Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Glycyrrhetinic Acid/pharmacology* ; Humans

Humans ; Work

Private Sector ; Public Sector ; Social Responsibility

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Myocarditis ; diagnosis ; pathology

Tissue samples of Fabricius' bursa collected from Nanning, Yulin, Beihai and Wuzhou in the provinces of Guangxi in China during the years of 2000-2007, were detected by a established reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique for IBDV. Viral isolation was performed on the positive samples by chicken embryo inoculation via chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM). Results showed that 27 isolates of IBDV were obtained. A set of primers were designed to amplify the vVP2 of 27 isolates by RT-PCR and the PCR products were sequenced. The sequences of all the isolates and reference viruses were analyzed and compared, and their phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the nucleotide sequences. The results indicated that isolate BH11, TZ(3), 050222, YL051, NN0603, NN0611and QX0602 etc, altogether 17 isolates, which accounted for 62.96 percent of total isolates, were identified to be very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and have the highest homology to vvIBDV reference strains. In the phylogenetic analysis, they are divided into 3 groups and have a long distance to commonly used vaccine stains. Isolate NN040124 and YL052 were identified as intermediate-plus virulent strains and showed a highest homology to classical strains of 52-70 and STC. 8 isolates of YLZF2, 040131 etc were identified as attenuated vaccine strains and showed a highest homology to classical strain of CU1. The results from the study demonstrated that the viruses prevailing in chickens in these 4 regions in Guangxi province in the recently 7 years were vvIBDV and their origins were complex. The antigenicity of some isolates may have been drifted.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Birnaviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; veterinary ; virology ; Chickens ; China ; epidemiology ; Infectious bursal disease virus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Poultry Diseases ; epidemiology ; virology ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

Pseudomonas sp. ZD8 isolated from contaminated soil was immobilized with platane wood chips to produce packing materials for a novel biofilter system utilized to control restaurant emissions. The effects of operational parameters including retention time, temperature, and inlet gas concentration on the removal efficiency and elimination capacity were evaluated. Criteria necessary for a scale-up design of the biofilter was established. High and satisfactory level of rapeseed oil smoke removal efficiency was maintained during operation and the optimal retention time was found to be 18 s corresponding to smoke removal efficiency greater than 97%. The optimal inlet rapeseed oil smoke loading was 120 mg/(m(3) x h) at the upper end of the linear correlation between inlet loading and elimination capacity.
Air Pollutants ; isolation & purification ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Cells, Immobilized ; Filtration ; instrumentation ; methods ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oils ; metabolism ; Pseudomonas ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Restaurants ; Smoke ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Waste Management ; instrumentation ; methods

Alleles ; Amelogenin/genetics* ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Determination Analysis

OBJECTIVEThe study was conducted to reveal the distribution of genetic polymorphism of four Y chromosome specific short tandem repeat (Y-specific STR) loci in Li ethnic groups in Hainan Island, China.

METHODSFour tetranucleotide STR loci were simultaneously amplified with fluorescently labeled primers, and genotypes were determined with an automated DNA sequencer.

RESULTSAmong 230 unrelated males, the alleles at the four Y-specific STR loci were composed of some complex repeat structure. 4,5,4,5 alleles were observed in loci DYS3891, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393 respectively. A set of human allele ladders for the typing of the four Y-specific STRs was obtained in Li ethnic population. Gene diversity index (D) and haplotype diversity data were estimated for the four Y-STRs.

CONCLUSIONThe preliminary study indicates a reference population for detecting male migration events and should be useful in population genetics and forensic applications.

China ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; DNA ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of biliary diseases.

METHODSCEUS was performed in 57 patients with biliary diseases. The contrast enhancement characteristics and the morphologic features were observed. The ultrasonographic results were compared with those obtained through conventional 2-D ultrasound (2D-US), color Doppler flow ultrasound (CDFI), and clinical, surgical, and laboratory findings. In some cases, the ultrasonographic results were also compared with those obtained from contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

RESULTSThe diagnostic accuracy of 2D-US combined with CEUS was significantly higher than that of 2D-US combined with CDFI 87.7% vs 71.9%; chi(2) = 4.41, P < 0.05). CEUS clearly showed the presence/absence of blood supply in biliary lesions and offered real-time imaging of the microcirculation perfusion in the lesions. It also offered useful information to differentiate biliary tumors from stones, bile mud, and/or blood clots. It distinctly displayed the size and contour of the lesions as well as the infiltrated range, depth, and the involved area. However, CEUS is most useful in reflecting blood perfusion patterns; it had limited value in differentiating the malignancies of polypoid lesions. The diagnostic accuracy (87.0% vs 91.3%;chi(2) = 0. 45, P > 0.05) and the size and range of the lesions displayed (0.4-6.2 cm vs 0.4-6.0 cm, P = 0.721) were not significantly different between CEUS and CECT.

CONCLUSIONCEUS is a useful tool in the routine ultrasonography of biliary diseases.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThe phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway is considered to play an important role in tumorigenesis. Frequent somatic mutations in the PI3K subunit p110a (PIK3CA) occur in a variety of cancer types. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between PIK3CA mutation in breast cancer and pathological features and outcome of patients.

METHODSThe PIK3CA mutations in exons 7, 9, 20 were screened in 250 primary breast cancers using PCR and fluorescent (F)-SSCP, and the results were analyzed according to their cliniopathological data.

RESULTSThe frequency of PIK3CA mutations among the 250 cases was 35.2% (88/250), point mutations in exon 7 were found in 8 (3.2%) cases,40 (16.0%) cases in exon 9 and 47 (18.8%) cases in exon 20. No significant correlation between PIK3CA mutation and age, histological type, differentiation, and lymph node metastasis was observed. Mutations were associated with larger tumor size (P = 0.004) and positive estrogen receptor status (P = 0.008). Patients with PIK3CA mutations showed a significantly worse survival (P = 0.004), particularly in those with positive estrogen receptor expression or non-amplified HER-2 (both P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONSPIK3CA mutations may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of breast cancer. The association with large tumor size, ER+ and poor survival indicates that PIK3CA mutation could be an independent factor for tumor malignant phenotype and prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Exons ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden ; Young Adult