Objective To investigete the viral and atypical pathogens in children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) .Methods A total of 17 048 serum samples were collected from children ,who were intended to diagnose as ARI .Indirect immunofluores-cence assays were performed to detect IgM antibodies against 9 common pathogens ,including mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) ,influen-za virus B(FluB) ,respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) ,parainfluenza virus(PIV) ,adenovirus(ADV) ,influenza A virus(FluA) ,legio-nella pneumophila(LPN) ,coxiella burnetii(COX) ,chamydophila pneumonia(CPn) .Results The total detection rate of the 9 patho-gens was 60 .24% (10 269/17 048) .The detection rate of MP was 47 .78% (8 146/17 048) which was the highest ,followed by FluB which was 30 .87% (5 262/17 048) .The detection rate of MP kept at a high level through the whole year ;FluB appeared a little popular in the summer ,winter and spring ;RSV had higher detection rate in winter and spring ;ADV had higher detection rate in spring ;FluA appeared a little popular in spring and summer ;PIV and LPN didn′t show any seasonal change .There were significant differences in the detection rates of ADV ,CPn ,FluA ,FluB ,LPN ,MP ,PIV and RSV among different age groups (P< 0 .05) .In mixed infection with 2 kinds of pathogens ,MP+FluB was the most common pattern which accounted for 39 .58% of mixed infec-tion .In mixed infection with 3 kinds of pathogens ,MP+FluB+RSV was the most common pattern which accounted for 13 .68% .In mixed infection with 4 kinds of pathogens ,MP+ FluB+ RSV+ PIV was the most common pattern which accounted for 3 .84% . Other mixed infection pattern was rare .Conclusion The most common pathogens causing ARI in children of Wuhan were MP ,FluB and RSV .The detection rate of each pathogen displayed specific seasonal variations and variations among different age groups . Mixed infections were more common than single infections ,and the most common pattern was MP+ FluB .

OBJECTIVE To study the meaning of detecting the antibody of Salmonella typhi by gel technique(GEL). METHODS Minigel column technique(MGCT) and Widal reaction(WR) were used to detect the antibody among 32 suspicious typhoid and paratyphoid patients. RESULTS Among them,the titers of various kinds of antibody of S.typhi "O","H","?","?",and "?" with GEL were 1-2 orders higher than with WR.There was a significant difference in statistics. CONCLUSIONS It is convenient and fast to detected the antibody of S.typhi.And it can give important reference data for the clinic.

AIM:To investigate the effect of case-based learning ( CBL) teaching combination with paper review method in the teaching of ophthalmology residents. ·METHODS:The study was conducted from 2015 to 2016. The residents in Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital were included in the research. During the year of 2015, the traditional lecture-based learning ( LBL) method was applied (as a control group). During the year of 2016, the CBL teaching combination with paper review teaching method was applied (as an experimental group). At the end of the course, exams and questionnaires were conducted to evaluate the teaching effect of two different methods. The exams consisted of theoretical and operational assessment. The teaching satisfactions, learning interests, scientific research interests and clinical abilities were included in the questionnaires. The data was analyzed by SPSS 16. 0. ·RESULTS:The results of final exams indicated that the scores of the experimental group (88. 2±6. 5) were higher than the control group ( 75. 6 ± 6. 0 ). The difference showed statistically significant (t=6. 68, P<0. 05). The results of questionnaires indicated that students showed much more satisfied with CBL teaching combination with paper review teaching method ( 91%) than traditional teaching method (50%, x2 =8. 84, P<0. 05). Students in the experimental group improved learning interest ( x2 =6. 29, P<0. 05), increased research interest (x2=4. 54, P<0.05) and approved clinical ability (x2 =4. 25, P<0. 05). The comparison of two groups showed the statistically difference (P<0. 05). ·CONCLUSION: CBL teaching combination with paper review teaching method is beneficial to improve the teaching effect, and it is also beneficial to train residents'clinical skills and research abilities.

ObjectiveTo explore the significance and the scheme of OSCE ( Objective structural clinical examination ) applied in clinical resident training and examination. MethodsOSCE were adopted to train and evaluate residents clinical skills. 180 residents were trained through OSCE for two weeks.Then a test on clinical skills of the residents by OSCE was conducted after training. 172 questionnaires of evaluation on the training effect were collected and analyzed. ResultsWith regard to the training and examination of clinical skill, 96.51％ residents considered that it was helpful for clinical work, 98.26％ considered that it would make their operation more standandized. ConclusionThe training through OSCE is an important way to improve and evaluate clinical skills of residents and may be widely applied.

Objective To study CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal neoplasm(PRN).Methods CT data in 23 cases of PRN confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analysed.Results There were 11 results of pathology in 23 cases,of them,14 cases were mesenchymal tissue-origin(12 cases were malignant neoplasm),4 cases were nervous tissue-origin(all benign),4 cases were rudimental embryonal tissue-origin(3 cases were benign diseases and one case was malignant),the source of unknown-origin in one case was malignant neoplasm.Most of these PRN showed such common CT manifestations as other tumors in the same location,but they had own special CT features respectively.Conclusion PRN have many typies,CT features of PRN in combination with the history,age and location can improve the diagnosis of histological classification and the diagnosis of the nature of tumors.

AIM: To explore the clinical effects of high frequency electrical capsulotomy in maturation period cataract surgery.
●METHODS: A total of 68 cases of maturation period cataract were selected and underwent the surgery of continuous circular capsulorhexis using the high frequency electrical capsulotomy.
●RESULTS: The success rate was 91% in 68 cases with the high frequency electrical capsulotomy.
● CONCLUSION: The high frequency electrical capsulotomy in maturation period cataract surgery has significant advantages and brilliant clinical values.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy within concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT)for local advanced cervical cancer (LACC:Stage Ⅰb2 - Ⅳa).Methods 42 LACC patients were treated with CCRT combining with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy (CCRT group),and another 60 LACC patients were under-went radiotherapy alone (control group).The clinical efficacy,adverse reactions and overall survivals (OAS)were evaluated,be-tween the two groups,respectively.Results Overall response rate was 92.8% in CCRT group.Of 42 patients,24 had achieved complete response (CR)in CCRT group (57.1%).The 5-year overall survival rate in CCRT group was 76.2%,which was signifi-cantly higher than that of control group (49.3%),respectively (P =0.01).Multivariate COX proportional hazards model revealed that the clinical stage(P =0.01 6),pelvic positive lymph nodes (P =0.007)were independent factors of monitoring prognosis of LACC patients treated with CCRT combining with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy.Conclusion CCRT with intra-arterial infu-sion chemotherapy is a safe and effective method for LCCA,and clinical stage and pelvic positive lymph node were independent fac-tors of the prognosis of patients.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; immunology ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; immunology ; pathology ; Epoxy Resins ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; immunology ; Plastic Embedding ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Objective:Our purpose was to investigate the function of angiotensis converting enzyme(ACE) in the occurrence and development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH). Methods:The study group included 30 pregnant women diagnosed with PIH( 10 mild, 10 moderate, 10 severe). Thirty healthy pregnant women were selected as the control group. The serum was assayed for the activity of ACE by using color comparison method, hippuric acid used as the substrate. Results:The activity of ACE of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Significantly positive correlationships existed between mean blood pressure, degree of adema, level of urine protein,and uric acid. Conclusion:The elevation of serum activity of ACE is related to the occurrence and development of PIH.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the drug turnover rate and the work efficiency of drug storehouse,and to reduce the cost of drug storage. METHODS:Based on ABC dynamic classification,original drug procurement management module in HIS was im-proved. Scientific,accurate and reasonable drug procurement plan was generated by the system automatically through setting pro-curement proportion coefficient. Drug procurement by type was achieved through adding classification scanning function,based on distribution mode and drug property classification. Related index were compared before and after improvement to evaluate the ef-fects of the improvement. RESULTS:Compared with before improvement,average monthly inventory amount of drugs in our hos-pital reduced by 6.44%,turnover rate increased by 47.13%(increasing from 4.18% to 6.15%),and the time for developing pro-curement plan decreased by 75.00%(decreasing from 8 h to 2 h). CONCLUSIONS:The improvement of drug procurement man-agement module effectively reduce drug inventory and improve turnover rate of drugs and work efficiency.