Objective To compare the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and PT in survival prediction of hepatitis B patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Methods One hundred and thirty-nine hepatitis B patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure were divided into survival and death group, and evaluated by MELD and FT. The area under ROC curve was used to compare the MELD and PT. The mortality was observed within 3 months. Results The MELD score and PT of survival group was 25.09 ± 3.92 and (26.46 ± 6.46) seconds respectively, and those for the death group were 36.25 ± 6.42 and (40.78 ± 10.80) seconds. The differences were of statistical significance ( P < 0.01 ). MELD score showed significant correlations with PT(r =0.824, P <0.01). The area under ROC curve was 0.936 (95% CI 0.895 ± 0.977 ) on MELD score and 0. 890 (95 % CI 0.839 ± 0.941 ) on PT, and there was no significant difference between them. Conclusions Both MELD score and PT can accurately predict the short-term prognosis of hepatitis B patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. The validity of prognosis by MELD is similar to PT. The mortality increases with the MELD score and PT increasing.

The effect of dauricine on platelet aggregation and its mechan-ism have been studied in the patients and in rabbits. Dauricine inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and generation of thromboxane B2 significantly, but had no effect on plasma 6-keto-PGF1a concentrations in the patients. It did not influence the levels of cAMP of platelets and plasma in rabbits. Its property of antipla-telet aggregation may relate to the influence on arachidonic acid metabolism.

Objective To study immunological property of chimeric BPVL1 / HPV16 E7 virus-like particles (VLPs) in mice. Methods HPV16 E7 gene was cut into three fragments, ligated to BPVL1 sequence, respectively, and then expressed as chimeric VLPs. The ability of the chimeric VLPs to stimulate in vivo cytotoxic response was analysed with lymphocytes taken from mice C57BL/6J lymph nodes. Results A strong CTL response against C-2 cells (HPV16 E7 aa47-59 transfected EL-4 cell) was induced in mice immunised with chimeric VLPs BPVL1 / HPV16 E7(b). Furthermore, no CTL response was detected against EL-4 cells in immunized mice. Conclusions Chimeric BPVL1/HPV16 E7 VLPs, serving as antigens, can activate mouse T lymphocytes and elicit a strong antigen-specific CTL response. Chimeric BPVL1/HPV16 E7 VLPs could be used as an efficient antigen delivery system, and might provide a novel strategy for HPV16 vaccine design.

The emergent and severe diseases always shows the characteristics of acute course, severe condition, rapid changes, and many complications. The common treatments based on syndrome differentiation usually lacked dynamics and promptness. The treatment of emergent and severe diseases emphasized the importance of early interventions, which can reverse the acute trend of the diseases and improve the outcomes. This article discuessed in five parts, including the meaning and significance of trend identification, the physiological and pathological trend of the human body, the influence factors of diseases' trend, how to carry out a trend identification and intervention strategies of trend identification. It elaborated the theory about the trend identification in the emergent and severe diseases.

Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology ; Regeneration ; Tissue Engineering

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) in optic nerve, visual cortex, cerebella, spinal cord and sciatic nerve of normal adult mice.MethodsTwelve healthy adult BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into two groups.The immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of PirB in the tissues described above respectively.ResultsBoth the immunohistochemistry and Western blot test revealed that the expression of PirB was positive in the optic nerve, visual cortex, cerebella and spinal cord, but negative in the sciatic nerve.The positive signals in the sections were located in the cell bodies and the neurites were observed in some of them.Western blot showed the apparent positive band of PirB in the optic nerve, visual cortex, cerebella and spinal cord rather than in the sciatic nerve.The protein expression level of PirB was relatively high in the visual cortex (P ＜0.05) but relatively low in the optic nerves (P ＜0.01).ConclusionThe PirB expresses positively in the optic nerve, indicating that PirB protein may closely correlate with the poor regeneration of the optic nerve.

Objective To compare the agreement among Chinese 1992, 2008 and UICC 2010 staging systems of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and evaluate their predictive value of radiotherapeutic prognosis.Methods 347 NPC patients without distant metastasis treated in our hospital from 2000 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.Every patient was categorized into T, N, and clinical stage by Chinese 1992, 2008 and UICC 2010 staging systems, respectively.Kappa value was used to evaluate the agreement among three systems.Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the 5-year overall survival (OS), local-free survival (LFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), the difference between subgroup was tested by Logrank.Results The agreement of clinical stage, T and N stage between Chinese 2008 and UICC 2010 staging system was better than that of them compared to 1992 staging system, Kappa value were 0.700、0.881 and 0.722.The agreement of T stage was better than N and clinical stage among these three staging system.The difference of OS between stageⅢ and stage Ⅳ was significant in Chinese 2008 and UICC 2010 staging system (χ2=4.48,P=0.034;χ2=8.88,P=0.003), and with no different in 1992 staging system (χ2=0.40,P=0.526).There was no significant difference of LFS between T1 and T2,T2 and T3,T3 and T4 in all staging systems (χ2=1.85,0.53,0.50,P=0.174,0.467,0.479;χ2=1.25,2.10,1.99,P=0.264,0.148,0.159;χ2=0.77,0.60,0.87, P=0.381,0.441,0.350).There were no significant differencesin 1992 staging system, while there was significant differences of DMFS between N1 and N2, N2 and N3 in 2008 stage system, N1 and N2 in UICC 2010 stage system.Conclusions The predictive value of Chinese 2008 and UICC 2010 staging system for prognosis were similar, and were better than that of 1992 staging system in NPC.

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Objective To prepare RGD and TAT co-modified paclitaxel loaded liposome(RGD/TAT-LP-PTX)for A 549 cells targeting.Method The co-modified liposome was prepared by film-ultrasonic method. The appearance,particle size,Zeta potential were evaluated. The cellular uptake by A 549 cells in vitro was used to evaluate the targeting efficiency. The anti-proliferation efficiency of RGD/TAT-LP-PTX was evaluated by MTT assay. Results The particle diameter of the co-modified liposome was (118.5±11.4) nm with the Zeta potential of (21.58±2.42 )mV. The entrapment efficiency of PTX was 86.5%. The result demonstrated that the co-modified liposome uptaken by A 549 were 2.1, 2.8 times higher than that of TAT-LP and RGD-LP, respectively. The RGD/TAT-LP-PTX shows the highest anti-proliferation efficiency. Conclusion The co-modified liposome might serve as a promising tumor delivery system of antitumor drugs.

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of internal fixation assisted by thoracoscope in treatment of rib fractures.Methods The study enrolled 180 patients with rib fractures associated with thoracic deformity hospitalized from July 2010 to June 2013.Ninety out of the patients were operated on by thoracoscope-assisted internal fixation (operation group),and the remaining 90 fractures were treated non-operatively (non-operation group).Clinical markers recorded were duration of pain,time of ventilator use,hospital length of stay and complications.Patient mental health was measured with self esteem scale (SES).Patient mobility was evaluated at follow-up.Results Between operation and non-operation groups differences were observed in duration of pain [(3.1 ± 1.0)d vs (8.9 ± 1.2) d],time of ventilator use [(3.0 ± 1.0) d vs (4.8 ± 1.0) d] and hospital length of stay [(10.0 ± 1.1) d vs (15.8 ± 1.0) d] (P ＜ 0.01).SES in operation group was (28.3 ± 2.1) versus (24.4 ± 3.3) points in non-operation group (P ＜ 0.01).No major complications occurred in operation group,but there were 20 pleural effusion,15 severe thoracic collapse or deformity,14 lung infection,10 refractory chest pain and 2 upper limb dysfunction in non-operation group (P ＜0.01).Two patients presented mobility limitation in operation group,but 12 had evident loss of mobility in non-operation group (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Thoracoscope-assisted internal fixation is effective to accelerate the pace of recovery,relieve pains,reduce complications and thus can be a priority method for treatment of rib fractures.