Objective To study the relationship between serum HBV DNA level and apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) , and the relationship between serum HBV DNA level and the activity of caspase-8 in the patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Method 30 CHB patients were selected as experimental group, and it was divided into three subgroups according to the serum HBV DNA level, subgroup A (high serum HBVDNA), subgroup B (medium serum HBVDNA), and subgroup C (low serum HBVDNA). 10 healthy adults were random selected as control group. PBMC were isolated from two groups by separating medium of lymphocytic cell and culturing it with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro for 72 hours. The PBMC was stained with PI and the apoptosis was assayed with flow cytometry. At the same time, the aetivity of caspase-8 of PBMC was assayed by color matching. Results The apoptosis rate of PBMC of experimental group ( 26. 88 ± 7.37 ) % were higher than that of the control group ( 14. 95 ±2. 53)% ( P <0. 01 ). In the experimental group, the apoptosis rate of PBMC of subgroups A, B and C showed decreasing order (34. 75 ± 4. 59)%, (25.63 ± 3.55 )%, ( 18. 91 ± 3. 81 )%. The activity of caspase-8 of experimental group 2. 99 ±0. 82 were higher than that of the control group 1.43 ±0. 91 ( P <0. 01 ). The activity of caspase-8 of subgroup A, B and C showed the same decreasing order: 3. 87 ±0. 35,2. 95 ± 0. 36, 1.95 ± 0. 29. There was a positive correlation between the apoptosis level of PBMC and the activity of caspase-8 in experimen tal group ( r = 0. 610, P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion AICD of PBMC was found in patients with CHB. The activity of caspase-8 increased in that process, and it may participate in the transduction of apoptosis signal. Serum HBV DNA level was related with the apoptosis rate of PBMC and the activity of caspase-8, and it may be one of the reasons of apoptosis in PBMC.

Objective To study short-term therapeutic efficacy of mesh & plug repair for gerontal groin hernias. Methods 110 gerontal patients with groin hernia were treated by mesh & plug hernia repair with Mesh & Perfix plug. Results 98 cases(81.8%) were followed up for two years and no recurrence was found. Conclusions The Mesh & Perfix plug is a kind of ideal material for herniorrhaphy especially for gerontal patients or those with other diseases.

Objective To compare the dosimetric differences of target and organs at risk (OAR) induced by the tangential and non-coplanar multi-fields used in the dynamic intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans for breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery.Methods Forty patients with early-stage left breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery were included.Based on the CT anatomy of the same patient,dynamic IMRT treatment plans using two tangential fields,3,4 and 5 non-coplanar fields were designed respectively utilizing the same optimization objects.The plans were compared by means of target dose distribution,the doses and irradiated volumes of heat,left lung,right breast,and total monitor units (MUs).Results The conformal index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI) of planning target volume (PTV) in the plans using 4 and 5 fields were better than that using 2 fields (P ＜ 0.05).Maximum doses (Dmax) in PTV were significantly lower in the plans of 4 and 5 fields than of 2 fields (P ＜0.05).Yet the plans of 4 and 5 fields generated significant higher minimum doses (Dmin) in PTV than that of 2 fields (P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was observed between plans of 2 or 3 fields.Across the four plans,the differences of right breast V5 (relative volume acquired at least 5 Gy of dose),heart V30,heart mean dose (D),left lung V20,V5 and D were not significant.Yet the disparities of total MUs were statistically significant (F =25.63,P ＜ 0.05).The least MUs were used by the 2 fields and the most MUs were observed in the 5-field plans.Conclusions Comparing with IMRT plans of 2 fields,using 4 or 5 non-coplanar fields can improve the target dose distribution without increasing OAR doses.As a tradeoff,more MUs are needed for multi-fields plans.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neck Dissection ; Survival Analysis ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods

Objective To evaluate the funding and output of pancreatitis related projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC),and provide suggestions for the funding strategy in the field of pancreatitis research.Methods Database of funded projects and completion reports of NSFC between 1990 and 2012 were retrieved.The number of grants,amount of grants,types,contents,and paper output of funded projects were respectively analyzed.Results From 2000 to 2012,114 projects involving pancreatitis were funded by NSFC,including 71 general programs (62.3％),8 regional programs,34 youth programs (29.8％),1 key program.The total fund during 2011-2012 reached 25.44 million RMB for pancreatitis research,which was 2.76 times higher than that of 2000-2010.According to PubMed search,93 SCI papers funded by NSFC were published during 2011-2012,which was 2.07 times more than that of 2000-2010.The researches mostly focused on molecular mechanism and therapeutic effect of acute pancreatitis,chronic pancreatitis and severe acute pancreatitis,which accounted for 61.4％ of all projects.Conclusions The number of grants,amount of grants,and NSFC funded SCI paper output of pancreatitis research have grown steadily,and it indicates that long-term funding of NSFC has played a positive role in promoting the development of clinical and basic research in the field of pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of a newly developed photosensitizer—chlorophyll derivative combined with irradiation of 650 nm laser for PC3, an androgen independent cell line in vitro. Methods PC3 was cultured and designed to 4 groups,including blank control,laser irradiation,medication of photosensitizer and medication of photosensitizer with laser irradiation (treated).The medicated concentration of chlorophyll was 0.1 g/L and irradation fluence of 650 nm semiconductor laser was 6 J/cm2.Intracellular distribution of photosensitizer and cellular morphological alterations were studied through light microscopy, electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy. Results It showed the shrinkage, round-up and membrane integrity of treated PC3 under light microscopy.Sable deposits were observed in cytoplasm of cells in both photosensitizer and treated groups.Transmission electron microscopy showed the fragmentation of DNA and condensation of chromatin beneath the karyolemma in treated cells.In cytoplasm,the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria swell to form vesicles and vacuoles.It showed the strong red fluorescence in the cytoplasm of treat cells compared with the red fluorescence indifferent to the background through laser confocal microscopy. Conclusions Chlorophyll derivative based photodynamic therapy is able to induce apoptosis of PC3 in vitro.Mitochondria is presumed to be the primary target of photodynamic therapy and trigger the apoptotic pathway.

Objective This study is to understand the interpersonal conflict management styles of head nurses and its related factors. Methods A cross- sectional survey was conducted in 440 head nurses in Shanghai Hospital, using"personal information table"and the "Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory- Ⅱ"as the tools for data collection. Results When dealing with conflicts, "integrating"is the most commonly used approach of head nurses, while "dominating"the least used one. Age, education, work experience and other factors were statistically significant with the conflict management styles head nurses used. Conclusions The most commonly used conflict management style of head nurses tends to a winwin way. Age, education, work experience and other factors can affect the ways of managing conflict.

Cysts ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Tongue Diseases ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery

Objective To introduce the preliminary experience of using rigid neuroendoscope in repair of spinal meningocele or myelomeningocele. Methods 3 infantile patients aging between 13 months and 22 months underwent the resection and repair of spinal meningocele or myelomeningocele in May, 2013. The operations were performed under the direct visualization of the rigid neuroendoscope in the aid of the intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring. All the surgical manipulations were accomplished outside the sheath of the endoscope. Results The surgical procedures were smooth. All the patients recovered satisfactorily. There was no postoperative complication. At the one-year follow-up, they were developing normally. Conclusions The rigid neuroendoscope is useful to the resection and repair of spinal meningocele and myelomeningocele. It could simplify the surgical procedures.

Objective To detect the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CCAT1 in human papillary thyroid cancer, and to observe the effect of CCAT1 down-regulation on the invasion and migration of human papillary thyroid cancer.Methods The expression of CCAT1 was detected in human normal thyroid Nthy-ori 3-1 cells and human papillary thyroid cancer TPC-1 cells.CCAT1 siRNA plasmid was transfected into TPC-1 cells.The effect of CCAT1 down-regulation on cell invasion and migration was observed by Transwell chamber assay and scratch test, and the expressions of BRAF, MUC15 and RKIP proteins were detected by Western blot.Results The level of CCAT1 in human papillary thyroid cancer TPC-1 cells was significantly higher than that in human normal thyroid Nthy-ori 3-1 cells.CCAT1 down-regulation significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of TPC-1 cells.The Transwell invasion assay revealed that the number of migrated TPC-1 cells in the CCAT1 down-regulation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.The scratch test showed an increased distance between cells in the CCAT1 down-regulation group compared to the control group, suggesting a reduced cell motility.The expressions of BRAF and MUC15 proteins were decreased in the CCAT1 down-regulation group, while that of RKIP protein was increased.Conclusions The expression of CCAT1 in papillary thyroid cancer cells is significantly higher than that in normal human thyroid cells.Down-regulation of CCAT1 in papillary thyroid cancer cells may inhibit the cell invasion and migration by regulating the expression of BRAF, MUC15 and RKIP proteins.