Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 64 multidetector-row CT angiography for internal carotid artery(ICA)stenosis and the application in the follow-up of carotid endarterectomy and percutaneous transluminal stenting.Methods Forty transient ischemie attack(TIA)patients with interpretable CTA and DSA of the cervical carotid arteries were selected from May 2005 to December 2005. This yielded a total of 80 vessels.The CTA curved planar reformations(CPR)and DSA images referenced to the distal cervical internal carotid were graded by two senior neuroradiologists blindly,according to the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial(NASCET)guidelines.The paired-t test was used to verify the statistical significant difference between pre-operating and post-operating of carotid endarterectomy or percutaneous transluminal stenting in measuring the vascular diameter and area of cross section using CTA.Results When the 70% stenosis was used as the cut-off value,the seasitivity,specificity,negative predictive value,and the positive predicting value were 97%,95%,95%,and 98%,respectively.There was statistically significant difference in measuring the vascular diameter(P

Objective To investigate the relationships between genetic polymorphism of CYP2A6 alone or in combination with smoking and hereditary susceptibility to bladder cancer.Methods Based on case-control study,CYP2A6*4 was determined by the nested polymerase chianreaction(nPCR)in 186 patients with bladder cancer and 192 nontumorous controls.The relations between the genetypes of CYP2A6*4 alone or combinated with smoking and bladder cancer was estimated with the X2 test and logistic regression model.Results In the case subjects,the number of the wil/wil genetype was 168,the number of the wil/del genetype was 13,and the number of the del/del genetype was 5.In the control subjects,the number of the wil/wil genetype was 150,the number of the wil/del genetype was 32,and the number of the del/del genetype was 10.The frequency of CYP2A6 del allele was significantly lower in the case Subjects(9.68%)than the controls(21.88%,P＜0.05,OR:0.383).When eombinated with smoking,the risk of bladder cancer in smokers was significantly higher than nonsmoker(P＜0.05,OR=2.322).In smokers,the frequency of CYP2A6 del allele was significantly lower in cases(7.88%)than controls(28.00%,P＜0.05,OR=0.221).In smoking people,the one with CYP2A6 del genotype had a lower risk of bladder cancer than the one with CYP2A6 wild genotype(OR=0.221,95%CI:0.092,0.534).Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2A6 are associated with the susceptibility to bladder cancer and have interaction with smoking in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer.Deficient CYP2A6 activity to genetic polymorphism mayreduee bladder cancer risk in smokers.

Objective To evaluate the structure and stiffness of the common carotid artery (CCA) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) by RFQIMT and RFQAS technology and analyze the relationships between the parameters of CCA and cardiovascular risk factors.Methods 113 participants with habitual snoring suspected OSAS were divided into control group,mild,moderate and severe OSAS groups according to apnea hypopnea index(AHI)＜5,5-20,20-40,＞40 event/hour respectively.Carotid parameters included intima-media thickness (IMT),diameter (D),distension (Dis),distensibility coefficient (DC),compliance coefficient (CC),pulse wave velocity (PWV),stiffness index α and β were collected by RFQIMT and RFQAS.Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationships between CCA parameters and cardiovascular risk factors.Results ①The clinical characteristics:blood pressure had significant difference among the four groups (P ＜0.05).SO2,SO2 min decreased and T90,ODI increased significantly in mild,moderate and severe group (P ＜0.05).②The structure parameters of CCA:IMT,D and plaques had no significant difference among the four groups (P ＞0.05).③The elasticity parameters of CCA:Compared with control group,Dis increased significantly in mild group (P ＜0.05).PWV,α,β increased significantly in moderate group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with mild group,PWV,α,β increased significantly in moderate group (P ＜0.05).Compared with moderate group,α,β increased significantly in severe group (P ＜0.05).④By multivariate linear regression analysis,age was an independent predictor of IMT,Dis,D,CC,PWV,α,β(P ＜0.05).A blunted nocturnal fall was an independent predictor of D,DC,CC,PWV (P ＜0.05),SBP,DBP and PP of daytime had an important effect on D (P ＜0.05).SO2 was independently correlated with PWV (P ＜0.05).PP was an independent predictor of PWV,α,β (P ＜0.05).Smoking was an independent predictor of plaque (P ＜0.05).Conclusions ①Stiffness is damaged earlier than morphology of CCA in patient with OSAS.②PP,a blunted nocturnal fall and SO2 are correlated with stiffness of CCA significantly.It indicates that abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm and hypoxia are associated significantly with stiffness of CCA in patient with OSAS.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of intramyocardial controlled releasing base fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) stent combined with transplanting bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in porcine acute myocardial infarction (AMI) models. Methods Eighteen porcines were divided into three groups (each n=6):transmyocardial revascularization (TMR)+naked stent (control group), TMR+b-FGF stent (b-FGF group) and TMR+b-FGF stent+BM-MSCs (b-FGF+BM-MSCs group). Acute myocardial infarction models were induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery in 18 porcine. In the control and b-FGF group, naked stents, b-FGF stents and b-FGF stent+BM-MSCs were implanted into TMR channels in the infarct and border zone. ~(99m)Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) myocardial perfusion imaging were performed to evaluate changes in myocardial blood flow, and echocardiography and immunohistochemical studies were also performed. Results After 6 weeks, the quality of myocardial infarction, fractional shortening, neovascular density in b-FGF and b-FGF stent+BM-MSCs group were higher than those of control gruop (P<0.05), and in b-FGF stent+BM-MSCs group was higher than those in b-FGF group (P<0.05). Conclusion BM-MSCs combined with controlled releasing intramyocardial b-FGF stent can improve the flow of myocardial infarction area, promote angiogenesis and heart function, and the therapeutic effect which can be evaluated with myocardial SPECT imaging.

Objective To study the relationship between cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) polymor phisms and the susceptibility of bladder cancer.Methods Polymerase chain reaction restricted frag ments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and the primer introduced restriction analysis (PIRA-PCR)assay were used to genotype the COX-2-765G/C, 1195G/A and 8473T/C polymorphisms in a case control study of 180 bladder cancer cases and 180 cancer free controls in a Chinese population.Re stilts The distribution of the genotype frequencies of 765G/C and 1195G/A were not statisticallydifferent between the cases and controls (P=0.582 for-765G/C and P=0.270 for-1195G/A).Poly morphisms of COX 2-8473T/C were associated with the susceptibility to bladder cancer.The individ uals with the 8473C allele had a decreased risk of bladder cancer (OR=0.56,95% CI=0.35 0.88).Conclusions Polymorphisms of COX-2-765G/C and-1195G/A are not associated with the suscepti bility to bladder cancer.However,COX-2-8473T/C can reduce the risk of bladder cancer.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of α7 ( α7 AChR) agonist nicotine on regulating sensitivity of regular chemotherapeutic agent in cholangiocarcinoma cells,and explore the possible target.MethodsThe effect of nicotine and α-BTX pretreatment on the survival ability of cholangiocarcinoma cells was investigated when applied with 5-FU by using MTT and Flat cloning formation experiment.ResultsApplied with 5-FU,in various con centrations nicotine stimulating group( 10-3 g/L,10-4 g/L,10-5 g/L ),the survive rate of QBC939 was 128％,124％,118％,while that in α-BTX stimulating group and combined stimulation group was 92％,94％,93％,92％,respectively.The cloning formation ability of nicotine- stimulating group (6.2 ± 0.40) was significantly higher than α- BTX stimulating group (3.2 ± 0.20 ),combined stimulation group ( 3.2 ± 0.20 ) and control group ( 3.4 ±0.33).ConclusionNicotine can prevent chemotherapy-induced apoptosis,and improve cholangiocarcinoma cell survival via α7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor in vitro.

There have been very few studies on the effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in inhibiting apoptosis in myocardial ischemial injury caused by coronary heart disease. In this experiment, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with-Xuefu Zhuyu decoction were used to intervene the miniature swine phlegm and blood stasis type coronary heart disease model, in order to observe the effect of the combined prescription on the myocardial apoptosis and the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 in the model. Totally 15 Chinese experimental miniature swine were adopted and randomly divided into the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group. The model group and the stasis-treating group were fed with high fat diets for two weeks, intervened with the coronary artery injury and then given drugs and high fat diets for eight weeks. The control group was fed with ordinary diets for 10 weeks, without the coronary artery injury. After the experiment, myocardia at the juncture of infracted areas were collected and made into formalin-fixed paraffin sections. The TDT-mediate dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect the myocardial apoptosis. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was applied to detect Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 levels in myocardial tissues. According to the findings, the apoptosis indexes (AI) for the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group were 0.92%, 27.68%, 17.28%, respectively. The AI of the phlegm and stasis-treating group was significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the phlegm and stasis-treating group showed significantly higher Bcl-2 protein expression (P < 0.01) and lower Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein expressions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction have a significant protective effect against the myocardial apoptosis in miniature swine phlegm and blood stasis type coronary heart disease model.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis

Objective To summarize the clinical features,neuroimaging findings and pathological characteristics of demyelinating pseudotumors(DPT)of the brain,and to differentiate it from glioma. Methods The clinical features,neuroimaging findings and pathological characteristics of 35 patients with demyelinating pseudotumors of the brain were summarized,and the diagnosis for 18 of them was confirmed by bioscopy.Results Demyelinating pseudotumors affected adults of both sexes.The onset age of patients ranged from 9 to 69 years old.There was no definite antecedent,and the clinical syndromes were atypical. Neuroimaging scans showed multiple lesions in cerebral hemisphere,while the lesion in brain stem and spinal cord was single.The symptom and neuroimaging were not parallel.While with many or large lesions, the symptoms and signs were less.The lesions were not enhanced on CT scan,but appeared round or patch enhancement on MRI scan.Nine patients with DWI all appeared high density.The myelin basic protein was useful for diagnosis.The typical pathological changes were demyelination,perivascular inflammatory infiltration and reactive gliosis.The Creutzfeuldt cells were also found in these patients.The lesions might become small or disappear after treatment,but could not serve as the criterion to exclude brain neoplasm. Conclusions DPT is a distinct demyelination disease entity,which is confusable with brain neoplasm.It is difficult to distinguish DPT from brain neoplasm with the clinical features and conventional neuroimaging scan.But DWI scan is useful.The pathological changes accord with demyelination,and Creutzfeuldt cells are also found.It is important to apply corticosteroid treatment or biopsy rather than being anxious to excise the lesions.

Objective To identify genes differentially expressed in the window of implantation and explore the molecular basis of the development of endometrial receptivity.Methods A subtracted cDNA library of the window of implantation was constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) method.The screened clones of the subtracted library were sequenced and GenBank homology search was performed.The differential expression of ribosomal protein(RP)L7,RPL7 pseudogene(RPL7p),RPL19 and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta polypeptide(YWHAZ) were further confirmed by RT-PCR.Results After sequencing and GenBank homology search of 50 clones, 35 differentially expressed genes were detected in the window of implantation,of which 23 were known genes,and 12 were unknown genes.Some of the known genes have been proved to be associated with implantation,while others were firstly screened out by us.The results of RT-PCR confirmed that RPL7, RPL7p,RPL19 and YWHAZ were highly expressed in the window of implantation,0.75?0.21,1.72? 0.30,1.23?0.31,and 1.28?0.08,respectively.Conclusions SSH is a useful technique to detect differential expression genes and an effective method to clone novel genes.It provides a new method to investigate the molecular basis of the development of endometrial receptivity.

Objective To study a simple effecfiue and minimally in vasihe mefhool for laparoscopyic inguinal hernias in children. Methods Internal inguinal ring was explored with needle-laparoscopy (2 7mm laparoscope,30 degrees).The hernial sac was cauferiled by electrocoagulation and the internal inguinal ring cauterization with Endoclose. Results The technique was applied in 102 children 10 months to 14 years with an average,5 6 years and 118 internal inguinal rings.one case had recurrence three weeks after operation,The others had no recurrence and postoperative discomfort.The longest follw-up period was 46 months (3-46M).Hematomol around the spermafic cord was seen,which was cansed by cuffing of sman blood vessels around the spermati cord.postoperative scrotum hydrocele,appcared in 8 cases who gradually recovered after 5-8 days and no death happeneda. Conclusions Laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy by Endoclose has the advantages less postoperative discomfort and pain,reduced recovery time that allows earlier full activity,easier repair of a recurrent hernia,the ability to treat bilateral hernias concurrently,ligation of the hernia sac at the highest possible site,improved cosmesis,and decreased incidence of recurrence,and the operation is safe.