Mutagenicity Tests ; methods ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; adverse effects

Objective To discuss the femoral neck anteversion(FNA) of developmental dislocation of the hip(DDH) and guide operation with visual and digitalized picture in the dimensional(3D) CT.Methods Ninety children with unilateral DDH were selected,and they were analyzed using 3D CT.Children whose FNA exceed 45 degree received the subtrochanter osteotomy with images from different direction,FNA of hip was measured respectively before and after operation and was measured in normal and abnormal hips respectively,FNA of hip received respectively statistical treatment.Ninety patients (90 hips) were followed up ranging from 3 months to 2 years with the mean of 13 months.Results In the group younger than 18 months,the FNA whose in normal hips was(19.40?3.512)degree,the FNA while(68.45?12.272)degree in dysplasia hips respectively,the FNA measured after operation was (20.45?2.940) degree;in the group elder than 6 years,there were significantly statistical differences,the FNA in normal hips was(19.44?3.561)degree,in dysplasia hips respectively was(73.49?12.678)degree,while the FNA measured after operation was(18.28?1.931)degree.Clinical assessment was performed according to Mckay′s classification.The results showed that the overall excellent or good rate was 95.6%.Conclusions 3D CT method is a new accurate and convenient and reduplicative method for measuring FNA.It will be more helpful for related operations when 3D images are considered.

OBJECTIVETo study the template design of tissue flaps for covering auricular cage in order to acquire accurate and reliable design method.

METHODSBy the theory of engineering drawing and three-dimensional measuring on CT image, three dimensional configuration of 40 auricular surfaces were expanded approximately, and the character of them was analysed for the template design.

RESULTSIt is similar of the expanded graphs of auricular surface three dimensional configuration in healthy persons, and simplified template of tissue flaps is drawn based on the key points of the above graph.

CONCLUSIONSCT three-dimensional measurement of auricular surface configuration can be used to design the template of tissue flaps for covering auricular cage, and can provide accurate and reliable template of tissue flaps for clinics.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Ear, External ; surgery ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Tissue Transplantation ; Young Adult

Background:Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies,and intestinal-type GC is the main histopathologic type of GC in China.We previously reported that casein kinase 2 interacting protein 1 (CKIP-1) acts as a candidate tumor suppressor in intestinal-type GC.CKIP-1 participates in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways,including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,of which caudal-related homeobox 1 (CDX1) may be a downstream target gene.The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between CKIP-1 and CDX1 in intestinal-type GC.Methods:Sixty-seven gastroscopy biopsy specimens and surgically resected gastric specimens were divided into four groups:gastric mucosa group,intestinal metaplasia (IM) group,dysplasia group,and intestinal-type GC group.The expression levels of CKIP-1 and CDX1 were detected in these groups and GC cell lines,and the correlations between these expression levels were analyzed.SGC7901 and BGC823 cells were divided into CKIP-1 shRNA groups and CKIP-1 over-expression groups,and CDX1 expression was detected.β-Catenin expression was detected in intestinal-type GC tissue samples and CKIP-1 shRNA and CKIP-1 over-expression SGC7901 cells,and its correlation with CKIP-1 expression in intestinal-type GC tissue was analyzed.The Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor DKK-1 and activator LiCl were incubated with SGC7901 cells,BGC823 cells,and CKIP-1 shRNA and CKIP-1 over-expression SGC7901 and BGC823 cells,following which CDX1 and Ki-67 expression were detected.Results:The expression levels of CKIP-1 and CDX1 were lower in patients with intestinal-type GC than in patients with IM and dysplasia (both P ＜ 0.05).CKIP-1 and CDX1 expression levels were positively correlated in IM,dysplasia,and intestinal-type GC tissue and cell lines (r =0.771,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.597,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.654,P ＜ 0.01;r =0.811,P ＜ 0.01,respectively).CDX1 expression was decreased in the CKIP-1 shRNA groups and increased in the CKIP-1 over-expression groups of SGC7901 and BGC823 cells compared to that in the corresponding control groups (both P ＜ 0.05).CKIP-1 expression was negatively correlated with β-catenin expression in intestinal-type GC patients (r =-0.458,P ＜ 0.01).Compared to the control group,β-catenin expression was increased in the CKIP-1 shRNA SGC7901 cell group and decreased in the CKIP-1 over-expression SGC7901 cell group (P ＜ 0.05).CDX1 expression was increased in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells treated with DKK-1,DKK-1 increased CDX1 expression and decreased Ki-67 expression in the CKIP-1 shRNA group;the opposite result was observed in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells treated with LiCl,and LiCl decreased CDX1 expression and increased Ki-67 expression in the CKIP-1 over-expression group (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions:Through the Wnt/p-catenin signaling pathway,CKIP-1 may positively regulate CDX1 in intestinal-type GC.

OBJECTIVETo systematically assess the efficacy and safety of Rhodiola in treating chronic stable angina pectoris.

METHODSOur group searched the Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), VIP database (VIP), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) for the literature published in English and Chinese till April 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included on the therapeutic effect of Rhodiola or Rhodiola plus conventional Western medicine in comparison with the conventional Western medicine treatment on stable angina. Data were extracted according the data extraction form. The literature methodological quality was assessed by using the Cochrane handbook, and data analyzed by Rev-Man 5.2 Software for Meta-analysis. The effect indicators of outcomes was expressed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI.

RESULTSA total of 7 randomized controlled trials, 662 cases of stable angina pectoris patients met the inclusion criteria and all published in Chinese, without one scientific design and high quality literature. Compared with the conventional Western medicine treatment, combined with oral administration of Rhodiola could improve the efficiency of anti-angina (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.02 - 6.09). Combined with intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could also improve the efficacy of angina pectoris (OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 2.4 - 9.82). Oral administration of Rhodiola couldn't improve ECG efficacy (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.67 - 2.34). Intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the clinical efficacy (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.61 - 5.35). Combined with the conventional treatment, intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the whole blood viscosity (low and high shear rates) and inverse variance (IV) (-1.36 and -0.99, 95% CI: -1.65 - 1.07 and -1.26 - 0.71), but could not reduce serum fibrinogen and D-dimer level. The incidence rate of adverse reactions was higher than that of the conventional treatment combined with Rhodiola (OR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.51).

CONCLUSIONSOn the basis of routine treatment, Rhodiola could further improve patients' symptoms. Combined with intravenous medication, Rhodiola could increase the ECG improvement rate, and reduce adverse reactions. But the methodological quality of included studies was poor, the number of samples was small, and influence factors such as the intervention period was short. This conclusion needs scientific and rational design in a larger sample, multicenter clinical trial to verify.

Angina, Stable ; drug therapy ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Rhodiola ; Treatment Outcome

As the lymphocytes of immuno-mediated aplastic anemia (IMAA) are in active state, and the hematopoietic stem cells are in silence, this study was aimed to design a new strategy to treat IMAA. To utilize the difference of radiosensitivity between active lymphocytes and silent hematopoietic stem cells, the animals suffered from IMAA were treated with a single low dose of irradiation, killing the active lymphocytes to release its suppression to hematopoietic stem cells without injuring the hematopoietic stem cells. Therefore, the hematopoiesis can be restored. Experiments were completed in IMAA mouse model. At day 4 after making IMAA, the model mice were giren total body irradiation of 150 cGy, the non-treated model mice and normal mice irradiated with 150 cGy were used as control. The survive time and survive rate of mice, blood picture, the account of nucleated cell of bone marrow, and pathological changes of bone marrow and lymphoid tissues of each group mice were observed. The results were as follows: (1) Survive rate of IMAA mice in non-treated group was 12.5%, the average survive time was 27.4 +/- 13.4 days. 100% of IMAA mice in irradiation-treated group survived over 60 days. The mice of irradiation control group all survived. (2) The account of WBC of IMAA mice in non-treated group dramatically decreased until to die, and in the irradiation-treated group it was gradually increased since the 10th day after treatment and close to normal level at the 28th day. (3) The RBC hematocrit of IMAA mice in non-treated group progressively decreased at day 14, and IMAA mice of irradiation-treated group gradually recovered closely to normal level after slightly fall at day 14, similar to the mice of irradiation control group. (4) The account of nucleated cells of bone marrow in non-treated IMAA mice dramatically decreased, and in the IMAA mice of the irradiation-treated group it was rapidly increased following transient fall, and restored to normal. (5) Pathological observations showed that the bone marrow and spleen of non-treated IMAA mice demonstrated typical aplastic anemia pattern, including bone marrow failure, marked splenatrophy, but the bone marrow and lymphoid tissues in the IMAA mice of irradiation-treated group were recovered to normal at day 28 after treatment. It is concluded that the low dose of irradiation displayed a significant therapeutic effect to IMAA mice, their hematopoisis could be completely restored to normal. The mechanism of therapeutic effect may contribute to low dose of irradiation killing the immunocompetent lymphocytes, therefore, suppressing hematopoiesis. The experiment results not only set up a new strategy for IMAA treatment, but also provided a clue to study the mechanism of IMAA.
Anemia, Aplastic ; etiology ; immunology ; radiotherapy ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred DBA

Due to the ability of overcoming both the dimensionality and the collinear problems of the spectral data, partial least squares ( PLS ) is in ever increasingly used for quantitative spectrometric analysis, especially for near-infrared spectrum, mid-infrared spectrum and Raman spectrum. In this work, an improved PLS algorithm is proposed for efficient information extraction and noise reduction. The spectral variables are clustering to several subsets, and several sub-models are built for each subset. Then, the sub-models are re-weighted and ensemble to the final model. Experiments on two near-infrared datasets ( octane number prediction in gasoline and nicotine prediction in tobacco leafs ) demonstrate that the new method provides superior prediction performance and outperformed the conventional PLS algorithm, and the root mean square error of prediction ( RMSEP) is reduced by 32% and 22%, respectively.

Objective To present a preliminary latest procedure for portal hypertension and evaluate the technical feasibility and efficacy of portacaval shunt creation through the percutaneous transhepatic approach in order to make a hemodynamic comparison with that of the classic TIPS.Methods Thirty-eight patients with portal hypertension(36 men;mean age 57 years,range 32～73)were referred for PTPS procedure because of bleeding varices(n=36),intractable ascites(n=1),and hepatopulmonary syndrome(n=1).The severity of liver disease was classified as Child-Pugh B in 27 and C in 11.The PTPS was created by a percutaneous transhepatic puncture into right portal vein and then through left portal vein to the hepatic segment of IVC followed by a prefabrication stress stent-graft placement at the very site.Results Technical and functional success of 100% was achieved in all patients,without related complications.The postprocedural portal vein-IVC gradients mean 13 cmH_2O was achieved with the follow-up period mean 493 days.No recurrence of variceal bleeding and controlled refractory ascites were achieved,and still more with primary patency rate of the involved vascular structure up to 94.8% at 365 days,much better than classic TIPS. Conclusions Portacaval shunt creation using the prefabrication stress stent via percutaneous transhepatic technique is safe and feasible.The compact coincidence was obtained between the stent and the involved vessel with restoration of intrahepatic portal venous bemodynamics together with partial lowering of portal venous pressure and guaranteeing intrahepatic perfusion through right portal vein.It is also obviously to have postoperative prevention of shunt restenoses and lowering postoperative incidence of hepato-encephalopathy.

0.05).Conclusions SNP of 2350G→A in ACE gene is associated with MI,AA genotype is probably a genetic marker of MI in Han nationality.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bisphosphonate thera-pies regarding the treatment of vertebraland non vertebral-non hip frac-tures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.Methods We searched systematic reviews on the databases in Cochrane Library , PubMed, SCI, CNKI, VIP, CBM and Wangfang database, as well as hand searching.The reviews were identified with a systematic literature search.Then the data were extracted by standardized forms, and the methodological qualities of the reviews were assessed by the AMSTAR tool.The endpoints of interest were vertebral and non -vertebral frac-tures.The Meta-analysis was evaluated by RevMan 5.3 software.Re-sults of all reviews were analyzed byindirect comparison.Results A to-tal of 12 systematic reviews were included.There were six bisphopho-nates in these reviews ( including alendronate, ibandrinate, etidronate, risedronate, pamidronate, and zoledronic acid).All the reviews were in high quality.The results of Meta-analysis showed that there was statisti-cally significant by five bisphosphonates, expect for pamidronate.So there were five bisphosphonates ( alendronate, ibandrinate, etidronate, risedronate, and zoledronic acid ) analyzed with indirect comparion.In vertebral fractures of all bisphophonates compared, zoledronic acidshowed a relative risk ( RR ) of 0.49 relative to placebo, and RRs were 0.49, 0.53, 0.51, 0.74 relative to risedronate, ibandronate, alendronate, etidronate.Regarding non-vertebral fractures, RRs of zoledronic acid relative to placebo, risedronate, alendronate, ibandronate, etidronate were 0.72, 0.71, 0.87, 0.89, and 0.90, respectively.Risedronate showed the greatest reduction in any fractures, followed by zoledronic acid.Conclusion In summary, zoledronic acid has the best effectiveness on the treatment of osteoporosis among the five bisphosphonate.