OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between serum testosterone levels and the plaque formation of the carotid artery in a population-based cohort of independently living healthy women above 60 years of age.

METHODSAnalysis of the healthy elders from a population-based cohort study in 9 communities of Beijing. Carotid intima-media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques were determined ultrasonographically. Serum testosterone levels were measured by immunoassay. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThere was an inverse correlation between testosterone and plaque formation in old females (P < 0.01), while no association was found in males. Female with testosterone levels in the lowest quartile (< 0.49 nmol/L) had more risk of plaque formation (OR = 3.805, P < 0.01) after adjusted with age and other traditional factors of atherosclerosis.

CONCLUSIONTestosterone concentrations are negatively associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis in old women in Beijing, experimental and prospective studies are needed to determine the possible therapeutic role of testosterone in atherosclerosis.

Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; Carotid Arteries ; pathology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Carotid Stenosis ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Testosterone ; blood

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to compare the mandibular position when speaking with the intercuspal position and to check the stability of phonetics when determining the horizontal jaw relation in healthy adults.

METHODSA total of 19 healthy volunteers were recruited. Seven Chinese letters, namely, /xi/, /er/, /yi/, /ci/, /mi/, /ni/, and /ri/, were chosen in the test. O-bite was used to record the mandibular position when speaking these letters. A full-adjusted articulator was used to find the mandibular position during speech, and the mandibular position was measured using a vernier caliper. The mandibular position during speech with intercuspal position was compared in both anterior-posterior and left-right directions of the horizontal plane. Multi-factor analysis of variance was conducted for the statistical analysis of the effect of objects and letters on the mandibular position.

RESULTS1) The mandibular position was in front of the intercuspal occlusion position when speaking all seven letters, and almost no deviation was observed in the left and right directions (the mandibular position value of 82% was in the range of 0.5 mm). 2) Different objects had different mandibular positions during speech, whereas different letters did not. The distance between the centric relation position and the intercuspal position had a positive correlation with the range of the mandibular position during speech.

CONCLUSIONThe mandibular position was in front of the intercuspal position when speaking all seven words in the test. In the same object, the mandibular position was stable during speech.

Adult ; Centric Relation ; Dental Articulators ; Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Jaw Relation Record ; Mandible ; Phonetics ; Speech

Construction of learning-oriented hospital must establish a clear goal,and under the guidance of the target,comrehensive mearures of whole advancement must be adopted and staffs study must be emphasized according to their different needs to motivate them,and meanwhile incentive mechanism should be established to realize the benign circulation and sustainable development of construction of learning-oriented hospital.

Viruses (e.g. Human immunodeficiency virus, Human simplex virus and Prototype foamy virus) are obligate intracellular parasites and therefore depend on the cellular machinery for cellular trafficking. Bovine foamy virus (BFV) is a member of the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily of Retroviruses, however, details of its cellular trafficking remain unknown. In this study, we cloned the BFV gag gene into prokaryotic expression vector pET28a and purified the denaturalized Gag protein. The protein was used to immunize BALB/c mouse to produce antiserum, which could specifically recognize the BFV Gag protein in BFV-infected cells through western blot assay. Additionally, these results demonstrated that both the optimal and suboptimal cleavage of Gag protein occur in BFV-infected cells. Subsequently, the Gag antiserum was used to investigate subcellular localization of BFV. In immunofluorescence microscopy assays, colocalization microtubules (MTs) and assembling viral particles were clearly observed, which implied that BFV may transport along cellular MTs in host cells. Furthermore, MTs-depolymerizing assay indicated MTs were required for the efficient replication of BFV. In conclusion, our study suggests that BFV has evolved the mechanism to hijack the cellular cytoskeleton for its replication.

Objective To explore the peripheral blood circulating microRNA expression profile of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients by using microRNA array. Methods The whole blood of 3 patients with acute ischemic stroke, 3 patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 3 healthy volunteers were collected for whole blood RNA through Norgen exosome isolation kit, and then underwent quality and density measurement through PCR. The miRNAs expression profile was studied through μParaflorTM microRNA. All the data were analyzed by associated software and statistics methods. Results 8 miRNAs associated with cerebral stroke in ischemia stroke patients and cerebral hemorrhage patients were discovered, and showed significant difference (P<0.05). 11 differential expression miRNAs were found between ischemia stroke patients and control group, and 24 were found between hemorrhage patients and control group. However, after up-regulation, no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). Conclusions Different expression profiles of miRNA between ischemic stroke patients and hemorrhagic stroke patients may provide insights into their roles in the pathogenesis and progression of stroke. The study of miRNA can contributes to elucidate the epigenetics molecular mechanism of acute stroke.

Educational reform of pathophysiology oriented to clinical application is to pass the physician qualifica -tion examination .One of essential approach is to implement pathophysiology teaching with the translational medical philosophy and promote the harmonious development of physician -patient relationship with the utilization of the de-velopment and changes of disease in the teaching process .In that way, the pathophysiology in basic and clinical medicine is worthy of the name of “bridge”, and ultimately achieves the goal of “the transformation and develop-ment of the cultivation of clinical application talents”.

Books ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; instrumentation ; standards ; Societies ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

The authors of this paper confirm the goal, factors and principles in arrangement of clinical practice, design a transplacement algorithm to solve the model, and after estimating the capacity to interns of affiliated hospital, make the schedule by that algorithm so as to relieve the relative short supply of good clinical education resourses.

Batifiban, a synthetic cyclic peptide, is a potent platelet glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa antagonist which may be useful in the treatment and prevention of acute coronary syndromes. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodymanic (inhibition of platelet aggregation) effects, and tolerability of batifiban were investigated in healthy subjects following single bolus injection with doses of 55, 110, or 220 microg/kg, or multiple doses of an bolus followed intravenous infusion for 24 h (180 microg/kg plus 2.0 microg/min.kg, and 220 microg/kg plus 2.5 microg/min.kg) in this phase I clinical trial. Plasma levels of batifiban and areas under the curve were found to be proportional to doses. Batifiban was rapidly eliminated with a half-life of approximately 2.5 h. Significant differences were noted for plasma levels of batifiban and areas under the curve between males and females. No significant differences in the terminal half-life were found between males and females. Batifiban reversibly inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation in a dose- and concentration-dependent manner, consistent with its mechanism as a GPIIb/IIIa antagonist. Single and multiple intravenous doses of batifiban were found to be safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects. These results support a bolus injection plus intravenous infusion regimen of batifiban for the treatment and prevention of acute coronary syndromes.
Injections, Intravenous ; Peptides, Cyclic/*pharmacokinetics ; Peptides, Cyclic/*pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/*pharmacokinetics ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of puerarin on the expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).Methods After HUVECs were incubated with different concentrations of puerarin and 50 mg/L ox-LDL,the expression of TF and TFPI mRNA and protein were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot respectively.Results Compared with control,treatment with ox-LDL caused the augment of TF mRNA and protein expression (P<0.01),and the decrease of TFPI mRNA and protein expression.However,50,100,and 200 μmol/L puerarin blunted the augment of TF mRNA and protein expression and weakened the inhibition of TFPI mRNA and protein expression induced by ox-LDL(P<0.01).Conclusions Puerarin reduces HUVECs TF and TFPI mRNA and protein induced by ox-LDL.