Objective To investigate the influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting ( PONV) after radical mastectomy. Methods A total of 286 breast cancer patients, aged 18-60 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia in our hospital, were divided into either non?chemotherapy group ( n=106 ) or neoadjuvent chemotherapy group ( n=180 ) . General anesthesia was induced with iv propofol 2 mg∕kg, rocuronium 0. 6 mg∕kg and sufentanil 0. 2 μg∕kg. The patients were endotracheally intubated. The concentration of sevoflurane inhaled was adjusted according to the value of bispectral index, and bispectral index value was maintain at 40-50. Ondansetron 8 mg and flurbiprofen axetil 100 mg were injected intravenously at 30 min before the end of surgery. If vomiting occurred for 2 consecutive times, and continuous nausea and vomiting appeared from the time point after extubation to 24 h after surgery, and the patients required treatment, rescue medication was used. The occurrence and severity of PONVwithin 24 h after surgery and requirement for rescue medication were recorded. Results Compared with non?chemotherapy group, the incidence of PONV within 24 h after surgery and requirement for rescue medication were significantly increased, and the severity of PONV was aggravated in neoadjuvent chemotherapy group (P<0.05). Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery can increase the risk and severity of PONV after modified radical mastectomy.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of comprehensive therapy on forearm extensor myotenositis.Methods72 cases were divided into two groups: a control group of 36 cases who were given routine treatment,and an experiment group of 36 cases who were given thermotherapy,computerized medium-frequency electrotherapy,physiotherapy,and ADL instruction,etc.After two courses,a simple grading score(for forearms) was used to assess the effect.ResultsOf the control group,22 cases were cured,10 remarkably effective,4 effective;of the experiment,30 cured,4 remarkably effective,2 effective(u=2.04, P<0.05).The difference of average score for forearms before and after the treatment were(6.58±3.17) points for the control and(8.19±3.55) for the experiment(t=2.03,P<0.05).The average days of cure were(5.60±2.54) d for the experiment group,shorter than those for the control(7.00±2.27) d(t=2.05,P<0.05).ConclusionComprehensive therapy is effective on forearm extensor myotenositis.

High-performance liquid chromatographic coupled with variable wavelength detection (HPLC-VWD) has been developed for simultaneous determination of 5 analytes including ellagic acid, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-rutinoside, tiliroside and kaempferol, and high-performance liquid chromatographic with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) has been established to determine goshonoside-F5 in extract of Rubi Fructus. Chromatographic separations were carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5.0 microm). All calibration curves of reference standards revealed good linearity (R2 > 0.999 5) within the concentration ranges tested. The method limits of detection ranged 0.297-90.144 ng and the method limits ofquantitation ranged 0.990-300.480 ng, respectively. Recoveries of 6 analytes were from 97.11% to 101.7%, with RSD less than 2.1%. The result shows that amounts of the 6 analytes in the samples from 16 localities were found to be different. The higher latitude of growing environment, the more ellagic acid in herb. The content of total flavonoids in sample from east localities were higher than that in middle and west localities, and the content of goshonoside-F5 in Bozhou, Anhui province was higher than others. This method was found to be simple, accurate, sensitive with good repeatability. Those results might serve as a sound foundation for further study, quality control and application of Rubi Fructus.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ellagic Acid ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Geography ; Rosaceae ; chemistry

Herpetin (HPT) is an active monomer constituent isolated from lignanoid in seeds of Herpetospermum caudigerum. HPT shows inhibitory effects in hepatic injury and HBV-DNA and the replication. In the study, we successfully prepare herpetin liposomes by film dispersion method for the first time. The prescription process was optimized, with the entrapment efficiency as the index. According to the optimized prescription, the mass ratio of HPT: phospholipids: cholesterol was 2.44:78.05: 19.51, the hydration and de-molding process was performed with 0.5% F68 solution at 50 degrees C, and the water-bath ultrasonic time was 20 min. The HPT liposomes prepared by this method showed an average entrapment efficiency of (94.50 +/- 2.15)% and a particle size of (119.2 +/- 10.7) nm, which was consistent with the trial expectations and will lay a solid foundation for the hepatic targeting delivery system in future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Cholesterol ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Ultrasonics

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of inhaled budesonide on the efficacy and related indexes of patients with acute bronchitis. METHODS:102 patients with acute bronchitis were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was given 100 mg/(kg·d) Cefotaxime sodium injection,adding into 150 ml 0.9% Sodium chloride injection intravenously by 2 times,as well as sedation,oxygen inhalation,rehydration,correcting acid-base balance and other conventional treatment;ob-servation group was additionally given 2 ml Inhaled budesonide suspension,twice a day. The treatment course for both groups was 7 d. Clinical efficacy,erythrocyte immune complex rosette(E-ICR),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),peak expiratory flow rate(PEF),forced vital capacity(FVC),1 second forced exhaled volume(FEV1),time of body temperature returned to nor-mal,cough disappearance time,rale disappearance time before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,time of body temperature returned to normal, cough disappearance time and rale disappearance time were significantly shorter than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in the E-ICR and hs-CRP levels,PEF,FVC and FEV1 between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,E-ICR and hs-CRP levels were significant-ly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,PEF,FVC and FEV1 were significantly higher than be-fore,and observation group was higher than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). And there were no adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,inhaled budesonide has obvious efficacy in the treatment of acute bronchitis,and it can reduce E-ICR and hs-CRP,improve pulmonary functions,with good safety.

OBJECTIVE: To research the mechanism of the tongue inspection in traditional Chinese medicine and to study the special relationship between temperature distribution of the tongue and the tongue color. METHODS: The temperature field of human and pig's tongue was measured by infrared thermal vision system and thermal-couple probe. The blood perfusion rates in the human tongue and the pig's tongue were obtained with laser Doppler rheometer and CBI-8000 physiology research system. The temperature field of the profile of tongue was computed by numerical method. RESULTS: The quantitative curve of the temperature distribution on the surface of tongue and the relationship between temperature and blood perfusion rate were obtained. And the temperature in the profile of tongue was obtained by finite element method. CONCLUSION: The research involves that the different tongue color can reflect different tongue temperature and blood perfusion rate. This proved that it is acceptable to apply the bio-heat transfer theory to the tongue inspection research. The results provided a new method to research the tongue inspection in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience, operation indicators and curative effect of 142 cases of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 142 cases of CABG from January 2012 to July 2013 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Affiliated Yan 'an Hospital of Kunming Medical University. The patients included 92 cases of male, 50 cases of female, aged 24 to 78 years old, average (59.5±5.8) gears. Surgery was performed within the thoracic artery on the left of the left anterior descending branch and right coronary artery and convolution using great saphenous vein arterial anastomosis, treatment of valvular disease and aneurysm at same period,the average bypass 3.89/person. Results Two patients died after the operation,the motality rate was 1.41%. Postoperative complications included low cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac,renal insufficiency, respiratory failure, cerebral infarction/cerebral hemorrhage, open chest again stop bleeding,poor healing of incision, the incidence was 11.2%. The hospital total cost was (68.9±23.4) thousand yuan per patient,the postoperative follow-up time was (8.9±8.9) months,the follow-up rate was 96%,the postoperative patients were reviewed by echocardiography,suggesting left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were improved by different degrees. Conclusion Application of the mulitivessel transplantation methods can reduce the surgical mortality improve the cardiac function and decrease the hospital costs of patients.

Objective:To investigate the values of genetic polymorphisms of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1), thymidylate synthase (TS), glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in predicting the prognosis of advanced esophageal cancer patients treated with cisplatin/fluorouracil chemotherapy.Methods:One hundred and seven patients with advanced esophageal cancer were enrolled in this study, 98 of which were eligible for analysis. All patients received cisplatin/fluorouracil chemotherapy repeated every three cycles. Genetic polymorphisms examined herein included those in the genes coding ERCC1, TS, GSTP1 and MTHFR. Then the relationships between genetic polymorphisms and response rate (RR) and progression free survival (PFS) time were analyzed. Results:The patients with A/A or A/C genotype in ERCC1-C8092A had a higher response rate and longer PFS than the patients with C/C genotype (P=0.010,P=0.008);the patients with 2R2R or 2R3C or 3C3C genotype in TS-5'UTR had a higher response rate and longer PFS than the patients with 2R3G or 3C3G or 3G3G (P=0.007,P=0.018). There was no significant relationship between RR and PFS and other genetic polymorphisms. Conclusion:The advanced esophageal cancer patients with A/A or A/C genotype in ERCC1-C8092A and/or 2R2R or 2R3C or 3C3C genotype in TS-5'UTR were more sensitive to cisplatin/fluorouracil chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety, effectiveness and feasibility of 3D laparoscopy in thyroidectomy via modified chest and mammary areola approach comparing with 2D. METHOD: Twenty six cases received 3D laparoscopic thyroidectomy (3D group) and 34 cases experienced 2D (2D group). We compared the indexes about general status, operation time, operative blood loss, duration and overall volume of postoperative drainage, complications, etc between two groups. RESULT: Eight cases of thyroid cancer were detected in 3D group and 3 cases in 2D group. While there was no statistical difference between two groups with respect to other observation indexes such as other general status, operation time, operative blood loss, duration and overall volume of postoperative drainage, complications, etc. CONCLUSION 3D laparoscopic thyroidectomy via modified chest and mammary areola approach is a safe, effective and feasible procedure, and it may substitute the place of 2D in the future.
Blood Loss, Surgical ; Breast ; surgery ; Drainage ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Postoperative Period ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and feasibility of endoscopic thyroidectomies through modified chest and mammary areola approach. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed 122 cases of endoscopic thyroidectomies through a modified chest and mammary areola approach without extensive dissection of thoracic flap. The information about general status, surgical procedures and techniques, complications, etc. were summarized and discussed. RESULT: One hundred and twenty-one cases were operated successfully while 1 case was converted to video-assisted thyroidectomy through infraclavicular approach. The maximum diameter of the mass was (2.05 ± 1.06) cm, mean operation time was (88.61 ± 27.87) min, the operative blood loss was (31.23 ± 16.14) ml, duration of postoperative drainage was (3.54 ± 0.88) d and overall drainage volume was (139.09 ± 95.93) ml. Parathyroid glands were detected in specimens of 9 cases while no case of permanent postoperative hypocalcaemia was displayed. 6 cases of hoarseness were developed. One case experienced conversion surgery, all the others obtained satisfactory cosmetic result. All cases were followed up for 0-24 months without relapse and metastasis of the disease. CONCLUSION Endoscopic thyroidectomy via a modified chest and breast areola approach can facilitated the procedure and avoid extensive dissection of thoracic flap, and proved to be safe and effective.
Blood Loss, Surgical ; Breast ; surgery ; Drainage ; Endoscopy ; Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Flaps ; Thyroidectomy ; methods