AIM: To study the visual quality, dry eye and biomechanical stability of patients with myopia and astigmatism after different corneal refractive surgeries. ·METHODS: A total of 986 patients with myopia and astigmatism were selected as the research object in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2016, according to the operation mode of the selection of the research object, the 986 patients were randomly divided into small incision lenticule extraction ( SMILE) group, femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis ( FS-LASIK ) group, sub-bowman-keratomileusis ( SBK ) group and laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) group. The postoperative visual quality was determined by comparing the diopter, uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) and high-order image difference of 25d, 90d. The postoperative dry eye condition was determined by comparing the postoperative tear secretion test ( Schirmer Ⅰ test ) , tear film rupture time ( BUT ) and fluorescence staining ( FS) . The biomechanical stability of the patients was determined by comparing the corneal hysteresis ( CH ) and corneal resistance factor ( CRF ) values of the four groups. ·RESULTS: The diopter, UCVA, BCVA and high-order aberration comparison of FS-LASIK group, SBK group and LASIK group between before and after surgery, showed no significant difference ( P>0. 05 ); on diopter, BCVA, UCVA, there was no significant difference between before and after surgery in SMILE group (P>0. 05), but statistical significance difference on high order aberration (P<0. 05). The BUT and FS value of the four groups decreased obviously after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). In LASIK group SIt after operation significantly decreased, with statistically significant compared with that before operation ( P <0. 05). After operation, CH and CRF of the four groups decreased with significant differences (P<0. 05). ·CONCLUSION: SMILE, FS-LASIK, SBK and LASIK are equally safe, effective and stable in the treatment of myopia and astigmatism.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Catfishes ; Ciguatera Poisoning ; Eggs ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

?AIM:To investigate the correlation between dry eye and different degrees of diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) in type 2 diabetic patients.?METHODS: In the cross-sectional study, 340 patients (340 eyes) with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Tear film function tests including tear meniscus height, tear film breakup time ( BUT ) , fluorescein staining, Schirmer Ⅰtest were performed followed by surveying questionnaires about dry eye. Retinal status was evaluated by retinal color photography and indirect ophthalmoscopy exam with dilated pupils to evaluate DR and whether companied by macular edema.?RESULTS:The prevalence of dry eye was 49. 41%. The mean duration of diabetes in patients with dry eye was 11.15±7.07a, while 6.92±5.45a without dry eye(P<0.01). Dry eye had the positive correlation to the development of DR. The incidence of dry eye in people with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR ) , moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was 1. 097 times, 1. 724 times, 2. 86 times and 5. 43 times respectively, compared with people without DR. The occurrence of dry eye in people with macular edema increased by 3. 697 times compared with people without macular edema.?CONCLUSION: Dry eye was more prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes. The incidence of dry eye increased gradually with the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperthyroidism on the electrophysiological characteristics of atrium and gap junction between atrium and pulmonary vein.Methods Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into control group and hyperthyroid group.Atrium and pulmonary vein were dissected after the atrial effective refractory period (AERP)was measured.Connexin 43(Cx43)and Counexin 40(Cx40)protein and mRNA were determined by Western blot and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Results In comparison with control group,AERP and rate adaption of AERP in hyperthyroid group were significantly shorter than that of control group( P＜0.01).The concentration of Cx43 protein in hyperthyroid group was significantly higher than that of control group,but Cx40 protein was significantly lower than that of control group(P＜0.05).The expression of Cx43 mRNA in atrium and pulmonary vein was found to be up-regulated in hyperthyroid group as compared with that of control group(P＜0.01). With the level of Cx40 mRNA,there was no significant difference between two groups.Conclusion Thyroid hormone could lead to remodeling of both atrial electrophysiology and gap junction between atrium and pulmonary vein.

Objective:To investigate the effects of estradiol on ~(60)Co?-ray induced apoptosis of bone marrow hematopoietic cells of mice,and to discuss the related anti-irradiation mechanism.Methods:KM mice were randomly divided into 3 groups(15 mice/each group):control group(without radiation),pure radiation group and estradiol+radiation group(ER group).The pure radiation group was irradiated by 4.0 Gy?-ray at a dose rate of 1.15Gy/min;the ER group was administered with 0.1 mg estradiol(IM)at 10 days before 4.0 Gy?-ray radiation;and the control group received no special treatment.The apoptotic DNA segments of bone marrow hematopoietic cells were analyzed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis;flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis rate of cells and expression of Fas and Bcl-2 at 4 h,8 h,and 12 h after irradiation.Results:Eight hours after radiation,the apoptotic DNA segments were obviously increased and apoptotic DNA ladder appeared,which was not seen in the other 2 groups.The apoptosis rate of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in ER group was significantly lower than that in the pure radiation group at 4,8,and 12 h after irradiation(P

Objective To explore the relationship between the degree of intraplaque neovascularization in carotid artery and the level of serum homocysteine.Methods Contrast-enhanced ultrasound were performed on 72 carotid atherosclerotic plaques of 48 patients.Contrast-enhancement within the plaque was categorizde as grade 1 to grade 3.The level of serum homocysteine were detected in the fasting state during the same period.Results According to the degree of contrast enhancement(grade 1 to 3),patients were divided into 3 groups.The more new vessels in plaque,the higher the level of homocysteine.The levels of homocysteine in three groups increased in turn.There were distinct differences among the three groups(F =18.49,P ＜0.05),and there was significant difference between every two groups (P ＜0.05).The linear correlation analysis showed that the level of homocysteine was positively correlated with the degree of carotid plaque enhancement (r =0.66,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Contrastenhanced ultrasonography could semi-quantitate new vessles in plaque.There was positive correlation between the degree of intraplaque neovascularization with the level of serum homocysteine.Combine with the level of serum homocysteine based on intraplaque neovascularization detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound,the plaque stability could be more accurately evaluated.

To investigate the biological role of snake venom cystatin(sv-cystatin) in tumor progression, the cDNA of sv-cystatin amplified by PCR from pUC18-cystatin plasmid was cloned into methanol-inducible expression vector pPICZ?A. The linearized recombinant plasmid pPICZ?A-cystatin was transfered into Pichia pastoris, strain GS115 by electrophoration. Transfermants with phenotype Mut+ selected were identified by PCR analysis and induced in 1.0% methanol. The reombinant sv-cystatin protein was examined by SDS-PAGE, Western blot analysis. The molecular mass of expression product was about 14 kDa and approximately 16 mg/L of recombinant sv-cystatin was produced from one of GS115-cystatin transformants. The chromatography purified protein could reduce the activity of papain. The ability of B16F1 cells treated with recombinant sv-cystatin to invade the reconstituted basement membrane decreased significantly (P

Objective To explore the distribution rule of metastatic lymph node in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods 315 histopathologically proved NPC patients were studied retrospectively.All patients had had their nasopharynx scanned by MRI with plain and contrast enhanced sequences.The distribution of lymph node was divided into six cervical levels plus retro- pharyngeal nodes(RN) according to RTOG guidelines proposed in 2003.Results 254 out of 315 patients (80.6%) had lymph node involvement,with 81 in the right neck alone,72 left neck alone,and 101 both necks;73 in RN alone,21 neck node alone,and 160 both necks and RN node.Skip metastasis was found in only 4 patients (1.6%).There was significant difference in BN metastasis between the primary tumor be- ing located merely on the superior/posterior wall and lateral wall (78% vs 49%,P＜0.01).The incidence of lymph node metastasis in T1,T2,T3 and T4 patients was 73.5%,91.2%,71.9%,73.5% (P＞0.05), respectively,without significant difference between early or advanced T stage in node distribution (P＞0.05).Conclusions The incidence of lymph node metastasis is high in nasopharyngeal carcinoma,with retropharyngeal node being the most commonly involved,but the incidence of skip metastasis is very low. There is no significant difference between T stage and the incidence of lymph node metastasis.So is the dis- tribution of metastatic node.

Objective To develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)system to determine transcriptional level of MexAB-OprM multidrug efflux pump gene and to investigate the impact of androgra- pholide on MexAB-OprM gene transcription in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods The fragments of mexB gene of mexAB-oprM operon and 30S rRNA gene rpsL were amplified and cloned into two plas- mids respectively.These plasmids were used as external standards for real-time PCR.Real-time PCR was applied to measure the mRNA transcripition of mexB and rpsL gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa growing in medium with different concentrations of andrographolide.Results The plasmids for standard curve were constructed successfully.The relative mexB mRNA expressions in 50,100,150 and 200?g/mL andrographolide were 0.04?0.03,0.06?0.07,0.09?0.03 and 0.04?0.03 respectively, which were significantly lower than that in the control(0.24?0.04,P0.05).Conclusion Andrographolide can reduce the transcriptional level of MexAB-OprM,which may he one mechanism for its anti-infection effect.

Objective:To explore the influence of ischemia/reperfusion (anoxia/reoxygenation)[FK(W16*2。142mmZQ1mm]on immunofunction of endothelial cells(ECs) and effect of intervention with 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine on it.Methods:Model of ECs induced by anoxia/reoxygenation was established to mimic ECs ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo with human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV304.Then 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyraxine was used to intervene the anoxia/reoxygenation process.Nuclear transcriptional factor-?B(NF-?B) was exhibited by fluorescent staining,HLA-ABC,HLA-DR,CD86 and CD54 were detected by flow cytometry.Mixed endothelial cell-lymphocyte reaction(MELR) was conducted to examine the proliferation of lymphocyte,production of IL-2 and percentage of apoptotic lymphocyte.Results:Anoxia/reoxygenation made the ECV304 cell became round,shrunk and abscised,with increased plasma NF-?B,and changed from positive cytoplasm to positive nucleus.HLA-ABC,HLA-DR and CD86 on surface of cells increased but CD54 showed unchanged.MELR showed the incorporation of ~3H-TdR and production of IL-2 increased significantly and the percentage of apoptotic lymphocyte decreased.After 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine intervention,the ECV304 cell shapes recovered,NF-?B expression didn’t down-regulated,but the percentage of positive cells decreased,changes to positve dominant.Besides,reversal changes were shown in other parameters.Conclusion:Anoxia/reoxygenation influences some important immune related molecules in ECV304 cells.2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine could antagonize these influences to maintain the immune function of endothelial cells in a relative normal manner.