HE staining and nissl stain were employed to observe the pathological change and the number of neurons in hippocampus of rats.Results The learning and memory ability of EE group was significantly higher than that of SE group (P0.05), and the ability of SE group was higher than that of IE group ( P0.05). The number of SE group was lower than that of Sham group (P

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation dose caused by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in PET/CT examination and to optimize the concerned radiation protection. Methods Thirty patients from our conventional PET/CT examination were simple randomly selected, and they all underwent whole body PET/CT imaging. The radioactive dose of injected 18F-FDG was recorded. The internal radiation dose was calculated and the external radiation dose from patients was measured with the 451P-DE-SI ion chamber survey meter. The staff's dose was recorded with thermoluminescent detector (TLD). All dosimetry data were processed and analyzed statistically with Excel 2003. Results The injected radioactive dose of 18F-FDG was (432.9±51.8) MBq, and effective dose equivalent received per patient was (8.23±0.99) roSy. The correlation coefficient (r) of the dose equivalent rate and distance was-0.994 by power function curve fitting, and that of dose equivalent rate and time was - 0.988 by exponential curve fitting. The staff's dose was lower than the annual dose limit. Conclusions The patient's internal radiation dose caused by 18F-FDG in PET/CT examination is low, nonetheless, the clinician should always consider optimizing and minimizing the necessary radiation received by the patients. The patients having been injected with 18F-FDG should stay in one place to decrease their radiation to the public. From the medical point of view in optimizing radiation exposure, there may still be a potential to lower the injected 18F-FDG activity.

Objective To investigate the MRI signs of discoid meniscus and to establish the criterion of MRI diagnosis.Methods 40 cases of discoid meniscus were analysed retrospectively. The methods of measurement and the classification of discoid meniscus were studied. Besides, the injurious criterion of diagnosis were discussed.Results All of 40 cases were lateral discoid meniscus. 24 cases were classified as slab type and 16 cases wedge type. 38 cases developed in different degree of meniscal injury. The rate of injury was 95%. Conclusion MRI examination is principal in diagnosis of discoid meniscus. Proportion of transverse diameter of the midbody of meniscus to the transverse width of the tibia exceeded 40%, which is necessary to diagnose discoid meniscus.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Shenxiong Huayu Capsule (SHC) on the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and the expression of growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) after total cerebral IR in the hippocampal CA1 region of rats.

METHODSTotally 100 male adult SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, i.e., the control group, the model group, the group A (by taking SHC once daily), the group B (by taking SHC twice daily), and the group C (by taking SHC thrice daily), 20 in each group. The total IR model was prepared by improved Pulsinelli's 4-vessel occlusion method. Morphological changes of the hippocampal CA1 region were observed by HE staining at day 1, 3, 7, and 14. The expression of GAP43 in the hippocampal CA1 region was detected using immunohistochemical assay at day 1, 3, 7, and 14. Meanwhile, the behavioral score was determined. The expression of GAP43 in the hippocampal CA1 region was detected using Western blot at day 14.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the expression of GAP43 increased in the model group, the behavioral score was elevated, degenerated neurons increased, and survival neurons decreased in the model group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of GAP-43 increased (with the most significant difference seen in the group C, P < 0.01), the behavioral score significantly decreased, degenerated neurons decreased, and survival neurons increased in each HSC group (all P < 0.05). Survival neurons obviously increased at day 14, of which, most number of survival neurons and highest contents of GAP43 protein could be seen in the group C, showing statistical difference when compared with those of the group A and the group B (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSHC had protective effect on total cerebral IR in the hippocampal CA1, which might be associated with increased expression of GAP43.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; GAP-43 Protein ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo investigate the application of CT inspection during the recovery period to cerebral infarct patients. Methods53 recurrence cases were taken out from random 100 cases of first reexamination CT films and analyzed while comparing the cases′ recurrence times,contents and the relationship between recurrence times and the original deceases.ResultsThere was no close connection between the rate of cerebral infarct recurrence and recurrence times(P>0.05).But cerebral infarct recurrence mainly appeared within the first year and the recurrence time caused by the presence of hypertension was shorter than the time caused by diabetes(P<0.05).92% cerebral infarct recurrence were cavity cerebral infarct recurrence and 11% were silent brain infarction.Conclusions It is significant for the patients to take CT reexamination within the first recovery year and also important for the no symptom patients.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of CXCR4 and HIF-1α protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and explore their correlation.Methods The expression of CXCR4 and HIF-1α protein were assessed by immunohistochemistry SP method in 56 cases with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and in 20 cases with surrounded normal tissue.Results The expressions of CXCR4 and HIF-lα in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were significantly higher than those in normal tissues[62.50 ％ (35/56) vs 10.00 ％ (2/20); 57.14 ％ (32/56) vs 0(0/20)](x2=16.259,19.740,P ＜0.01).The expression of CXCR4 and HIF-1α were both correlated with invasion depth (x2 =4.736,7.665,P ＜0.05) and lymph node metastasis ( x2 =7.207,6.389,P ＜0.05),and had no correlation with cancer cell differentiation.The expressions of CXCR4 and HIF-lα in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were positively correlated (r =0.298,P ＜0.05).Conclusion CXCR4 and HIF-1α are highly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.The two have a close relation to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth,invasion and metastasis.