Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Hazardous Substances ; analysis ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

AIM:To investigate the differences among Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer in measurement of axial length ( AL ) , anterior chamber depth ( ACD ) and corneal curvature ( K1 , K2 , Km ) , and evaluate the consistency of the instruments, with the purpose providing references for the clinical application of Lenstar 900.
METHODS: In this study we picked up 36 patients ( 50 eyes ) underwent cataract surgery, and lens nucleus hardness were under level IV. Before the operation, AL, ACD and K1 , K2 , Km were measured by Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer respectively. The differences between the results were compared by the paired t-test. The correlation of the results was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the consistency was measured by Bland-Ahamn method.
RESULTS: The mean AL and ACD values measured by Lenstar 900 and A-scan ultrasound had no significantly statistic differences (P>0. 05). The K1, K2, Km measured by Lenstar 900 and keratometer were not significantly statistical different (P>0. 05). The results measured by these three instruments had close linearity correlation ( r>0.9, P<0. 01). The consistency of the results was well in Bland-Ahamn analysis.
CONCLUSION:The preoperatively biometric result of Lenstar 900, A - scan ultrasound and keratometer in patients with cataract are all reliable, and they can be substituted by each other. However, Lenstar 900 can not only measure AL, ACD and corneal curvature at the same time, but also cornal thickness, lens thickness, white to white, pupil size, optical axis eccentricity, retinal thickness and so on. It has a number of advantages such as non-touching, convenient and efficient, and can be recommended to use widely.

? AIM: To observe the efficacy and safety of the phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis and the phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for angle-closure glaucoma ( ACG ) with different closure conditions accompanied with cataract.?METHODS:A total of 65 patients (70 eyes) with primary ACG accompanied with cataract were selected from those admitted in our hospital and were given phacoemulsification with goniosynechialysis ( group A, 30 patients with 33 eyes ) and the phacoemulsification with trabeculectomy ( group B, 35 patients with 37 eyes ) according to the conditions of the closed anterior angle, respectively. The two groups of patients were observed for preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , vision, anterior chamber depth, and complications, and were followed up for 6. 5mo (6-8mo) on average.?RESULTS: Mean postoperative IOP in either group A or group B at 1mo after operation was of statistically significant difference, compared with mean preoperative IOP (P<0. 05). Postoperative 1-week vision in each group was of statistically significant difference, compared with preoperative vision (P<0. 05). Postoperative 1-month mean anterior chamber depth in each group was of statistically significant difference, compared with preoperative anterior chamber depth (P<0. 05). There were no significant differences between the two groups on postoperative 1-month mean anterior chamber depth ( P>0. 05) and postoperative complications (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSION: Clinical doctors can choose appropriate treatment according to different conditions of the closed anterior angle in patients with primary angle- closure glaucoma.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophysiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurons ; physiology ; Potassium Channels ; physiology ; Spiral Ganglion ; physiology

Boronic Acids ; adverse effects ; Bortezomib ; Humans ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; Pyrazines ; adverse effects

Objective To discuss the effect of transplanting autogenous rib cartilage in correction of short and upwardly rotated nose.Methods A piece of autogenous rib cartilage was transplanted into the front of nasal septa to lengthen it,leading to the nasal tip moving forwards and correcting the short and upwardly rotated nose.For low nose cases,simultaneous implants was used into the nasal back.Results The nasal tips were prolonged 0.75 cm on average after operation in 56 patients with short and upturned noses.The nasolabial angle and extent of nostril exposure were normal after operation.The operational consequences were fine in 54 patients,while 2 case were not satisfactory.Efficacy was stable during one year follow-up.Conclusions This method is reliable,and it can be recommended in rhinoplasty of patients with short and upwardly rotated nose.

Objective To investigate the fluctuation of the iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) through continuous monitoring on it. Methods During 2005-2008, 10 monitoring countis (city,district) of IDD were selected in Jiangxi Province. Five townships were selected in each monitoring county, one school was selected in each townships, and 40 students in 8-10 years old from each school were selected to inspect their thyroid glands and determined the idodine content of salts from their home. Among the 40 students, 20 of which were selected to determine the intelligence quotient(IQ) and 6 of which were selected to determine urine iodine. Thirty pregnant women were also selected to determine the urine iodine in each monitoring county. Twenty students of 5th grade in each school and 5 housewives living nearby the school were selected to carry out the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD. Results Monitoring results showed the average goiter rote of 8-10 years old students was between 2.00% and 4.60% during 2005-2008. The rate of IQ of the students higher than 90 was all above 76% each year. The median of urine iodine of students and pregnant women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the proportion of people whose urine iodine content was lower than 50 μg/L was below 4% each year. The rate of inhabitant taking qualified idodine salt wasn't lower than 95%. The pass rate of the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD was between 11.67% and 43.50% in students and 92.50%-99.60% in housewives. Conclusions The situation of iodine deficiency in Jiangxi Province has been greatly improved, reaching the standard of eliminating IDD.

Objective To observe the changes of water, potassium and sodium in the hypoxic cerebral tissues in mice and the effects of progesterone on the tissues and investigate the neuroprotective role of progesterone (PROG)in the cerebral anoxia. Methods Thirty - two male mice were divided into control group, simple hypoxia group, lower dosage group and higher dosage group. Progesterone was injected intraperitoneally in the dosage of 4 mg/kg or 8 mg/kg respectively 30 min before hypoxia in the last two groups. The contents of water, potassium and sodium in brain tissues in mice were evaluated at 24 hours after cerebral anoxia. Results The water, potassium and sodium contents in simple hypoxia group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.05)in higher dosage group(8 mg/kg PROG)compared with those of simple hypoxia group. Conclusions At 24 hours after cerebral anoxia, there are significant increases of water, potassium and sodium in brain tissues. Progesterone may pro-duce neuroprotective role by inbibiting the rise of them.

Objective To investigate the risk factors, diagnostic evaluation, etiology, and treatment in young patients with ischemic stroke. Methods The clinical data of young patients (age range 18 - 45 years) with ischemic stroke (within 2 weeks of stroke onset) admitted to the Stroke Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August 2008 to July 2013 were registered prospectively. Results A total of 300 patients were enroled, their age was 37. 8 ± 6. 8 years. There were 227 males (75. 7% ). The age of 84 patients (28. 0% ) was ≤35 years. The most common risk factors were smoking (43. 3% ), hypertension (38. 7% ), and hypercholesterolemia (38. 0% ). The positive result detection rates were lower in the antinuclear antibody (8/278), anticardiolipin antibody (34/250), 24-h Holter monitoring (2/60 ), and transthoracic echocardiography (38/232). According to the MRI findings, the detection rate of the white matter changes, old infarcts, single acute infarcts, and multiple acute cerebral infarcts were 40/282, 77/282, 145/282, and 137/282, respectively. The stroke subtypes of TOAST: large artery atherosclerosis (26. 7% ), smal artery occlusion (18. 0% ), cardioembolism (10. 0% ), other determined etiology (23. 0% ), and undetermined etiology (22. 3% ). Large artery atherosclerosis was mainly involved in anterior circulation (69/80) and intracranial arteries (75/80). In other definite causes, cerebral artery dissection was most common (36/69), and other causes included moyamoya disease (7/69) and infectious vasculitis (7/69), etc. The average length of hospital stay was 15. 4 d. The mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission was 7. 0, and the mean modified Rankin scale score at discharge was 2. 5. The complication rate during hospitalization was 9. 7% . 80. 3% and 48. 3% of patients received anti-platelet drugs and statins therapy during hospitalization.Conclusions This study used a prospective single-center method. It conducted a comprehensive analysis of risk factors, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and etiology in current Chinese young patients with ischemic stroke. Its research data wil provide useful information for establishing a diagnostic strategy of high performance cost ratio, in-depth understanding of its pathophysiological mechanisms, and improving treatment strategies in Chinese young patients with ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the values of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),magnetic resonance angiography (MRA),and high-resolution MRI for diagnosing intracranial arterial dissection (IAD)caused ischemic stroke. Methods From August 2008 to April 2015,59 consecu-tive patients (age 45 ±15years,41males)with IAD caused ischemic stroke admitted to the First Affiliated Hos-pital of Sun Yat-Sen University were enrolled prospectively. All patients underwent conventional cranial MRI/MRA examination,25 of them underwent whole brain DSA examination,and 10 underwent high-resolution MRI. The findings of conventional MRI/ MRA and high-resolution MRI of IAD were analyzed. For patients undergoing DSA,the proportions of detection and compliance of IAD were compared between DSA and conventional MRI / MRA. Results (1)Conventional MRI / MRA revealed typical sign of artery dissection in 42 patients (71. 2%),among them,the intramural hematoma (n = 22,52. 4%)was most common. Other common signs included intimal flap/ double lumen sign (n = 13,31. 0%)and long irregular or thread-like stenosis (n = 9,21. 4%);while dissecting aneurysm (n = 7,16. 7%)and rat tail-shaped occlusion (n = 3, 7. 1%)were relatively rare. In 17 patients (28. 8%)with IAD that conventional MRI/ MRA did not detect the typical dissection sign,the dissections were involved in the middle cerebral artery (11 / 17,64. 7%), they were more common than the 42 patients with IAD (10 / 42,23. 8%)detected the typical dissection sign by conventional MRI/ MRA. There was significant difference (P = 0. 006). (2)Among the 25 patients undergoing DSA,DSA revealed that 15 patients (60%)had the typical dissection sign,and conventional MRI/ MRA only revealed 8 of them (32%)with the typical dissection sign,but there was no significant difference (P = 0. 088). In 15 patients with IAD that DSA detected the typical dissection sign;conventional MRI / MRA detected the typical dissection sign in 8 of them. The diagnostic coincidence rate was 8 / 15. (3)Both conventional MRI/ MRA and DSA revealed non-specific limitation stenosis or cut-off occlusion in 10 patients (16. 9%)with IAD,while the high-resolution MRI revealed intimal flap in 5 of them,intramural hematoma in 4,and intimal flap and intramural hematoma in 1. Conclusion Conventional cranial MRI/MRA is an effective technique for revealing IAD,whereas high-resolution MRI has the unique advantages for diagnosing IAD without typical dissection in other vascular imaging.