Objective To study on the changes of the IL-6、IL-8、TNF-? in the type 2 diabetes with insulin resistance and the relation of plasma glucose or insulin resistance and cytokines. Methods (1) To assay the serum level of cytokines in 90 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 30 normal controls. (2)To measure the level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG),hemoglohin A_1c (HBA_1c),fasting insulin(FINS),fasting C-peptide (FCP).(3) To analysis the relation of the level of FPG,HBA_1c,FINS,FCP and cytokines. Results (1) The serum levels of cytokines in T2DM group were significantly increase than in control groups,IL-6 and TNF-? in T2DM group with insulin resistance were significantly increase than in T2DM group without insulin resistance (2) There was significantly positively correlated between insulin resistance and the increasing of cytokine levels. Conclusion There is an excess activation of cytokines in T2DM,which is significantly correlated with insulin resistance. Cytokines play the important role in the occurrence and development of T2DM and insulin resistance.

Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Societies, Medical ; United States

Objective To investigate the pathogens of acute respiratory infection of children.Methods A total of 159 children with acute respiratory infection who were hospitalized in our department from August 2005 to January 2006 were involved in this study.The serum IgM antibody of 18 pathogens were detected by indirect immunofluorescence test.The 18 pathogens included respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza A(H1N1,H3N2)and B viruses,parainfluenza viruses(PIV) type 1,2,3 and 4,coxsackie virus B1(CBV1),coxsackie virus A7(CAV7),echovirus(ECHO7),haemophilus influenzae(HI),klebsiella pneumoniae(KP),bordetella pertussis(BP),bordetella parapertussis(BPP) and legionella pneumophila serotype 1 and 12.Results The evidence of specific IgM was obtained in 103 of 159 patients(64.78%).Influenza A was found in 66 cases(64.08%),influenza B in 49 cases(47.57%),enterovirus in 26 cases(25.24%),RSV in 18 cases(17.48%),PIV in 11 cases(10.68%),and co-infection in 66 cases(64.08%),1/ 3 of them were co-infected with influenza A and B.Conclusions Viruses are the most common agents of acute respiratory infection.Influenza virus is predominant among them.

Accidents, Occupational ; prevention & control ; Emergency Medical Services ; organization & administration ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Risk Assessment

ObjectiveTo investigate the application of ASIA2000 classification in prognosis of spinal cord injury patients' neurological function. MethodsConsecutive observation was done to the 42 patients using ASIA2000 classification 1 month, 3 months and 12 months after injury respectively. ResultsTo the incomplete SCI patients, motor score, pin prick score and light touch score were significantly improved 3 months after injury compared with that in 1 month after injury (P<0.05), but no significant improvement was observed in the complete ones, nor did in all the patients between 3 months and 12 months after injury. ConclusionThe Standard Neurological Classification is more sensitive than Standard Impairment Classification in ASIA2000. Individuals within 3 months after injury got better neurological recovery than those more than 3 months after injury. Incomplete injuried individuals may get better neurological prognosis than complete ones.

ObjectiveTo investigate the test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability of ASIA2000 scale.MethodsTwenty-five hospitalized spinal cord injury volunteers were chosen according to the selective criteria. The items were retested by the same examiner one week later to determine the scale's test-retest reliability. Another doctor did the same work 24 h later to determine the scale's inter-rater reliability.ResultsThe Pearson correlation coefficients of the pin prick score, light touch score and motor score of the test-retest reliability were all above 0.90 (P<0.05), and the Kappa values of the ASIS impairment scale (AIS) and completeness of the injury were 0.787 and 0.756 (P<0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficients of the pin prick score, light touch score and motor score of the inter-rater reliability were all above 0.85 (P<0.05), and the Kappa values of the AIS and completeness of the injury were 0.802 and 0.764 (P<0.05).ConclusionThe ASIA2000 scale has good test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability.

Objective To observe the clinical effect and security of carvedilol on children with endocardial fibroelastosis(EFE).Methods Eighteen children with EFE treatment with carvedilol.The improvement of clinical symptom,heart rate,heart function,side effect and maximal tolerance dose after treatment with carvedilol were observed.Results The clinical symptom was obviously improved;eiection fraction(EF),fractional shortening(FS),mean velocity of circumferential fiber(Mvcf)were significantly increased,left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVDS),left ventricular mass(LVmass),interventricular septal thickness(IVSs)were notably decreased after treatment with carvedilol.Conclusions The data indicates that carvedilol can significantly reduce left ventricular diastolic dimension(LVDD),IVSs,and LVmass,inhibit the remodeling of ventricle,significantly elevate the heart function of EFE.So carvedilol is benefit and security on children with EFE.

AIM: To explore whether carnosine can protect α -crys-tallin modification and decreased chaperone by a steroid,and whether carnosine could directly react with a steroid.METHODS: Bovine lens α L-crystallin was separated by size-exclusion chromatography on a Sephacyl S-300 HR column. α L-Crystallin was incubated with different concentrations of prednisolone-21-hemisuccinate (P-21-H)with or without carnosine for different times. The chaperone activity of α L-crystallin was monitored using the prevention thermal aggregation of α L-crystallin. The modified α L-crystallinwas examined by SDS-PAGE and fluorescence measurements. The absorbance spectra of solutions of carnosine and P-21-H were investigated.RESULTS: P-21-H decreased the chaperone activity ofα L-crystallin in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion. Carnosine only worsened this effect. The tryptophan fluorescence intensity of α L-crystallin modified by P-21-H was significantly decreased compared to unmodified crystallin, whereas its non-tryptophan fluorescence was increased with a shift to longer wavelengths in a time- and dose-dependent manner, suggesting that new fluorophores are possibly formed. Carnosine readily reacted with P-21-H thereby inhibiting steroid-mediated protein modification as revealed electrophoretically. The increased absorbance was time-dependent, suggesting adducts may be formed between carnosine and P-21-H.CONCLUSION: Carnosine reacts with P-21-H, which suggests carnosine's potential as a possible anti-seroid agent.

Objective To observe the perioperative management of cardiac surgery and extracorporeal circulation method in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency(G6PD).Methods Ten patients with G6PD deficiency underwent uneventful cardiac surgery procedures between January 2005 and December 2010.Twenty patients who had non-G6PD deficiency were as a control group,the selected conditions were the same gender,age,body mass,the risk of heart disease surgery.The preoperative management in patients with G6PD deficiency mainly focused on avoiding the drugs implicated in haemolysis,reducing the surgical stress,using moderate hypothermia extracorporeal circulation and enhancing blood conservation.Observed indicators included the assisted ventilation time,urine volume,the drainage volume of chest tube,the amount transfusion of red blood cells and plasma,the level of hemoglobin and serum total bilirubin in the 2nd day after surgery,ICU stay.Results Compared with the control group,patients with G6PD deficiency had no significant difference in duration of ventilation after the operation,drainage,urine,Hgb,bilirubin levels,and blood transfusion[(9.3 ± 4.5)h vs (8.6 ± 5.7)h,(2100 ±670)ml vs (1950 ± 490) ml,(253 ± 146)ml vs (260 ± 120)ml,(1.3 ± 1.0)U vs (1.8 ± 1.2)U,(96 ± 25)g/L vs (99 ± 12)g/L,and (24 ± 8)μmol/L vs (27 ± 1 l)μmol/L,t =0.978,2.032,1.257,0.891,2.182,2.271,and 1.329,all P ＞ 0.05].The duration of ICU discharge was significantly longer in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient group[ (2.6 ± 0.6)d vs (1.8 ± 1.5)d,t =2.704,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Cardiac surgery can be performed safely in patients with G6PD deficiency with enhanced perioperative management.

Objective To evaluate the balance of Th1/Th2 cells in the period of remission stage of asthma from the aspects of genes and protein.Methods Peripheral blood from 24 children with asthma in remission stage(asthma group) was obtained.Cytokines interfe-(ron-?)(IFN-?) and interleukin-4(IL-4) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of T-bet mRNA and GATA-3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear Cells(PBMCs) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Another 12 healthy children were chosen as control group.Results The plasma level of IL-4 in asthma group was significantly higher than that in control group[(37.14?12.77) ng/L vs(27.08?6.12) ng/L,t=2.467 P