Primary hepatocellular carcinoma progresses from liver fibrosis and cirrhosis to eventually result in liver failure and distant metastasis.Surgical resection is the preferred method of treatment for liver cancer while interventional treatment and liver transplantation are the choices to treat end-stage liver cancer.Unfortunately,partial hepatectomy and interventional treatment are not ideal due to the resulting consequence of hepatocyte dysfunction.Extensive clinical application of liver transplants is limited by the lack of available donors and high costs.Over the past decade,researches on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)have made remarkable achievements in the medical field.In this review,we summarize the recent progress of BMSCs in the treatment of liver diseases.

Objective To investigate psychology state of AIDS-phobia population. Methods 50 AIDS-pho-bia patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled and tested with SCL-90,EPQ, LES and social support scale. Results Scores of SCL-90 in AIDS-phobia patients are significantly more than those in controls. Scores of anxiety, depres-sion,compulsion,dread and somatization in AIDS-phobia patients are significantly more than those in controls. Scores of negative life event scale in AIDS-phobia patients are significantly more than those in controls. Scores of positive life event scale in AIDS-phobia patients are significandy less than those in controls. Scores of social support scale in AIDS-phobia patients are significantly less than those in controls. Conclusions Anxiety, depression, compulsion, dread and somatization are primary clinical manifestation of AiDS-phobia. Personal character,negative life event and lack of social support might be nosogenesis correlated with AIDS-phobia.

13C metabolic flux analysis(13CMFA)have been the research hotspots of metabolic engineering internationally due to its accuracy and applicability.It is vital that the measurement of 13C labelling pattern of proteinogenic amino acids for 13C metabolic flux analysis.To acquire 13C-labelling proteinogenic amino acids,Pseudomonas denitrifican which products Vitamin B12 was firstly fed with mimimal culture medium contained 20% U-13C and 80% natural glucose,after the culture reached a steady state,then about 20 mg biomass was hydrolyzed by 1 ml of 6 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 24h at 110℃.Then amino acids was separated,concentrated,evaporated in a vacuum,and derivatized with MBDSTFA,TBDMS-derivatized amino acids can be observed by GC-MS last we get 13C labelling pattern of fifteen aminio acids through mass spectrum.The experimental methods and sample preparation offers referential value for the development of 13C metabolic flux analysis in our courtry.

Objective To investigate the effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of ventricular outflow tract septum on the left ventricular structure and function in experimental canine.Methods Healthy experimental dogs were used for this study.RFA of the myocardium at ventricular outflow tract septum was performed.Before RFA,thoracic ultrasound examination was used to determine the width of left ventricular outflow tract,the systolic interventricular septum thickness,left ventricular ejection fraction,etc.The ultrasound examination was performed immediately after RFA to check the above indexes.Ultrasound examination was employed one and 3 months after RFA to record the above indexes of the survived dogs,and pathological examination was made.Results Among the 10 experimental dogs,successful RFA was achieved in 9,and one dog died of ventricular fibrillation.In one dog RFA was successfully accomplished,but it died of respiratory inhibition due to over-deep anesthesia.Immediate success rate of surgery was 80％,eight dogs survived to the scheduled follow-up time point.The width of left ventricular outflow tract and the systolic interventricular septum thickness determined immediately after RFA as well as one and three months after RFA in the survived dogs were significantly different from the preoperative data (P＜0.05).Histopathologically,striking microscopic changes could be observed.No obvious changes in ECG and blood pressure were seen.Conclusion The results of this study indicate that RFA of ventricular outflow tract septum in experimental dogs is safe and effective,which provides useful parameters and experimental basis for further animal experiments and clinical trials.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of transurethral anatomical vapor incision technique of prostate (VIT) with six-step method high power side-emitting greenlight laser in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods:A retrospective analysis of 82 patients with BPH who used high power side-out green laser in the treatment from October 2018 to June 2020 in Gongli Hospital of Naval Medical University was performed. Among them, 40 patients were treated with six-step method VIT, and 42 patients were treated with photoselective vaporization of prostate (PVP). The two groups of patients were compared in age [(71.1±8.7)years vs.(72.1±7.0)years], prostate volume [75 (68.25, 89.00) ml vs. 73 (63.25, 85.00) ml], and peak urinary flow rate (Q max) [6.20 (5.20, 8.20) ) ml/s vs. 5.9 (4.75, 7.50) ml/s], post-void residual volume (PVR) [74.00 (42.50, 103.75) ml vs. 67.00 (58.00, 84.50) ml], international prostate symptom score (IPSS) [(21.2±5.2) vs. ( 21.0±3.9)], quality of life score (QOL) [5 (4, 6) vs. 5 (4, 6) ], prostate specific antigen (PSA) [6.20 (4.12, 8.43) ng/ml vs. 5.40 (3.88, 7.13) ng/ml ]. In general, there was no statistical difference ( P>0.05). The VIT group adopts the six-step method of marking, removing film, grooving, excision, trimming and crushing. In the PVP group, the prostate tissue was uniformly vaporized layer by layer from the inside to the outside. Perioperative indexes and complications were compared between the two groups. The Q max, IPSS, QOL, PVR and PSA between the two groups before and 3 months after surgery were compared. Results:All patients in the VIT group and PVP group successfully completed the surgery, and there was no case of transfer to TURP or open surgery. The average operation time was [60.00(50.00, 73.75)min vs. 70.00(50.00, 73.75)min] ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the amount of postoperative hemoglobin decline[15.00(10.00, 17.75)g/L vs. 16.00(14.00, 19.25)g/L], average bladder irrigation time[1(1, 1)d vs. 1(1, 1)d], indwelling catheterization time[3(3, 3)]d vs. 3(3, 3)d] and hospitalization time in patients after operation[4(3, 4)d vs. 4(4, 4)d] ( P>0.05). All patients had no blood transfusion, second bleeding, readmission, TURS, urethral stricture and urinary incontinence.There were 2 cases (5.0%) of postoperative urinary tract infection in the VIT group and 9 cases (21.4%) of postoperative urinary tract infection in the PVP group ( P<0.05), and they were cured after anti-inflammatory treatment. Three months after operation, Q max, IPSS, QOL, PVR and PSA in the two groups were significantly improved compared with preoperatively. Among them, the differences of IPSS [(5.7±2.5) points vs. (7.5±2.8) points] and PSA [2.65(2.10, 3.90)ng/ml vs. 4.00(2.45, 4.45)ng/ml] in the VIT group and PVP group after operation were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Applying the six-step method high power side-emitting greenlight laser transurethral anatomical VIT to treat BPH, there is less intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, short operation time, significant decrease in PSA, and fewer complications. It is a safe and effective minimally invasive technology for the treatment of BPH.

Objective To explore feasibility and therapeutic effect of posterior decompression by vertebral body resection, interbody bone fusion and transpedicular screw internal fixation in treatment of severe rotational throracolumar fracture and dislocation. Methods From October 2007 to July 2008, nine patients with severe rotational throracolumar fracture and dislocation classified as AO C types under-went decompression by vertebral boby resection, intervertebral bone fusion and transpedicular screw inter-nal fixation via a posterior midline small incision. There were eight males and one female, at age range from 23 to 54 years. All patients involved levels at T_(11)-L_2. According to AO classification, there were three patients with type C1 bursting fractures with rotational dislocation, five with distraction fracture com-bined with rotational dislocation and one with rotational distraction shear fracture/dislocation. The preop-erative Frankel Grading was Grade A in three patients, Grade B in one, Grade C in four and Grade D in one. Postoperative neurological status, the correction and loss of dislocation and the location and union of bone graft were reviewed. Results All patients received successful operation, with operation time of 3.5-5.8 hours (mean 4.4 hours), blood loss of 1 200-3 500 ml (mean 1 800 ml). The follow- up period in nine patients was 3-12 months (mean seven months). Postoperative X-ray photographs showed that the dislocation in all patients was reduced, the spine curvature was recovered to normal and the intervertebral bone graft was well fixed. Three patients at Frankel Grade A had no improvement, one at Grade B was improved to Grade C. Of four patients at Grade C, three patients were improved to Grade D. The follow-up showed bony fusion in all patients, with no loosening, dislocation or breakage of the internal fixation or implants. Conclusions For severe rotational throracolumar fracture and dislocation, decompression, reduction, fusion and fixation are rather difficult, while sufficient posterior decompression by vertebral body resection, rigid interbody bone fusion and transpadicular screw internal fixation can be an effective alternative measure.

Objective To compare the clinical curative effect of pedicle screw reduction and fix-ation via or not the injured vertebra in treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 27 patients with single thoracolumbar fractures admitted from March 2006 to Feb-ruary 2008. There were 12 patients treated with pedicle screw fixation (Group A) and 15 with traditional two-level fixation (Group B). Group A involved 11 males and 5 females, aged average 43 years (25-56 years); Group B included 10 males and 5 females, aged from 23 to 61 years (mean 42 years). All pa-tients had fresh fractures with intact pedicles on either unilateral or bilateral sides. With body position re-duction under anesthesia, the patients in Group B were treated with posterior routine distraction and lordo-sis restoration, while those in Group A were treated with the methods used in Group B as well as pedicle screw reduction and fixation. The kyphosis (Cobb angle) and recovery of injured vertebral height were observed. Results The mean follow-up period was 9 months (6-22 months). After operation, the op-timal Cobb angle and anterior column restoration were achieved through the ventral reduction from the in-jured vertebral body. The degree in anterior movement of injured vertebrae pre- and post-operatively was (0.089±0.036)° in Group A and (0.023±0.048)° in Group B, with statistical difference (P < 0.01). Cobb angle was (9.88±7.69)° in Group A and (5.19±3.24)° in Group B (P < 0.05). Changes of distance between the anterior- upper edge of the cephalad vertebrae to the anterior - lower edge of the caudal vertebral body was (39.3±5.2) % in Group A and (20.6±6.5)% in Group B (P < 0.05). Over distraction of the contiguous discs was also avoided efficiently. Conclusions Selective pedicle screw fixation into the injured vertebrae can help correct the kyphosis and maintain the reduction and en-hance the stiffness of the posterior short-segment instrumentation in single thoracolumbar fractures.

Objective Through investigating the current situation of scientific research in medicine graduate students, we can provide scientific basis for training postgraduates effectively and reference for graduate education reform. Methods A total of 243 medicine graduate students in Drum Tower Hospital were surveyed and asked to complete the designed questionnaires which included general situation, the objective to study, the situation of participation projects, the management of student, and achievements. Results 33.74％ (82) of students' purpose was confusion, 51.44％ of (125) graduate students engaged in clinical and basic research, the scientific research graduate students and doctoral students participated in the tutor research project more than the professional type graduate students and Postgraduate student (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the number of SCI related papers published by the postgraduates who differ in their ways of training and in different degrees (P<0.05). Conclusion Graduate students are an important part of high-level talents in China. They are the successors of future scientific research. The effectiveness of training postgraduates' scientific research ability will directly affect the future scientific research level of the country. So we should strengthen the cultivation of graduate students' scientific research accomplishment, construct a scientific training model, set up scientific training mode and supervision mech-anism, in order to promote the research level of medical graduate students.

Objective To assess the minimally invasive surgical therapeutic result of percutane-ous pedicle screw fixation using Sextant-R system in treating thoracolumbar fractures. Methods A to-tal of 36 patients with thoracolumbar fractures were divided into two groups, ie, Sextant-R pereutaneous pedicle screw fixation group (Sextant-R group, 14 patients) and open pedicle screw fixation group (open surgery group, 22 patients). A comparative study was done on surgical incision, operation duration, sur-gical blood loss and deformity correction. Results In Sextant-R group and open surgery group respec-tively, the incision size was (7.1±0. 9) cm and (16.8 ± 1.6) cm (P <0. 05), operation duration (1.1±0.7) hoursand (2.4 ±0.8) hours (P<0.05), surgical blood loss (89.3 ±12.1) ml and (325.0±123.6) ml (P < 0.01), surgical draining loss (12.6 ± 3.2) ml and (147.3 ± 36.1) ml (P < 0. 01), postoperative improvement of Cobb' s angle (4.5 ± 2.4)° and (1.0± 2.3)° (P < 0. 05), sag-ittal index (10.2 ± 10.1)° and (5.5 ± 8.6)° (P < 0.05) and anterior height of fracture vertebral body (85.0 ±7.0)% and (95.5 ±2.2)% (P <0.05). Conclusion Pereutaneous pediele screw fixation using Sextant-R system is a good minimally invasive surgical choice for patients with thoracolumbar frac-ture under strict control of surgical indications.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous posterior pedicle screw fixation in treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar fracture without neurologie deficits. Methods From January 2007 through December 2007, there were 15 patients with traumatic fracture of the thoracic or lumbar spine without neurologie deficits treated within 10 days after injury. There were 10 males and 5 females at age range of 31-65 years (average 45.6 years). The fracture was located at T11 in 1, T12 in 4,L1 in 7, L2 in 2 and L3 in 1. Preoperative anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the fractured spine as well as CT and MRI were done to evaluate injury severity of the vertebral body, spinal canal and diseolig-amentary structures. According to Magerl classification criteria, there were 10 patients with type A3 frac-ture, 3 with type A2 fracture and 2 with type A1 fracture, which were treated with pereutaneous posterior pediele screw fixation. Operative time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded to observe clinical re-suits. Results The average operation time was 82 minutes (65-110 minutes), with a mean intraopera-five blood loss of 35 ml (20-50 ml ). There were no conversions to open surgery, new neurological deficits or other surgery-related complications. All patients were followed up for 3-11 months (average 7.6 months), which showed that Cobb angle was corrected from preoperative (15.7±6.3)° to postoperative (3.5±1.2)°. Postoperative CT showed sound reduction of posterior bone displacement in all patients compared to preoperative CT results. Conclusions Percutaneous posterior pedicle screw fixation is fea-sible and safe surgical procedure with fine short-term outcome in treating traumatic thoracolumbar fracture without neurologic deficits. This technique offers serveral potential advantages over open approaches inclu-ding less tissue trauma and blood loss as well as quicker recovery.