Objective To investigate the protective effects of carboxyfullerene C3 against γ-ray irradiation-induced injury in BALB/c mice. Methods BALB/c mice were intraperitoneal injected with carboxyfullerene C3 (100 mg/kg) 0.5 h before whole-body γ-ray irradiation at 6.0 Gy (LD50) and 7. 2 Gy (LD90), with the dose rates being 1.0 Gy/min. The survival rate, average survival period of dead animals, and leukocyte count were observed 30 days after irradiation. The serum concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione(GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined by ELISA 4 h after γ-ray irradiation. The numbers of exogenous spleen colony-forming units (CFU-S) and in vitro colony-forming units of granulocyte and monocyte (CFU-GM) in mice receiving different regimens of γ-ray irradiation were calculated under microscope. Results Carboxyfullerene C3 significantly increased the survival rate of mice on the 30th day after irradiation (P<0.01), but it failed to prolong the average survival time of the dead animals after irradiation. CarboxyfullereneC3 increased the serum levels of SOD and GSH(P<0.01), and decreased serum MDA level(P<0.01). Besides, carboxyfullerene C3 also significanely increased the peripheral leukocyte count(P<0.01), and promoted the CFU-S and CFU-GM counts(P<0.01). Conclusion water-soluble carboxyfullerene C3 has satisfactory protective effect against γ-ray irradiation-induced injury in mice.

Adult ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal ; pathology ; therapy

Objective: To review the efficacy of nutrition support and operation in management of chylothorax.Methods: 6 patients underwent conservative way(fat-free enteral nutrition+PN+ somatostatin) and 3 patients then received the operation.Results: 3 patients were cured with only conservative way,but 3 others were cured under operation.Conclusion:The conservative way(fat-free enteral nutrition+PN+ somatostatin) is a effective method in patients with chylothoral,and the operation is needed in some patients.

The development of immunotoxin DT386-GMCSF, a fusion protein which bears the N-terminal 386 amino acids of diphtheria toxin and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and targets the GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR), has provided a promising alternative therapy to the acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the poor expression of the protein in E.coli is still a bottleneck which limits the industrial production. To identify the critical down-regulating factors on the expression of DT386-GMCSF, a series of truncated mutants of DT386-GMCSF at the C-terminal of GM-CSF were generated and expressed in E.coli. The results showed that the encoding sequences for the L114 of the GM-CSF dramatically impact the expression of DT386-GMCSF. On this basis, a serial of mutants integrating amino acid substitutes were generated. The results revealed that the expression level of the mutant DF123GVT, which harbors the amino acids 1-123 of GM-CSF whose L114L115V116 was substituted with G114V115T116, was evidently higher than that of the DT386-GMCSF, whereas the specific cytotoxicity to blast recovered from mice injected with HL60, a cell line highly expresses the GM-CSFR, was similar. These results have provided an important basis for the future development of the immunotoxins targeting the GM-CSFR.

Objective To investigate the different effect among ropivacaine,bupivacaine,lidocaine on analgesia after harvesting grafts from the scalp in burn patients. Methods 84 patients who need harvesting grafts from the scalp after burn were divided in 4 groups random-ly(n=21). Patients in group C hypodermically injected with saline 200 mL were control,while patients in group R injected with 0. 05% ropi-vacaine 200 mL,group B with 0. 188% bupivacaine,and group L with 0. 1% lidocaine. Motor activity assessment scale( MAAS) and visual analogue scale(VAS) were made before anesthesia(T0) and 20 min,5 h,10 h after awake of patients. VAS were made focus on head and body in part. Vital signs were also monitored and recorded for assessment of security. Results All patients in 4 groups had passed the period of operation safely. Patients in group R have better VAS than other groups. Conclusion Low concentration ropivacaine hypodermically injec-tion of head is helpful to relieve the pain after harvesting grafts from the scalp.

BACKGROUNDPartial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) are being diagnosed more often because of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Compared with articular and bursal side tears, there have been few studies about evaluating the clinical and structural outcomes after intratendinous tear repair.

METHODSFrom 2008 to 2012, 33 consecutive patients with intratendinous PTRCTs underwent arthroscopic repair. All of them were retrospectively evaluated. The University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and constant scores were evaluated before operation and at the final follow-up. Postoperative cuff integrity was determined using MRI according to Sugaya's classification.

RESULTSAt the 2-year follow-up, the average UCLA score increased from 16.7 ± 1.9 to 32.5 ± 3.5, and the constant score increased from 66.2 ± 10.5 to 92.4 ± 6.9 (P < 0.001). Twenty seven patients received follow-up MRI examinations at an average of 15.2 months after surgery. Of these 27 patients, 22 (81.5%) had a healed tendon, and five patients had partial tears. There was no association between functional and anatomic results.

CONCLUSIONSFor intratendinous PTRCT, clinical outcomes and tendon healing showed good results at a minimum 2-year after arthroscopic repair.

Adult ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotator Cuff ; surgery ; Rotator Cuff Injuries ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

This paper proposes a one-way micro valve with a simple structure and a simulation design for the engineering capsule. We have now got its design parameter selection method and its mechanic characteristic from experiments.
Capsules ; Computer Simulation ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Equipment Design ; Infusion Pumps, Implantable ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods

Adult ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Ganglion Cysts ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To establish the rabbit model of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) for the study of CT perfusion. Methods Forty-eight New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, 36 rabbits in test group were administered with 25 Gy of single fractionated irradiation in the whole unilateral lung, and the other 12 rabbits in control group were sham-irradiated. All rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h, and 1,2, 4, 8, 16, 24 week after irradiation respectively, then six specimens were extracted from upper, middle and lower fields of bilateral lungs, respectively. The pathological changes were observed with light and electron microscopies. The expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in local lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results In test group, RILI occurred at early stage,characterized by acute inflammatory reaction, and featured by the progressing fibrosis at later stage. The expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 1 and 72 h post-irradiation were statistically different between test and control groups (t = 3.04-14. 95,P ＜ 0. 05 ). Thickness of alveolar wall, density of pulmonary interstitium 12 h of post-irradiation, amount of fibroblast and fibrocyte from interstitium 24 h post-irradiation were statistically different between two groups ( t = 4.44-39. 78, P＜ 0.05 ), and correlated with the time postirradiation (r = 0. 821, 0. 872, 0. 682). There was statistical differences among the relative amount of collagen fibers at time points post-irradiation in test group ( F = 100.31, P ＜0.05), while no difference in control group ( F= 1.00, P ＜ 0.05 ). The relative amount of collagen fibers was statistically different between two groups 72 h post-irradiation (t = 3.07-45.18, P＜0.05 ), and correlated with the time postirradiation (r = 0.993 ). Conclusions Stable and reliable rabbit model of RILI could be established through single fractionated irradiation in whole unilateral lung with 25 Gy of high-energy X-rays, which may simulate the occurrence and development of evolution of RILI.

Objective To study the hemodynamic changes and pathologic foundation of rabbit models of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) via 64-slice CT pulmonary perfusion imaging ( CTPI),in order to seek the correlation between the alterations of the hemodynamic parameters and pathophysiology.Methods Seventy-two healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly classified into two groups:test group ( n =36),received 25 Gy with single fraction irradiation in a whole unilateral lung; control group ( n =36),received sham-irradiation.Each group was divided into 12 subgroups respectively according to post- and pseudo-irradiation time points (1,6,12,24,48,72 h and 1,2,4,8,16,24 w).Each rabbit underwent HRCT and CTPI at every pre- and post-radiation time point.All rabbits were sacrificed,and morphology of specimens was observed using light- and electron microscope. The changing regularity of HRCT,CTPI parameters and pathology were analyzed and compared with each other in order to find the correlation among them.The CTPI parameters of the test and control groups were compared using t test.The CTPI parameters and pathological values were analyzed using linear correlation with two variables,the detection rates of RILI by CTPI and HRCT was compared using Chi-square test.Results ( 1 ) The changes of CTPI parameters from control group after irradiation was relatively stable,but in test group those parameters including rBF,rBV and rPS,at pre- and post-irradiation time points (0,72 h and 2 w),were respectively 1.01 ± 0.09,1.86 ± 0.20,1.43 ±0.12,1.03 ±0.08,1.63 ±0.19,1.56±0.14,0.96±0.12,1.54 ±0.17 and 1.83 ±0.24.The corresponding parameters before and after irradiation were significantly different ( t =2.90-6.37,P ＞ 0.05).(2)In test group,capillary endothelial cells,basement membrane and alveolar epithelial cells,as the main injury targets,showed certain alterations in pathology.There was a significant correlation between the changes of CTPI parameters ( rBF and rBV) and pathophysiology in control group ( r =0.74,0.83,P ＜0.05 ),with the dependent relationship between rPS and the amounts of RBC outside the capillary and the destruction of basement membrane( r =0.87,0.88,P ＜ 0.01 ).(3)The detection rate of RILI with CTPI (72.2％,26/36) was obviously higher than that with HRCT( 16.7％,6/36,x2 =4.37,P =0.036).Conclusions CTPI parameters is capable of revealing the rule of hemodynamic process and reflecting the pathophysiologic state of different stages of RILI.By the time of detecting RILI,the detection rate of CTPI is clearly superior to that of HRCT,which yields potential value in predicting RILL