The thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum(OLF)is usually located in the lower thoracic spine.Thoracic OLF has been widely recognized as a main cause of thoracic myelopathy.The pathogenesis of OLF is poorly understood.Because the thoracic OLF has many clinical manifestations and it is commonly combined with other spinal disorders,it is easy to be misdiagnosed or to be a delayed diagnosis.The surgical treatment of thoracic OLF has high risk and Serious complications.In this paper the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum in recent years are reviewed.

This paper introduces the application of American TV series ER(Emergency Room)to the course of medical English. ER may not only arouse the students' interest in listening and speaking English but also help students learn medical terms,medical knowledge and medical ethics effectively.In addition,through ER students can learn how to deal with the relationship between doctors,nurses and patients.

[Objective]To study the possibility of differentiation of rabbit marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)into endothelial cells in vitro.[Method]BMSCs of rabbits were obtained by using gradient centrifuge method.The adhesive cells were preserved to passage culture to get pure MSCs.MSCs in the second generation were used.After induction with vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),microscopic exarm,cytoimmunofluorescent staining confirmd the trial group cells becomes to endothelial cells.W-P corpuscles which was the symbol of endothelial cells were observed by transmission electron microscope.[Result]The differentiated cells demonstrated the characters of endothelial cells under phase contrast microscopy.The cytoimmunofluore-scent staining showed that the trial group cells were induced to endothelial cells.W-P corpuscles could be seen under transmission electron microscope.[Conclusion]The adult rabbit BMSCs can present features of endothelial cells in certain induction medium,they are ideal donor cells of tissue engineering vascularization.

Acrylonitrile ; poisoning ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; therapy

Animals ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cardiovascular System ; Humans ; MicroRNAs

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; HeLa Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Oxides ; pharmacology

Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Spinal Diseases ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion

Aged ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Presbycusis ; genetics

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; complications ; Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; complications ; Endolymphatic Sac ; pathology ; Facial Paralysis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of heat-sensitive moxibustion plus lactulose oral liquid for postoperative constipation of mixed hemorrhoid.Methods: A total of 70 patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, with 35 cases in each group by a random number table. Patients in the control group received lactulose oral liquid alone, while those in the treatment group received additional heat-sensitive moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8). The treatment was given once a day for 15 consecutive days. The defecation interval time, defecation duration, the scores of stool form, visual analog scale (VAS) and patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire (PAC-QOL), as well as the serum substance P (SP) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the stool form score, defecation interval time and defecation duration in the two groups dropped significantly (all P<0.05), and they were lower in the treatment group than in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores in the two groups dropped significantly (both P<0.05), and it was lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the PAC-QOL scores in the two groups dropped significantly (both P<0.05), and it was lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum SP and NO levels in the two groups improved significantly (all P<0.05), and showed statistically significant differences between the treatment group and the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Heat-sensitive moxibustion plus lactulose oral liquid can improve stool form, shorten defecation interval time and defecation duration, alleviate defecation pain, and improve quality of life (QOL) for patients with postoperative constipation of mixed hemorrhoid, which may be related to the regulation of the SP and NO levels.