Objective To study the inflammation and expression of myosin light chain kinase(MLCK) through establishing acute lung injury animal model of mice induced by lipopolysacchride(LPS), and approach the role of MLCK in the mechanism of acute lung injury.Methods Twenty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into LPS group(n=10) and control group(n=10).The BALB/c mice of LPS and control groups were induced by 30 ?L 0.9% NaCl via intranasal instillation,while only LPS group was treated with LPS(20 ?g/each mice).The pathology,wet/dry lung weight ratio and the total cell quantitation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were compared between these two groups.Furthermore,immunohistochemistry assays were used to determine the status of MLCK expression in the lung.And RT-PCR was adopted to determine the status of MLCKmRNA in the lung. Results Compared with the control group,the LPS group showed more serious pulmonary hemorrhage,edema and infiltration of neutrophils, significantly increased water content in the lungs and total cell quantitation in BALF(P

Objective To study the effect of montelukast(MK)and dexamethasone(Dex)on inflammation of asthma.Methods Asthma model was established and treated with MK or Dex.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and histopathologic change were observed,IL-5mRNA of lung and bone marrow cells were detected by in situ hybridization,IL-5 immunoreactive cells by immunohistochemistry,and CD34+ and CD3+ of bone marrow cells by flow cytometry. ResultsCompared with asthma group,the number of total cells and eosinophils in BALF of MK group and Dex group were significantly decreased(P0.05). Conclusion MK and Dex can well inhibit airway inflammation and expression of IL-5mRNA in lung and bone marrow cells,though MK may be inferior to Dex in some aspects.The combined treatment of leukotriene receptor antagonist and glucocorticosteroid may be a new direction for asthma.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the replantation of fingertip amputation in lack of availability of intravenous anastomosis.

METHODSFrom November 2009 to November 2010, 86 patients (104 fingers) with fingertip amputation were treated with replantatioin, including 64 males and 22 females, with an average age of 26 years ranging from 2 to 64 years. The time from injury to therapy was from 30 min to 12 h, time of broken finger ischemia was from 2.5 to 12 h. Preoperative examination showed no obvious abnormalities. Four different replantation methods were selectively applied to these 104 amputated fingertips of 86 cases: (1) replantation with anastomosis of single or bilateral proper digital artery in 37 fingers; (2) replantation with arteriovenous bypass in 27 fingers; (3) replantation with exclusive anastomosis of digital artery in 24 fingers; (4) replantation with removing the palmar pocket method in 16 fingers.

RESULTSOne hundred and two of 104 amputated fingertips were survived. Among these survived fingers,75 cases (92 fingers) were followed-up for 6 to 24 months. According to the assessment standard of Chinese Medical Association of Hand Surgery, the results were excellent in 52 cases, good in 19, poor in 4.

CONCLUSIONIt benefits to expand the indications and improve the survival rate of replantation of fingertip amputation with the correct choice of different replantation methods according to the injury situation of the broken fingertip artery after debridement under the microscope.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Amputation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Debridement ; Female ; Fingers ; physiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Replantation ; methods ; Young Adult

This study was to explore the expression of two subtype molecules of CD133 and its relationship with clinical prognostic factors in childhood with B linage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) at initial diagnosis and the 33rd day of induction chemotherapy. Expression of CD133-1 and CD133-2 in 48 cases of B-ALL and 25 cases at initial diagnosis and the 33rd day of treatment was detected by flow cytometry. Minimal residual disease (MRD) of B-ALL at 33rd day was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results indicated that the expression of CD133-1 was positive in 18 cases (37.5%), and expression of CD133-2 in 30 cases (62.5%) was positive from 48 cases with newly diagnosed ALL (P < 0.05). At 33rd day of treatment, expression of CD133-1 in 2 cases (8.0%) from 25 cases was positive, and expression of CD133-2 in 23 cases (92.0%) was positive (P < 0.05). After induction chemotherapy in B-ALL, the expression of CD133-1 decreased significantly, but still higher than that in the normal control group. Compared to expression of CD133-1, expression of CD133-2 decreased slowly. It is concluded that there is no relations among expression of CD133 and sex, age, white blood cell count, percentage of bone marrow blast cells, FAB subtype, cytogenetics, leukemia fusion gene, risk stratification and complete remission rate in childhood B-ALL. The positive expression rates and levels of CD133-2 are higher than those of CD133-1 in B-ALL. There is no statistical correlation between expression of CD133 and CD34 in B-ALL. The expression of CD133-2 is significantly related to the level of MRD.
AC133 Antigen ; Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Antigens, CD ; immunology ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Glycoproteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Peptides ; immunology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of APL cell resistance to ATRA.

METHODSThe ATRA sensitive and resistant APL cell lines, NB4 and NB4-R1, were used as in vitro models. The effects of specific inhibitors and activators of adenylate cyclase (AC) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) on ATRA-induced differentiation was evaluated by cell morphology, cell surface antigen expression and nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assays.

RESULTSSQ22536, a specific antagonist of AC, could dramatically block ATRA-induced NB4 cell differentiation. When ATRA + SQ22536 group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b decreased from (95.9 +/- 2.5)% to (60.3 +/- 7.1)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay decreased from 0.585 +/- 0.092 to 0.170 +/- 0.028 (P < 0.05). Forskolin, an agonist of AC, could overcome the resistance of NB4-R1 cells to ATRA. When ATRA + forskolin group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b increased from (34.3 +/- 5.3)% to (94.6 +/- 2.4)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay increased from 0.110 +/- 0.028 to 0.395 +/- 0.049 (P < 0.05). In contrast, the specific antagonist and agonist of PDE, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and calmodulin, exerted little impact on ATRA treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe defaults in the initiation of AC activation may contribute to the resistance to ATRA in some APL cells.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; CD11b Antigen ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

Thermodynamic parameters of complexation of naphto-15-crown-5 with four alkaline earth ions in aqueous media was determined using titration microcalorimetry at 298.15 K. The stability of the complexes, thermal effect and entropy effect of the complexation is discussed on the basis of the guest ions structure and the solvent effect. The stability constants tendency to vary with ion radius was interpreted. Complex of naphtha-15-crown-5 with calcium ion is very stable due to the synergism of static electric interaction and size selectivity between the host and the guest.
Calorimetry ; methods ; Crown Ethers ; chemistry ; Ions ; chemistry ; Macromolecular Substances ; analysis ; chemistry ; Metals, Alkaline Earth ; chemistry ; Microchemistry ; methods

To explore the molecular mechanisms of acute promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation induced by cAMP combined with low-dose As2O3, the PR9 cell line, which was stably transfected by PML-RARa fusion gene, was used as in vitro model. The effects of PML-RARa on cAMP-induced AML cell differentiation were evaluated according to cell growth, cell morphology, cell surface antigen as well as luciferase reporter gene assay, in the cells before and after the treatment with cAMP and/or As2O3. The results showed that cAMP alone could slightly increase the expression of CD11b in the PR9 cells expressing the PML-RARa fusion protein, but could not induce these cells to differentiate. The cells presented the terminal differentiation morphology and significantly increased CD11b expression only under the treatment of cAMP combined with As2O3. In addition, PML-RARa had strong inhibitory activity on the transcription of the reporter gene containing cAMP response elements. In conclusions, the PML-RARa fusion protein could dramatically block the signaling pathway of cAMP during the AML cell differentiation.
Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features and mutations of the FAH gene.

METHODClinical records of two cases were collected, and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes with QIAamp DNA Mini Kit. The DNA extracts were subjected to direct sequencing for 14 exons together with adjacent fragments of FAH gene using ABI Prism 3730 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) after PCR based on genomic DNA. The mutation source was verified by analyzing parents' exons corresponding to patients' mutation exons. The homology between human FAH enzyme and that of other species was surveyed using software Clustal X(European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Saffron Walde, UK). Polyphen (Polymorphism Phenotyping), available online, were used to predict possible impact of an amino acid substitution on structure and function of FAH enzyme. Polyphen calculates position-specific independent counts (PISC) scores for two amino acid variants in polymorphic position. A PISC scores that differ by > 2 were regarded as indicating the probability of damaging variants.

RESULTPatient 1 was a 5 months and 21 days-old boy who suffered from persistent diarrhea, hepatomegaly, ascites; Alpha-fetoprotein > 1210 µg/L, levels of tyrosine in blood and succinylacetone in urine were 110.8 µmol/L and 83.7 µmol/L. His sister suffered from tyrosinemia type 1. Direct sequencing showed a G to A transition in CDS position 455 and 1027. He was compound heterozygous for the mutation c.455G > A/c.1027G > A, which predicts a change from tryptophan to a stop codon (TGG > TAG) at position 152 (W152X) and a change from glycine to arginine (GGG > AGG) at position 343 respectively. Patient 2 was a 6 year and 1 month-old girl with late-onset rickets who had signs of hepatosplenomegaly, rachitic rosary, windswept knees. Hypophosphatemia and alkaline phosphatase 1620 IU/L were detected. Alpha-fetoprotein 412.8 µg/L, levels of tyrosine in blood and succinylacetone in urine were 835.8 µmol/L and 27.48 µmol/L. Rickets did not improve after administration of calcium and vitamine D3. She is homozygous for the mutation c.1027G > A/c.1027G > A, which predicts G343R. The parents were mutation carriers. Analysis by Clustal X on the alignment of amino acids residual reservation among different species showed that the locative amino acid was highly conserved. Polyphen software predicted G343R was probably damaging (PISC score 3.235).

CONCLUSIONChildren with tyrosinemia type 1 can have manifestations of persistent diarrhea or late-onset rickets. Physical examination can reveal hepatosplenomegaly, laboratory tests indicate markedly elevated serum concentration of alpha-fetoprotein and alkaline phosphatase in plasma and succinylacetone in urine, other members in family may have tyrosinemias or parents are consanguineous. Mutations c.455G > A and c.1027G > A can be detected in FAH gene of Chinese children.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; genetics ; Exons ; Female ; Heptanoates ; urine ; Humans ; Hydrolases ; genetics ; Infant ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rickets ; etiology ; genetics ; Tyrosine ; blood ; Tyrosinemias ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; analysis

Acute Disease ; Aged ; Cardiomyopathies ; etiology ; pathology ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Stress, Psychological ; complications

Objective:To investigate the influence of string-overalls-suture pancreaticojejunostomy on the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) .Methods:Clinical data of 70 cases receiving PD in the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2018 were retrospectively studied. All cases were divided into experimental group and control group according to the different ways of pancreaticojejunostomy. Patients in experimental group received string-overalls-suture pancreaticojejunostomy, and those in control group received pancreatic duct jejunal mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy. The 70 cases were performed by the same team. Operative time and the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:There was no statistical differences between the two groups in general data and intraoperative observations. The total operative time was (4.28±1.10) hours in the control group and (3.62±0.76) hours in the experimental group. It was significantly different between the two groups ( t=2.942, P=0.004) . There were 7 (28.0%) cases of POPF including 6 cases of grade B, and 1 case of grade C in the control group, and 3 (6.7%) cases of grade B in the experimental group. 6 (24.0%) cases had postoperative bleeding in the control group, 7 (15.6%) cases in the experimental group, 8 (32.0%) cases with abdominal infection in control group, and 8 (17.8%) cases in the experimental group. Delayed gastric emptying occurred in 3 (12.0%) cases in the control group, and 4 (8.9%) cases in the experimental group. It was significantly different for POPF between the two groups (χ 2=4.358, P=0.037) . And there were no significant differences for other postoperative complications between the two groups (all P>0.05) . Conclusion:The string-overalls-suture pancreaticojejunostomy has the advantages of simple and quick manipulation, wide indication, safe and reliable pancreaticojejunostomy, and has certain superiorities in shortening operation times and reducing POPF.