Objective To investigate the clinical value of King's College Hospital Criterion (KCH),Canadian Waitlisting Algorithm Criterion (CanWAIT) and Japanese Liver Transplantation Criterion (JLT) in predicting the prognosis of the patients with chronic severe hepatitis in China. Methods Fifty-five patients with chronic severe hepatitis were classified respectively by the three liver transplantation criteria.Those who were in line with the criterion were ascribed the matched criteria group (MCG),while those who were not in line with the criterion were ascribed the unmatched crite ria group (UCG).The end point of observation was the 90th day after their admission.The survival time and the mortality were compared between the MCG and UCG.The predictive ability for each cri- terion and their correlation with the clinical stages of chronic severe hepatitis were analyzed.Results Seventeen cases accorded with KCH and CanWAIT,while 38 cases did not accord with KCH and CanWAIT.The median survival time (MST) and their mortality in MCG group were 17.5 days and 100.0% respectively,while those in UCG group were 69.2 days and 34.2% respectively.Twenty- one cases accorded with JLT,while 34 cases did not accord with JLT.The MST and their mortality in MCG were 17.7 days and 95.2% respectively,while those in UCG group were 75.2 days and 29.4% repsectively.There were significant differences in MST and mortality between MCG group and UCG group with the 3 criteria (P

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,changes of neuroendocrine hormone before and aftter operation in patients with craniopharyngioma,so as to provide the basis for the replacement therapy after operation and educational practice.Methods The clinical data of 183 patients with craniopharyngioma were retrospectively analyzed. Results (1)Symptoms mainly were headache with nausea,disevesight,the second symptom was polydipsia and polyuria,in child,growth and development retardation was more,and another was hypothalamus syndrome.(2)Functions in endocrine:functions in thyreoid,adrenal and gonad(except PRL),the dysfunctions in neurohypophysis was displayed with completed insipidus and immaturity insipidus,contrasted it anteoperation to that postoperation,it was obvious in statishcs meanings (P＜0.05). Conclusions In patients with craniopharyngioma,children and adolescent is more than the other people,clinical situation is complicated,neuroendocrine hormone is derangement before and after operation,tumor itself to oppress and operation trauma are the basic reasons for the hypofunction of neuroendocrine hormpne,hormones replacement therapy and monitoring should be catch earlier.

The quality control method and standard were established to control the quality of Pteris multifida in this paper. The tests of water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of P. multifida were carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition, volume 1) . The TLC method was established by using rhoifolin as references, and a mixture of CHCl3 -MeOH-HAc (6: 1: 1) as the developing solvent system on GF254 thin layer plate. The contents of rhoifolin was determined by HPLC on a Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) column, using acetonitrile-water (containing 0.15% formic acid) (16: 84) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the detection wave-length was 350 nm. As a result, pterosin C 3-O-β-D-glucosidede and the other constituents were well separated on TLC detected under the UV light at 254 nm . The methodology validation for the assay of rhoifolin presented that it was in good linear correlation in the ranges of 0.025 5-5.1 μg with the regression equations of Y = 1 092.4X + 9.503 5 (r = 0.999 8), and the average recoveries were 100.3% (RSD 1.3%). The content range of rhoifolin from 16 different batches of Pteris multifida was 0.08-5.06 mg x g(-1). The water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of 16 samples varied in the ranges of 7.35% - 12.96%, 6.90% - 16.33%, 2.07% -11.38% and 13.29% -23.87%, respectively. The suggesting limes in the quality standard for water content, total ash, acid-unsoluble ash, ethanol-soluble extractives and rhoifolin content were ≤ 12% , ≤ 15% , ≤ 8.5% , ≥ 14% and ≥ 0.040%, respectively. The result proved that the established quality of control method was specific and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of P. multifida.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Pteris ; chemistry ; Quality Control

China ; Food ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Food Inspection ; methods ; Plants ; chemistry

The diversity in Tibetan kefir grains and dynamics of the microbial community during the fermentation of Tibetan kefir by PCR-DGGE fingerprinting technique were studied.The results showed that bacterial community of Tibetan kefir grains was more complex than that of yeast.The bacteria communities between different Tibetan kefir grains showed 78%～84% similarity, and yeast 80%～92%.Bands B, E and N of DGGE profiles of the microbial community during fermentation of Tibetan kefir were present throughout the fermentation.Analysis of sequence date showed the majority of the DGGE bands of bacteria community corresponded to LAB, and the most intense band (band E) was completely homology to Lactococcus lactis.

A rapid, sensitive and convenient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human plasma. d2-γ-Aminobutyric acid (d2-GABA) was synthesized as internal standard (IS). After extraction from human plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, all analytes were separated on a Luna HILIC column (100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of water: acetonitrile: formic acid (20 : 80 : 0.12) with a flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). Acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization using the transitions of m/z 104 --> 69 for GABA and m/z 106 --> 71 for d2-GABA. The method was linear in the concentration range of 5.00 to 1 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 9.9%, and accuracy ranged from 99.1% to 104%, within the acceptable limit across all concentrations. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of GABA tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; blood

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical value of combined clonidine and sleep-deprivation induced seizures for ictal brain SPECT imaging in patients with epilepsy. Methods Fiftytwo epilepsy patients were given oral clonidine plus sleep-deprivation to induce seizures with video-electroencephalogram (VEEG) monitoring. Forty-seven patients were selected as control group, whose seizures were induced by sleep-deprivation only. 99Tcm-ethylcysteinate dimer (ECD) was injected within 30 s since a clinical sign and/or a typical EEG discharge of epilepsy was recognized. Brain SPECT was performed 30 min after 99TcmECD injection. X2-test was performed by using software SPSS 10. 0. Results One to two hrs after oral intake of clonidine plus sleep-deprivation, 75% (39/52) patients were induced seizures, including 92.3% (36/39) with subclinical seizures and 7.7% (3/39) with clinical seizures. Ictal brain SPECT localized the lesions with high uptake of 99Tcm-ECD in 37 (94.9%) patients. In control group, 38.3% ( 18/47) were induced epileptic seizures, including 77.8% (14/18) with subclinical seizures and 22.2% (4/18) with clinical seizures. The induction rate of epileptic seizures in clonidine plus sleep-deprivation group was significantly higher than that of control group (X2 = 13.614, P ＜ 0.01 ). However, there was no significant difference in clinical seizures between the two groups (X2 = 1.253, P ＞ 0.05 ). Conclusions The combination of oral intake of clonidine and sleep-deprivation could increase the induction rate of epileptic seizures and it is effective for epilepsy SPECT imaging.

Objective To report the clinical effect of free transplanting for soft tissue defects pedieled with high site cutaneous branches of the transverse branch of lateral cirumflex femoral artery.Methods Cu- taneous branches of the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery were found small or abscent in 7 patients.The anterolateral femoral skin flap was pedicled with high site cutaneous branches of the transverse branch to repair the soft tissue defects of the arm,hand,leg and foot,rather than with the descending ones. The size of the flap ranged from 15 cm?6 cm to 28 cm?13 cm,with part muscle valve,iliotibal tract and lat- eral femoral cutaneous nerve.The fractures were performed with internal or external fixation.Results All of the anterolateral femoral skin flap survived well postoperatively in the 7 cases and had good appearance and sensation at one stage.The function of the repaired extremities recovered well.Conclusion The anterolat- eral femoral skin flap pedicled with high site cutaneous branches of the transuvrse branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery has many advantages of good blood supply and large size.The flap was secluding,and can be taken with some muscle and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.When cutaneous branches of the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery is small or abscent,the anterolateral femoral skin flap with high site cutaneous branches of the transverse branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery is an optimal alternative.

To explore the correlation between the ecological factors and the contents of podophyllotoxin and total lignans in root and rhizome of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, podophyllotoxin in 87 samples (from 5 provinces) was determined by HPLC and total lignans by UV. A correlation and regression analysis was made by software SPSS 16.0 in combination with ecological factors (terrain, soil and climate). The content determination results showed a great difference between podophyllotoxin and total lignans, attaining 1.001%-6.230% and 5.350%-16.34%, respective. The correlation and regression analysis by SPSS showed a positive linear correlation between their contents, strong positive correlation between their contents, latitude and annual average rainfall within the sampling area, weak negative correlation with pH value and organic material in soil, weaker and stronger positive correlations with soil potassium, weak negative correlation with slope and annual average temperature and weaker positive correlation between the podophyllotoxin content and soil potassium.
Berberidaceae ; chemistry ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Climate ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ecosystem ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Podophyllotoxin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Soil ; chemistry ; Temperature