The new current versions of Hospital Finance System and Hospital Accounting System promote the reform of medicine accounting. It requires the method of the drugs cost accounting to change the retailing price accounting to the purchasing price accounting. It clearly defines individual valuation method, “first-in, first-out” method or weighted average method should be used to determine the actual cost of the materials based on the actual situation. It analyzes the problems of medical management and cost accounting, and proposes the practical solutions to strengthen the standard management of medicine and the medical cost accounting.

Objective To investigate the effects of rosuvastatin calcium on bone mineral density and carotid atherosclerotic plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with osteoporosis.Methods Eighty-two T2DM patients with osteoporosis were randomly divided into two groups,41 cases in the treatment group and 41 cases in the control group.The control group received routine treatment,including insulin and Caltrate D treatment.The observation group was treated with rosuvastatin calcium 10 mg 1 time/d orally,on the basis of the routine treatmentv.The two groups were treated for 12 weeks.After treatment,the blood glucose level,bone mineral density and carotid atherosclerotic plaques were compared.Results After treatment,the levels of blood sugar,FBG ((7.2±0.4) mmol/L),2 hBG ((9.2±0.6) mmol/L),HbAlc ((7.2±0.4) mmol/L) in the observation groups were lower than those before treatment ((9.6±0.5) mmol/L,(12.3±0.6) mmol/L,(9.8±0.7) mmol/L,t=24.0,23.39,20.65,P<0.05),the levels of blood sugar,FBG,2 hBG,HbAlc in the control group were (8.4±0.3) mmol/L,(10.5±0.6) mmol/L and (8.3±0.6) mmol/L,lower than those before treatment ((9.3±0.3) mmol/L,(12.0±0.8) mmol/L,(9.9±0.5) mmol/L,t=13.58,9.60,13.12,P<0.05).The three indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t=-15.37,-9.8,-9.77,P<0.05).After 1 course of treatment,the femoral neck BMD value in the observation group was higher than that before treatment ((0.699±0.111) g/cm2 vs.(0.665±0.106) g/cm2,t=0.790,P<0.05),there was no significant increase in the BMD value in the control group after treatment ((0.669±0.130) g/cm2 vs.(0.662±0.119) g/cm2,t=-0.25,P>0.05),the BMD of femoral neck in the observation group after treatment was higher than that in the control group (t=0.842,P<0.05).After 1 course of treatment,IMT value and plaque score in the observation group were lower than those before treatment ((1.202±0.18) mm vs.(1.582±0.369) mm,(3.62±0.33) points vs.(4.39±0.37) points,t=0.778,9.945,P<0.05),in the control group,the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and plaque score after treatment were not significantly increased compared with those before treatment ((1.487±0.345) mm vs.(1.499±0.356) mm,(4.16±0.26) points vs.(4.28±0.28) mm,t=0.155,2.011,P>0.05).The differences between the observation group and the control group after treatment were statistically significant (t=0.534,0.645,P<0.05).Conclusion Rosuvastatin calcium can effectively improve the curative effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with osteoporosis and improve bone mineral density and carotid atherosclerotic plaques.

Based on the "Grayscales average distribution" method which equally distributes the input gray levels to output gray levels, three improved methods named: "Reduce the gray range expressed by the less significant subfields", "Low levels preset" and "Modify the exponent of inverse-gamma function" are proposed in this paper. Using these methods, the inverse-gamma relation subfields code can be obtained easily which can improve the low level expressions of AC-PDP. And a program, "gray scales distribution validate program", which can enhance the expressions of the demanded gray levels range, is also proposed in this paper.

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is a new rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing technology. OBJECTIVE: Through the analysis of the related papers, the paper summarizes and discusses the research progress of 3D printing technology, the prospect of application in joint replacement and the status quo and development trend of 3D printing technology in joint replacement.METHODS: The relevant literature was retrieved by the first author with the China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) and PubMed database from 1985 to 2015. The key words were 3D printing technology, rapid prototyping, arthroplasty, joint replacement. The included 81 articles were analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Basic research and clinical application of 3D printing technology and joint replacementtechnology are becoming more and more popular. 3D printing further optimizes in the communication and teaching in joint replacement, and avoids intraoperative and postoperative complications. According to the needs of different teaching materials, 3D printing can print out different parts of the real body with different characteristics of print by 3D printer. The surgical simulation exercises with 3D limb printing different materials are the best way to improve theoperation skills. 3D printing technology in the osteotomy guide precision has basically completed multicenter clinical trial,and toward to the clinical application of small scale stage. The construction of individualized treatment plan and theapplication of active biological organs by 3D printing technology will become the new research direction of jointreplacement.

The establishment animal model of Graves’ disease contributes to the study of etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic modalities. After decades of studies and making improvements, the method of building mice model of Graves’disease has achieved a great development. Although there were many reports of animal model building in Graves’disease, as a mature technology A-subunit of thyrotropin receptor( TSHR)-expressing adenovirus was used to establish Graves’disease mice model, which has been accepted widely because of its high efficacy.

Gene therapy of spinal cord injury (SCI) is the most promising method compared with the others, because it doesn't involve the problems of resource and higher exclusion which respectively exists in fetal nerve transplantation and peripheral nerve transplantation. There are two ways of gene therapy to be chosen: one is to transfer objective genes to the target-cells in vivo directly; the other is to transfer objective genes to one proper kind of transplantable cells firstly, then graft the highest expressing cells to the target-cells in vivo. To realize the transfer of genes to cells, two measures are used in common: physical or chemical measure such as micro infection et al and biochemical measure i. e. gene modified defective virus. Although there are some questions unresolved in this field, the clinical value of gene therapy of SCI in the future is depended.

ObjectiveTo observe the intraoperative techniques of artificial nasolacrimal duct and evaluate the effectiveness.MethodForty-nine cases(56 eyes) ofchronic dacryocystitis underwent artificial nasolacrimal duct placement.The artificial nasolacrimal duct was dilated and the stent was retrogradely placed.Dacryocystography was performed before operation.ResultsArtificial nasolacrimal duct placement was technically successful in 53 eyes(94.64％),improvement rate was 3.57 ％ (2/56).The total effective rate was 98.21％(55/56) after operation.ConclusionInterventional artificial nasolacrimal duct placement is a safe,simple and effective method for the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.

Objective: To investigate the root canal configuration and the incidence and location of the isthmus in extracted maxillary second premolar with single root. Methods: 60 maxillary second premolars were included in the study. 1 mm root was cut from the apical end of root. The transverse section was stained with methylene blue dye and viewed with a surgical operating microscope. 1 mm increment sections were made and stained and observed by the same way from apex to 6 mm. The number of canals as well as the type of canal isthmuses were recorded. Results: 41.67% maxillary second premolar with single root had two canals. Canal isthmus happened more frequently in the apical 4 mm levels. Conclusion: The incidence of isthmus in the maxillary second premolar was highest in the apical 3-to 5-mm level. Canal morphology in the apical 1-to 6-mm is complicated.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the quality problem commonly seen in the marketing and use of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese drugs and their quality control method. METHODS: We reviewed the pertinent Chinese journals and on which an aggregate analysis and evaluation was performed. RESUTLS: Drug name problem, slice cutting specification problem, the problem of the name of processed drugs in set recipe preparations and counterfeit problem etc were commonly seen in the marketing and use of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese drugs. CONCLUSION: To standardize drug name, drug processing and slice cutting specifications of Chinese crude drugs, and to prohibit counterfeits and conduct regular sampling inspection can effectively keep the quality of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese drug under control.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of rapid ELISA method in detecting D‐dimer combined with cardiac tro‐ponin I (cTnI) for early exclusion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) .Methods The samples from 178 consecutive patients with chest pain and suspected AMI were tested for cTnI and D‐dimer on admission;then cTnI was also tested at 6 h after admission . AMI was definitely diagnosed by echocardiography combined with angiography .The cTnI cut‐off for diagnosing AMI was 0 .11μg/L (accounting for 10% of total CV lowest level) .Results AMI was diagnosed in 40 cases(22 .4% ) .The negative prediction value (NPV) on admission was 87 .9% for single cTnI and increased to 98 .4% at 6 h after admission .The cut‐off for single D‐dimer on admission was 200 ng/mL FEU and its NPV was 87 .9% .No false negative was observed when both cTnI and D‐dimer were nega‐tive on admission .Conclusion The combination detection of cTnI and D‐dimer has the potential to be used as an early exclusion di‐agnosis of suspected AMI in the patients with chest pain at arriving in the emergency department ,thus shorten the patient′s hospi‐tal duration and save costs .