Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Radiosurgery ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the recent cluster outbreaks of imported malaria and explore the risks, challenges and countermeasures for dealing with such events during malaria post-elimination era of malaria, and to provide reference for effectively addressing the risks and consolidating the achievements of malaria elimination. Methods　The individual malaria case data from "The Information System for Infectious Disease Surveillance" and "The Information System For Parasitic Diseases Prevention And Control" were collected，and the diagnosis classification, infection source, time and space distribution of cases were analyzed. Results　From January 1 to August 11, 2022, a total of 429 malaria cases were reported nationwide, an 18.9% decrease compared to the same period last year (529 cases), all of which were imported cases. The overall weekly trend of the outbreak remained stable, but since Week 31 (July 25-31), there has been a significant increase in the number of cases, with a peak on August 5. From July 25 to August 11, 2022, a total of 162 malaria cases were reported nationwide, up 315.4% from 39 cases in the same period last year, accounting for 37.8% of the total cases up to August 11, 2022. The main source of imported infections was Guinea (95 cases, 58.6%), with most cases reported in Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province (30 cases), Shilin County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province (21 cases), Chaoyang District, Beijing (11 cases), and Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province (7 cases). Conclusions　Due to the concentration of returnees to China, several entry port cities simultaneously experienced cluster outbreaks of imported malaria, which brought immense pressure and challenges to local medical and health institutions. Health facilities at all levels need to maintain high vigilance and sensitivity, be well prepared, and avoid death and secondary transmission caused by imported cases.

AlM: To study the therapeutic effect of external-route microsurgery forrhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
METHODS: ln 55 patients ( 55 eyes ) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, drainage of subretinal fluid, examination of locating the holes, sclera cryotherapy, scleral buckling, and vitreous cavity injection of filtrated air were performed under surgical microscope.
RESULTS:The retinal reattachment occurred in 50 cases after the primary surgery. The final rate of reattachment was 91% during 6 - 12mo follow - up. The retinal reattachment occurred in 1 case ( recurrent retinal detachment) after the secondary surgery and in 4 cases ( recurrent retinal detachment ) after vitrectomy. The eyesight was improved with different degrees in 55 cases.CONCLUSlON: The external- route microsurgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is simple, safe and effective.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in human tissues.Presently,cell source is single;culture method has great differences;obtained results are not consistent.Thus,it cannot verfy that isolated and cultured cells are identical calls,which is difficult to compare.OBJECTIVE:To compare the biological features of MSCs derived form bone marrow (BM),perpheral blood (PB) and cord blood (CB) under in vitro culture conditions.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The cytological in vitro controlled study was performed at the Department of Hematology,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA from June 2007 to December 2008.MATERIALS:A total of 10 donors of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation at the Department of Hematology,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA were selected.MB and PB cells were obtained from the same donor,and cell volumes were respectively 20 mL and 2 mL.CB cells (30 mL) were obtained from healthy primipara at the Department of Obstetrics,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA.METHODS:MSCs were obtained from BM,PB and CB by Percoll density gradient + adherence method,and then incubated in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.When 80%-90% confluency,cells were digested in trypsin-EDTA and made into 5×10~8/L cell suspension as P_0.Above-described operation was performed as P_1,and the rest may be deduced by analogy as P_2-P_5.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The following parameters were measured:cell growth morphology;results of Wright-Giemsa staining;results of cytochemistry;cell proliferation amount;cell surface markers using flow cytometry.RESULTS:Time of adherence,time to 50% confluency and time to 80% confluency of BMSCs were earlier comarped with the PBMSCs and UCMSCs.Adherent cells from BM grew in whirpool-like type,while CB and PB did not at 5-7 days.Majority of aderent cells from BM were fibroblast-like cells,and small parts were endothelioid cells.Aderent cells from PB and CB at the fifth generation contained more endothelioid cells and mononuclear and macrophage-like cells besides fibroblast-like cells.PAS stain,Sudan black B stein,alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining of adherent cells from BM,PB and CB were negative from P_1 to P_5.Compared with P0 cells,number of BMMSCs till P5 was significantly more in PBMSCs and UCMSCs (P ＜ 0.05).Positive rates of CD29,CD44,CD90,CD71,CD105,CD166 and HLA-ABC were 55.9% 92.8% at P0 to P5,but ≤6% following BMMSCs were incubated;19.7%-33.4% at P0 to P5,but ≤10% following PBMSCs were incubated;35.4%-93.2% at P_0 to P_5,but ≤20% following CBMSCs were incubated.Positive rates of CD34,CD45 and HLA-DR were low in BM-,PB-and CB-MSCs.Positive rates of CD14 and CD31 were low in BMMSCs;12.1%-28.3% in PBMSCs,and 8.1%-21.3% in CBMSCs.CONCLUSION:MSCs can be attained from BM,PB and CB.Quantities of MSCs form BM are the highest,with single component,followed by CBMSCs and PBMSCs,with multiple components.

AIM: To identify the non-steroid transcription factors upregulating the expression of L-plastin in hormone-independent prostate cancer, and partly elucidate the mechanism of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. METHODS: TF SEARCH software was used to analysis the possible binding sites of transcription factors in the 3’ end of L-plastin promoter that had been identified as important part of regulation response elements. Gel shift assay and supershift assay were used to confirm the transcription factors binding the speculated response elements. PCR site-mutagenesis technique was performed to delete the binding site of transcription factor and luciferase activity assay was carried out after deletion of the binding site. RESULTS: SP-1 respond element GGTGGGGCGGGGA located at -54- -41 of L-plastin promoter was identified with the TF SEARCH software. Gel shift assay and supershift assay confirmed that SP-1 was the transcription factor binding to GGTGGGGCGGGGA. Mutant deleted the SP-1 binding-site had low-luciferase activity than that of the naive. CONCLUSION: SP-1 plays an important role in the up-regulation of L-plastin expression in hormone-independent prostate cancer.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of different housing environments in neurological function,cerebral metabolism,cerebral infarction and neuron apoptosis after focal cerebral ischemia.Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (CG) and cerebral ischemia group,and the latter was further divided into subgroups of different housing conditions:standard environment (SE) subgroup,individual living environment (IE) subgroup,and enriched environment (EE) subgroup.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).Beam walking test was used to quantify the changes of overall motor function.Cerebral infarction and cerebral metabolism were studied by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and 1H-magnetic resonance spectra,respectively.Neuron necrosis and apoptosis were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining methods,respectively.The results showed that performance on the beam-walk test was improved in EE subgroup when compared to SE subgroup and IE subgroup.Cerebral infarct volume in IE subgroup was significantly larger than that in SE subgroup (P＜0.05) and EE subgroup (P＜0.05) on day 14 after MCAO.NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios were lower in MCAO groups under different housing conditions as compared to those in CG (P＜0.05).NAA/Cr ratio was lower in IE subgroup (P＜0.05) and higher in EE subgroup (P＜0.05) than that in SE subgroup.NAA/Cr ratio in EE was significantly higher than that in IE subgroup (P＜0.05).Cho/Cr ratio was decreased in MCAO groups as compared to that in CG (P＜0.05).A significant decrease in normal neurons in cerebral cortex was observed in MCAO groups as compared to CG (P＜0.05).The amount of normal neurons was less in IE subgroup (P＜0.05),and more in EE subgroup (P＜0.05) than that in SE subgroup after MCAO.The amount of normal neurons in EE subgroup was significantly more than that in IE subgroup after MCAO (P＜0.05).The ratio of TUNEL-positive neurons in EE was significantly lower than that in SE subgroup (P＜0.05) and IE subgroup (P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the beam walking test was negatively correlated with NAA/Cr ratio (P＜0.05).Cerebral infarct volume was negatively correlated with both NAA/Cr ratio (P＜0.01) and Cho/Cr ratio (P＜0.01).The amount of normal cortical neurons was positively correlated with both NAA/Cr ratio (P＜0.01) and Cho/Cr ratio (P＜0.05).The TUNEL-positive neurons showed a negative correlation with both NAA/Cr ratio (P＜0.01) and Cho/Cr ratio (P＜0.01).This study goes further to show that EE may improve neurological functional deficit and cerebral metabolism,decrease cerebral infarct volume,neuron necrosis and apoptosis,while IE may aggravate brain damage after MCAO.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Rannunculus chinensis Bunge..Methods The chemical constituents of R.chinensis were isolated by chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. The structures of compounds were identified by phytochemical properties and spectral analysis(MS and NMR).Results Ten compounds were isolated and identified as quercetin(1),kaempferol(2),luteolin(3),quercitrin(4), protocatechuic acid(5),gallic acid(6),ellagic acid(7),kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside (8),β-sitosterol (9) and 7-ketologanin (10). Conclusion Compound 10 is isolated from R.chinensis for the first time. Compounds 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8 are obtained from the title plant for the first time.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the 60% alcohol extract of Solanum lyratum Thunb..Method The compounds were isolated by column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and preparative TLC.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical property and spectral data.Resulut Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as:ononin(1), genistin(2), 5-hydroxyl ononin(3), formononetin(4), daidzein(5), daidzin(6), 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde(7),vanillic acid(8), protocatechuic acid(9),ethyl-α-D-arabinofuranoside(10) and ursolic acid(11).Conclusion Compounds 1,2,3,10 and 11 are isolated from S.lyratum for the first time.

Objective To study the gait of children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) using plantar pressure measurement (PPM).Methods Twenty SCP children and 84 healthy children were recruited,and PPM was used to compare their gait cycle time,cadence,and standardized gait cycle parameters.Results Compared with the control group,gait cycle times in the SCP group were obviously prolonged,and their cadence was significantly slower.The side support phase and swing time in the SCP group were shorter,while the double support phase was longer than that of children in the control group.Conclusion PPM can be used to assess the gait of SCP children efficiently.

To investigate the biological role of snake venom cystatin(sv-cystatin) in tumor progression, the cDNA of sv-cystatin amplified by PCR from pUC18-cystatin plasmid was cloned into methanol-inducible expression vector pPICZ?A. The linearized recombinant plasmid pPICZ?A-cystatin was transfered into Pichia pastoris, strain GS115 by electrophoration. Transfermants with phenotype Mut+ selected were identified by PCR analysis and induced in 1.0% methanol. The reombinant sv-cystatin protein was examined by SDS-PAGE, Western blot analysis. The molecular mass of expression product was about 14 kDa and approximately 16 mg/L of recombinant sv-cystatin was produced from one of GS115-cystatin transformants. The chromatography purified protein could reduce the activity of papain. The ability of B16F1 cells treated with recombinant sv-cystatin to invade the reconstituted basement membrane decreased significantly (P