Objective To assess the efficacy of pulmonary surfactant on acute lung injury.Methods The randomized controlled study involving pulmonary surfactant on acute lung injury were identified from Cochrane Library,PubMed,China Academic Journals Full-text database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chinese Journal Full-text database.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,the quality of papers were evaluated and then extract the valid data for meta-analysis.Results The current study included 5 English papers,including 1219 cases of patients.Meta analysis showed that:(1) There was no significant difference between experimental group and control group in term of mechanical ventilation(WMD =-1.08,95％ CI(-3.00,0.85),P =0.27).(2) Two studies conducted the ICU time comparison and there was no difference in experimental group and control group(WMD =-0.61,95％CI(-4.63-3.41),P =0.77).(3) Three studies were conducted the survival rates and no difference had found regarding of survival rates between experimental and control group (RR =1.41,95 ％ CI(0.94-2.11),P =0.10).Conclusion The existing clinical evidences showed the addition of pulmonary surfactant have no significant effect regarding of mechanical ventilation time,ICU length of stay and survival rate in patients with acute lung injury compared with conventional therapy However,due to the quality and the limitations of the studies and selection bias and measurement bias,it was needed more high-quality,large-scale randomized controlled clinical studies to validate.

Adult ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicosis ; blood

Objective The effect of lead exposure on children is consistently associated with intellectual and other neurologic deficits.However the exact mechanism by which Pb~(2+) exerts toxic effects on developmental central nervous system remains unknown.Our group has found by gene-chip test that the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) mRNA was changed by lead exposure.The present study aimed to examine the effects of different level of lead exposure on the expression of mCluR5 in gestation and lactation.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to lead acetate during gestation and lactation.Three concentrations of 0.05%,0.2%,and 0.5% lead acetate were applied and considered as low,middle and high exposure group respectively.The Pb levels of blood and hippocampus of pups were analyzed at weaning to evaluate the actual lead content at the end of the exposure.The impact of lead exposure on the expression of mGluR5 mRNA and protein in hippocampal tissue of pups was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot.The potential role of the expression of mGluR5 mRNA and protein in lead neurotoxicity were discussed.Results The levels of lead in blood and hippocampus from lead-exposed rats were significantly higher than those in the controls and positively related to the degree of lead exposure.The results of real-time PCR and Western blot showed that exposure to lead acetate decreased the expression of mCluR5 mRNA and protein with a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions Hippocampal mGluR5 might be involved in lead-induced neurotoxicity.

Adult ; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Adult ; Ethylene Oxide ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure

A rapid, sensitive and convenient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human plasma. d2-γ-Aminobutyric acid (d2-GABA) was synthesized as internal standard (IS). After extraction from human plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, all analytes were separated on a Luna HILIC column (100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of water: acetonitrile: formic acid (20 : 80 : 0.12) with a flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). Acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization using the transitions of m/z 104 --> 69 for GABA and m/z 106 --> 71 for d2-GABA. The method was linear in the concentration range of 5.00 to 1 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 9.9%, and accuracy ranged from 99.1% to 104%, within the acceptable limit across all concentrations. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of GABA tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; blood

The index components contents of different time and different stubbles in honeysuckle were measured by HPLC, and were analysis by using the method of SPSS. Results showed that the content of index ingredients of different time had differences, and firstly decreased, then increased with time. The content of index ingredients of different stubbles had significantly differences, and firstly decreased, then increased with time. The chlorogenic acid contents were 2.059%-3.593%. The luteolosid contents were 0.110%-0.171%. Results indicated that the best picking buds time is before seven o'clock in the morning and evening at before and after seven o'clock, the index component content is higher. Picking buds in spring and at autumn index component content is higher; Picking buds in summer index component content is low. The experiment provides theoretical support for quality control in the whole process of the honeysuckle harvested and comprehensive utilization of honeysuckle.
Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Luteolin ; analysis ; Seasons ; Time Factors

Objective To evaluate quantitatively the spasticity of elbow flexor biceps in stroke patients using integrated EMG (IEMG),and to correlate the IEMG with Ashworth scale.Methods The IEMG data was recorded from the biceps while passively stretch the elbow joint of a group of 90 subjects,and was correlated with the varying levels of Ashworth category(20 cases with grade 0,6 cases gradeⅠ,16 cases gradeⅠ~+,20 cases gradeⅡ,and 18 ca- ses gradeⅢ).Results The IEMG data were positively correlated with simultaneous Ashworth scale categories.The range of IEMG value corresponding to the Ashworth category is as follows:1.3～12.1 (6.7?5.4)?V?s vs Ash- worth grade 0;4.6～12.3 (8.5?3.9)?V?s vs Ashworth gradeⅠ.15.3～28.4(21.8?6.6)?V?s vs Ashworth gradeⅠ~+;37.2～68.9 (53.1?15.6)?V?s vs Ashworth gradeⅡ;82.3～144.1 (113.2?30.9)?V?s vs Ash- worth gradeⅢ.Conclusion The IEMG value can be used to quantify the spasticity of elbow flexor in stroke pa- tients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 in Wushan and Fengjie counties of Chongqing and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.MethodsTwenty townships(towns) in Fengjie county and 18 in Wushan county were selected as survey points by random cluster sampling in 2010.Dental fluorosis of all the children aged 8 - 12 was examined with Dean index.The detection rate of children's dental fluorosis,defect rate and dental fluorosis index were compared between the two counties.Results Totally 38 209 children aged 8 - 12 were investigated.The total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 43.09％( 16 466/38 209) in the two counties.The detection rates of dental fluorosis in Wushan and Fengjie were 48.98％ (9397/19 186)and 37.16％(7069/19 023),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(x2 =544.03,P ＜ 0.01 ).Total detection rates of dental fluorosis of the five age groups(8,9,10,11,and 12-year-old age groups) were 32.52％(2157/6632),40.07％(2672/6668),43.67％(3420/7831 ),46.01％ (3861/8391) and 50.14％ (4356/8687),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =510.50,P ＜ 0.01),Dental fluorosis indexes in Wushan and Fengjie were 0.713 and 0.485,respectively.Defect rates of dental fluorosis in Wushan and Fengjie were 4.05％ (777/19 186) and 1.57％(298/19 023),respectively.Conclusions The total detection rate of dental fluorosis of the two counties is still high,which gradually increases with age.Wushan is still an endemic area of dental fluorosis,and Fengjie is at the edge of the