In 2010, Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee officially enacted Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). The Volume 1 of the pharmacopoeia is comprised of the medicinal materials and the decoction pieces, the essential oils and extracts of medicinal plants, prescription preparations and single preparation, etc., which not only provides Latin names of Chinese medicinal materials, also provided Latin names of the original medicinal plants to effectively control the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. In order to raise awareness of correctly citation and maintain the authority and standardization of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, this paper briefly describes abbreviations rules of authors' name of plant scientific name according to the 'International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, ICBN'. Through comparing with the rules of ICBN, 'Flora of China' (Chinese edition and English edition), and authority international plant catalogue databases, the authors made statistic and analysis of the non-standard cited authors' names phenomena of the original plant scientific names recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), and the revision suggestions are proposed.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Authorship ; China ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; classification ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacopoeias as Topic ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Reference Standards ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To establish an Apak gene stable and permanent knockout cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 system in human colon cancer cells ( HCT116 cells), and study the effect of Apak knock-out on p53 activity and apoptosis. Methods The lentiCRISPR v2-sgRNA Apak expression plasmid was co-transfected with lentivirus coated plasmids pSPAX2 and pMD2.G.The supernatant was collected, filtered, and used to infect HCT116 cells.The positive clones were screened out by puromycin culture and Western blot was used to detect Apak knockout cell lines.Luciferase reporter gene assay, flow cytometry analysis and colony formation assay were used to examine p53 activity and apoptosis of Apak knockout cells, respectively.Results Apak knockout HCT116 cell lines were generated in which p53 activity and apoptosis were increased,but the colony formation was decreased.Conclusion The Apak stable knockout cell lines of HCT116 are successfully generated by CRISPR/Cas9 system for further functional study.

Objective To explore the effect of community comprehensive rehabilitation on quality of life in patients with stroke sequelae under the family medical service mode. Methods From October, 2013 to October, 2014, 51 patients with stroke sequelae received compre-hensive rehabilitation intervention for three months, including rehabilitation training, rehabilitation guidance, health education and psycho-logical counseling. They were assessed with modified Barthel index (MBI), WHO-Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DASⅡ), Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), Brain Injury Community Rehabilitation Outcome Scales (BICRO-39), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after intervention. Results The scores of physical functionning, role physical, general health, mental health, social functioning and the total score in SF-36 increased after intervention (t>2.072, P<0.05). The scores of so-cial contact, locomotivity, self handling transaction ability and the total score in BICRO-39 decreased after intervention (t>2.434, P<0.05), as well as the scores of getting along with people, housework and society and participation in WHO-DAS II (t>2.507, P<0.05). Conclusion In the community health service, comprehensive rehabilitation guided by multidisciplinary rehabilitation team can facilitate to improve the quality of life in patients with stroke sequela.

Background:CpG island methylator phenotype(CIMP)involving tumor suppressor gene( TSG)on short arm of chromosome 3(chromosome 3p)has been found in various types of cancers. However,its correlation with gastric cancer has not been clarified. Aims:To study the clinical significance of CIMP involving TSG on chromosome 3p in gastric cancer. Methods:Methylation specific PCR(MSP)was used to examine methylation profiles for hOGG1,VHL,RAR-B, hMLH1,SEMA3B,RASSF1A,BLU and FHIT harbored in chromosome 3p in 100 gastric cancer and paired paracancerous tissues. High CIMP( CIMP-H)was referred for those samples having four or more synchronously methylated genes. Relationship between CIMP-H and clinicopathological characteristics in gastric cancer was analyzed. Results:Positive methylation rates of VHL(P = 0. 030),hMLH1(P < 0. 001),SEMA3B(P = 0. 003),RASSF1A(P < 0. 001)and FHIT(P < 0. 001)were significantly higher in gastric cancer tissue than in paracancerous tissue. Incidence of CIMP-H rate in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissue(44. 0% vs. 4. 0% ,P < 0. 001). CIMP-H was negatively correlated with degree of tumor differentiation(P = 0. 004),and positively correlated with lymph node metastasis(P = 0. 005),but not correlated with gender,age,tumor location,tumor size,depth of infiltration and TNM staging(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:CIMP on chromosome 3p may occur in early stage of oncogenesis of gastric cancer,and influencing tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis.

To elucidate the anti-depressive effect of Fufang Chaigui prescription and its mechanism and investigate its effect on neuroendocrine hormone, rats were included into a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model for 28 d, and drugs were administered at the same time. During the period, rats' behaviors were observed and the blood was collected by using ELISA to determine representative hormone concentrations of HPAA, HPTA and HPGA. The changes in endogenous metabolites were analyzed by using H NMR metabolomics to seek the potential biomarkers. Results showed Fufang Chaigui prescription could improve the behaviors of CUMS rats obviously, increase contents of ACTH, CORT, T₃and decrease contents of TSH and TESTO and regulate the levels of lactate, α-glucose, choline, N-acetylglycoprotein, trimethylamine oxide and leucine to get closer to the contents of control group. The results of correlation analysis indicated that HPTA was associated with glycometabolism, amino acid metabolism and choline metabolism. And HPAA was related to glycometabolism and amino acid metabolism. However, HPGA was only correlated with glycometabolism. In conclusion, Fufang Chaigui prescription could show an obvious anti-depressive effect and its underlying mechanism might involve regulations of neuroendocrine function and pathways of glycometabolism, amino acid metabolism and choline metabolism.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; Behavior, Animal ; Depression ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Neurosecretory Systems ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serum ; chemistry ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Yunpi Rougan Fang on serum and colon tissue serum serotonin(5-HT),vasoactive peptide(VIP)and substance P(SP)in constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome rats,to explore its possi-ble mechanism and relevance.METHODS 42 SPF Wistar rats,Six rats were randomly selected as normal group,the remai-ning 36 rats were modeled by ice water for 14 d,evaluation model,30 rats were randomly selected and randomly divided into Chinese medicine high,medium and low dose group,western medicine group,model control group,each group had 6 rats.The Chinese medicine low,middle and high dose groups were treated with 12.2,24.4,48.8 g/(kg·d),Mosapride group with moxapril suspension 1.35 mg/(kg·d)gavage,model control group and blank group were given equal amount of distilled water to fill the stomach.After 14 d,the levels of 5-HT,VIP and SP in the serum and the levels of 5-HT and VIP in the colon tissue were measured.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the expression of 5-HT and VIP in serum and colon tissue immu-nization in the model control group was increased significantly(P<0.01),the expression of SP in serum was decreased(P<0.05).Different doses can decrease the levels of serum 5-HT and VIP in C-IBS model rats(P<0.01),significantly increased the serum SP level(P<0.05).Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of 5-HT in colon tissue was signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05),and the expression of VIP was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Although the expression of each treatment group no significant difference(P >0.05),from the numerical changes,Yunpi Rougan Fang was superior to mosapride and showed dose-dependency.CONCLUSION Yunpi Rougan Fang can obviously improve the symptoms of constipation in C-IBS model rats,by reducing the expression of 5-HT and VIP,improving the expression of SP to regulate intestinal function,which plays a therapeutic role in C-IBS.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the efficacy on gait time cycle of ischemic stroke between yin-yang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique (yin-yang needling) and the conventional acupuncture.

METHODSSixty cases of ischemic stroke were randomized into a conventional acupuncture group and a yin-yang needling group, 30 cases in each one. The basic treatment (the control of blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid, the intravenous drops of ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection and vinpocetine injection) were applied in the two groups. Additionally, in the conventional acupuncture group, the acupoints of the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming [Biguan (ST 31), Liangqiu (ST 34), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Xiajuxu (ST 39), etc.] were selected and stimulated with the even needling technique. In the yin-yang needling group, the acupoints of yin meridians such as Zuwuli (LR 10), Xuehai (SP 10), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc. and the acupoints of yang meridians such as Biguan (ST 31), Liangqiu (ST 34) and Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc. were selected. The reducing manipulation of respiratory reinforcing and reducing technique was applied to the acupoints of yin meridians and the reinforcing manipulation was applied to the acupoints of yang meridians. The kinematics time parameters were determined and compared before and 4 weeks after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the differences in the gait cycle, the phase time of standing (%), the phase time of single support (%), the phase time of unilateral sway (%) on the affected (healthy) foot and phase time of double support (%) were significant as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all P < 0.05), in which, the gait cycle (1.75 +/- 0.21 vs 2.02 +/- 0.37), the phase time of standing (%) on the affected (healthy) foot [(65.41 +/- 5.20)% vs (68.37 +/- 6.24)%, (70.99 +/- 6.47)% vs (74.51 +/- 5.19)%], the phase time of unilateral sway (%) on the affected (healthy) foot [(36.08 +/- 4.86)% vs (33.65 +/- 2.94)%, (31.04 +/- 3.41)% vs (26.77 +/- 2.67)%] and the phase time of double support (%) [(36.91 +/- 5.10)% vs (41.22 +/- 5.39)%] in the yin-yang needling group were improved much obviously after treatment as compared with those in the conventional acupuncture group. The differences in support phase time (%), single support phase time (%) and sway phase time (%) were significant between the affected limb and healthy limb of the two groups after treatment (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONYin-yang respiratory reinforcing and reducing needling technique effectively improves hemiplegic gait movement cycle and walking function in patients of ischemic stroke, which is superior to the conventional acupuncture treatment.

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Aged ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Time Factors ; Yin-Yang

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of chitosan on the biological activities of the fibroblasts derived from different tissues.

METHODSThe biological activities of the fibroblasts derived from different tissues were evaluated with a MTT method for fibroblast proliferation, photic and electronic microscope for morphologic and subcellular structure, 3H-proline uptake method for collagen secretion and ELISA box for the secretion of TGF-beta 1, FGF-AB, and IL-8.

RESULTSThis study showed that the chitosan inhabited the proliferation of the fibroblasts and the secretion of the TGF-beta 1, FGF-AB and collagen of the fibroblasts with a dose-depended manner in the normal skin, hypertrophic scar and keloid groups, but it stimulated the IL-8. However, there were no significant differences among the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe chitosan could inhibit the growth, proliferation, biosynthesis and secretion of the fibroblasts, and it may be used to treat different scars.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Chitosan ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; secretion ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Hemostatics ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; secretion ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Peptide Fragments ; secretion ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; secretion

OBJECTIVETo study the roles of type II 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD2) and it's signaling factors in the lung tissue in pathogenesis of persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in neonatal rats.

METHODSSix Sprague-Dawley rats on the 19th day of pregnancy were randomly divided into PPH and control groups (n=3 each). The PPH group was intraperitoneally injected with indomethacin (0.5 mg/kg) twice daily and exposed in 12% oxygen for three days, in order to prepare a fetal rat model of PPH. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with an equal volume of normal saline and exposed to air. Neonatal rats were born by caesarean section from both groups on the 22nd day of pregnancy. In each group, 15 neonatal rats were randomly selected and sacrificed. 11β-HSD2 expression in the lung tissue of neonatal rats were observed by Confocal laser technology, and serum cortisol levels and prostacyclin, renin, angiotensin and aldosterone in the lung tissue of both groups were measured using ELISA.

RESULTS11β-HSD2 protein was widely expressed in the lung tissue of the control and PPH groups. The levels of 11β-HSD2 and prostacyclin in the lung tissue were lower in the PPH group than in the control group, while serum cortisol levels and renin, angiotensin and aldosterone in the lung tissue were higher in the PPH group than in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS11β-HSD2 and it's signaling factors play roles in pathogenesis of PPH in neonatal rats.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 ; analysis ; physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Female ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; enzymology ; etiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction

This study was aimed to explore the role and mechanism of AML1a in abnormal hematopoiesis in mice. Plasmids pMSCV-FLAG-AML1a-IRES-YFP and pMSCV-IRES-YFP together with envelope-encoding plasmid pECO and packaging plasmid pGP were respectively transfected into 293T cells by using a method of calcium phosphate precipitation to produce retrovirus. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from male C57BL/6J mice were transfected with the retroviral vector MSCV expressing FLAG-AML1a fusion protein and yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). The cells were cultured in M3434 semi-solid medium for colony formation assay and in M5300 fluid medium containing murine IL-3 (mIL-3), IL-6 (mIL-6) and SCF (mSCF) for long-term culture. The results showed that transfection of AML1a into BMMNC enhanced colony formation, colony size of the AML1a group was significantly larger than that of the control group, and the colonies were mainly composed of CFU-E and CFU-GEMM. In the long-term culture, AML1a-transfected BMMNC showed differentiation block, while the control cells were in a more mature stage. It is concluded that AML1a may block the normal hematopoiesis at the stage of primitive progenitors. At the same time, AML1a also enhances the proliferation activity of primitive progenitor cells.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Retroviridae ; genetics ; Transfection