Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective To develop a biological safety protection third-level(BSL-3)laboratory based on folding-modular shelters to solve the problems of the existing laboratories in space and function expansion,large-scale deployment and low-cost transportation.Methods The BSL-3 laboratory was composed of a folding combined shelter module,a ventilation and purification module,a power supply and distribution module,a monitoring and communication module,a control system module and an equipment module.The folding combined shelter module used a leveling base frame as the foundation and a lightweight panel as the enclosure mechanism,and was divided into an auxiliary area and a protection protected area;the ventilation and purification module was made up of an air supply unit and an air exhaust unit,the air supply unit was integrated with a fresh-air air conditioner and the exhaust unit was equipped with a main fan,a standby fan and a bag in/bag out filter;the control system module adopted a supervision mode of decentralized control and centralized management,which executed communication with the data server as the center and Profinet protocol and MODBUS-TCP.Results The BSL-3 laboratory proved to meet the requirements of relevant standards in internal microenvironment,airflow direction,airtightness,working condition and disinfection effect.Conclusion The BSL-3 laboratory is compatible with large-scale transport and deployment and facilitates reliable and safe experiments for epidemic prevention and control and cross-regional support.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):41-46]

【Objective】 To explore effective ways to mobilize more blood donors to become voluntary donors of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), so as to increase the HSCs supply in China. 【Methods】 Two scales(the information scale and the control scale) with the same items were designed and both included questions concerning the knowledge of HSCs donation and the level of demand. The information scale indicated the correct answer to these questions, while the control scale did not. A total of 3 000 blood donors in Guangzhou were randomly assigned into the intervention group (n=1 500, filled in the information scale) and the control group (n=1 500, filled in the control scale). 【Results】 Blood donors who filled in the informational scale expressed a higher intention to become HSCs volunteers (MInformation =4.32, SD=0.87; MControl=4.02, SD=0.93, t(529)=3.87, P<0.001). Altruism and perceived need (the degree of HSCs demands) were the moderators of grouping and intention, that is, the information scale made blood donors, with stronger altruism and higher perceived need, more willing to become stem cell volunteers. Perceived risk (the negative impact of HSCs donation on health) was a partial mediator of grouping and intention. The information scale reduced blood donors' anxiety about the risk of HSCs donation, and promoted their intention to become HSCs volunteers. 【Conclusion】 This study proved that the informational scale can effectively mobilize blood donors to become HSCs volunteers.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) strategies in COVID-19 patients differ from those in patients suffering from cardiogenic cardiac arrest. During CPR, both healthcare and non-healthcare workers who provide resuscitation are at risk of infection. The Working Group for Expert Consensus on Prevention and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest in COVID-19 has developed this Chinese Expert Consensus to guide clinical practice of CPR in COVID-19 patients. Main recommendations: 1) A medical team should be assigned to evaluate severe and critical COVID-19 for early monitoring of cardiac-arrest warning signs. 2) Psychological counseling and treatment are highly recommended, since sympathetic and vagal abnormalities induced by psychological stress from the COVID-19 pandemic can induce cardiac arrest. 3) Healthcare workers should wear personal protective equipment (PPE). 4) Mouth-to-mouth ventilation should be avoided on patients suspected of having or diagnosed with COVID-19. 5) Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression are recommended. 6) Tracheal-intubation procedures should be optimized and tracheal-intubation strategies should be implemented early. 7) CPR should be provided for 20-30 min. 8) Various factors should be taken into consideration such as the interests of patients and family members, ethics, transmission risks, and laws and regulations governing infectious disease control. Changes in management: The following changes or modifications to CPR strategy in COVID-19 patients are proposed: 1) Healthcare workers should wear PPE. 2) Hands-only chest compression and mechanical chest compression can be implemented to reduce or avoid the spread of viruses by aerosols. 3) Both the benefits to patients and the risk of infection should be considered. 4) Hhealthcare workers should be fully aware of and trained in CPR strategies and procedures specifically for patients with COVID-19.

In spite of no homology in sequences‚ Vip3A and Cry1Ia toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) share common characteristics‚ such as translocation across cell membranes after synthesis at the early stage of sporulation. The aim of the present study was to compare the regulation patterns and activities of the promoters of vip3A (P

Objective::This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of Yuehua capsule serum for autophagy of macrophages infected with multi-drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. Method::The rats were undertaken intragastric gavage with Yuehua capsule by 3.02 g·kg^-1 once a day which was produced through low temperature condensation drying method. After 7 days, blood of abdominal aorta of rats was collected to prepare Yuehua capsule serum. RAW264.7 andmultidrug resistant tuberculosis were cultured in vitro.According to cell counting kit-8(CCK-8), 10% drug-containing serum was considered as the effective concentration. The cultured cells were divided into four groups: model groups(10% fetal bovine serum). Yuehua capsule serum(10% Yuehua capsule serum). Autophagy inhibitor group+ 3-MA+ Yuehua capsule medicated serum(3-MA+ 10% Yuehua capsule serum). Rapamycin (Rap) positive control group(200 mg·L^-1 Rap+ 10% Yuehua capsule serum). Except for the normal group, the cells of each group were cultured for 24 h and infected for 4 h according to cell-bacteria 1∶10.Testing index: observation of autophagosomes under transmission electron microscope, the test of expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain-3Ⅱ(LC-3Ⅱ), microtubule-associated protein LC 3-Ⅱ/microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-Ⅰ(LC3-Ⅰ) and Beclin-1 with Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence staining for LC3B, and mRNA of Beclin-1 as well as LC3 with real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR). Result::Compared with normal group, model group did not see autophagy body cells, cells in the LC-3 Ⅱ, LC-3 Ⅱ/LC-3 Ⅰ, Beclin-1 protein and LC3, Beclin-1 mRNA gene expression level had no significant change, the cells without fluorescent particles, spots, no fluorescence intensity.Compared with model group, Yuehua capsules serum group and Rap positive control group can be observed the formation of phage, mRNA andprotein expression levelof LC-3 Ⅱ, LC-3 Ⅱ/LC-3 Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and LC3, Beclin-1 were significantly increased (P<0.05). Autophagy inhibitor group+ 3-MA+ Yuehua capsule medicated serum did not see autophagy, the mRNA and protein expression level of LC-3 Ⅱ, LC-3Ⅱ/LC-3Ⅰ, Beclin-1 and LC3, Beclin-1 were no significantly increased. Conclusion::Yuehua capsule medicated serum could induce autophagy of macrophages of RAW264.7.The mechanism was probably accomplished through regulating the expression level of autophagy key protein LC3, autophagosome mature protein Beclin-1 and relevant gene, meanwhile the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-Ⅱ was accelerated.