Natamycin is a polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic ,which is wide ly used in the food industry in order to prevent mould contamination .Biosynthe s is gene cluster of natamycin is discovered by the overall of progress in molecul ar biology of natamycin, including 16 open reading frames which includes the gen e for 26-member ring formation of natamycin (pimS0-pimS4 ) and the modifying gene s, and the function of the protein including polyketide synthases(PKSs)、PimD、P imJ、PimK were studied

Platelet function testing is essential for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.Only simple and convenient method of platelet function testing can become the conventional detection method for patients with ischemic stroke and can be used to the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke in clinical practice.

Objective To study the cause, prophyl ax is and management of the complications of laser treatment for varicose veins of the lower extremity. Method From Sep 2003 to Dec 2004, 52 patients (65 limbs) underwent endovenous ablat ion procedures. The laser was introduced into the vein to achieve venous occlusi on. Results Postoperative complications included ecchymosis in 12 cases, skin burn in 14 cases, saphenous nerve injury in 7 cases, thrombophlebitis in 3 cases, and subcutaneous fat liqu idation and infection in 2 cases. Most of the complications subsided after sympt omatic treatment in 2 to 3 weeks. Conclusion Most complications of laser treatment for varicose veins are transient and self-healing.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol using pharmacokinetic parameters reported by Marsh to predict plasma propofol concentration in Chinese. MethodsTwenty-two ASA I - II patients were divided into two groups: group Y aged65 yr ( n = 11). Patients with liver, kidney or cardiovascular diseases were excluded. The patients were premedicated with pethidine 50mg and phenobarhital 0.1 g im. Radial artery and internal jugular vein(IJV) were cannulated. The pharmacokinetic parameters incorporated in the Graseby 3500 pump we used were: V1=228 ml-kg-1 , K10 =0.119 min-1 ,K12=0.112 min-1, K2l=0.055min-1 , K13 =0.0419 min-1 ,K31 =0.0033 min-1. Target concentration was started with 2ug-ml-1 and increased at increment of 1ugml-1 until loss of consciousness. The patient was then intubated. When target concentration of propofol was increased, the concentration of inhalation anesthetic was reduced to maintain hemodynamic stability. When target concentration of propofol was increased, arterial blood sample was taken 1-3 times for determination of plasma propofol concentration measured by HPLC (Agilent 1100) . Then blood samples every 10-15 min. For each sample prediction error(PE) and constancy error(CE) were calculated. For each patient median prediction error(MDPE), median absolute prediction error(MDAPE) . Median absolute constancy error (MDACE) and median constancy error (MDCE) were calculated.ResultsThere was remarkable initial overshot. PE and absolute PE were 63.3 % and 66.2 % in group E and 62.1 % and 62.7% in group Y. CE and absolute CE were -0.3% and 12.7% in group E and 0.6% and 13.5% in group Y. The median value of MDPE ( = the median value of MDAPE) was 78.1 % in group E and 66.1% in group Y. The median value of MDCE was 0.2% (group E) and 0.8% (group Y) and MDACE was 12.5% (group E) and 13.5% (group Y) . The measured concentrations were significantly linearly correlated with the premedicated concentrations. Conclusion TCI system with propofolpharmacokinetic parameters reported by Marsh can lead to initial overshot and underestimate the measured plasma propofol concentration but it can maintain a stable plasma concentration

Objective To compare the pharmacokinetic profile of propofol after a single intravenous dose during induction in the elderly and young patients. Methods Eighteen ASA I-II patients undergoing elective gastro-intestinal and intracranial surgery were studied. Patients with abnormal liver and/or kidney function were excluded. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 100mg and scopolamine 0.3mg 1h before operation. The patients were divided into two groups according to their age; the young and middle-aged group, aged between 31-57, on average 46. 5yr (A, n=6); the elderly group, aged between 67-81 yr, on average 74.6 yr(E, n = 12) . Group E was further divided into two subgroups: E1 aged between 67-73 yr, on average 69 .3 yr (n = 6); E2 aged between 76-81 yr,on average 78. 7 yr ( n=6 ) . In group A anesthesia was induced with propofol 1 . 5rng kg-1 , midazolam 0.03-0.06mg kg-1 , fentanyl 3-5ugkg-1 and vecuronium 0. 1 mgkg-1 . In group E propofol 1.0 mgkg-1 was given but the doses of the other three drugs for induction were the same as in group A. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane 0.5%-2.0% supplemented with intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl, vecuronium and midazolam. ECG, BP, SpO2 , PET CO2 , CVP and urine output were continuously monitored during anesthesia. Propofol was given in bolus through the vein in the forearm slowly over 30-45 s, and blood samples were taken from internal jugular vein before propofol injection and 1 ,2,4 ,6,10,15,30,45,60,75, 90,120 ,150 ,180,240 ,300,360min after the end of propofol injection for measurement of plasma propofolconcentration by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Results The pharmacokinetics of propofol in the 18 patients were best described by a three compartment pharmacokinetic model. The dose-corrected mean plasma concentrations of propofol in group A were lower at 1,2,4,6,10 min after the end of propofol injection (P

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) may result in neurovascular unit (NVU) injury,causing cognitive impairment.The NVU consists of neurons,glial cells,vascular cells and extracellular matrix.The damage of NVU can induce the blood-brain barrier dysfunction,abnormal cell signaling,as well as cognitive impairment.However,its molecular mechanism is unclear.Thus,investigating the role of NUV in CCH-induced cognitive impairment may provide a theoretical basis for the novel treatment of cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND:Spiral acetabular prosthesis has good stability during total hip arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the early therapeutic effect of Zweymüler spiral acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
METHODS:Totaly 38 patients (48 hips) with developmental dysplasia of the hip received total hip arthroplasty with Zweymüler spiral acetabular prosthesis from January 2011 to June 2013 were selected. The clinical effect was observed after the operation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 38 patients were folowed up for 21-46 months (averagely 42.3 months). One case suffered from deep venous thrombosis. Harris scores and Charnely scores apparently increased after surgery compared with that before surgery. The mean length of the osteotomy was 2.42±0.48 cm, and the mean extended length of the affected limb was 4.58±1.15 cm. X-ray films showed that there was no disunion of the osteotomy, no subsidence and loosening of prosthesis. The position of the acetabulum was suitable. The healing time of bone graft was 3-11 months (averagely 5.3 months). The coverage of the acetabular component was 92.5%, with a good initial stability, and the excelent rate of the operation was 90%. The satisfaction rate of patients was 84%. These results indicate that the Zweymüler spiral acetabular prosthesis has the advantages of reasonable design, good initial stability, low loosening rate and high satisfaction degree. However, the number of cases of this study was relatively smal, the folow-up time was short, and only the short-term effect was evaluated. Thus, the midterm and long-term effects need to be observed by the folow-up evaluation.

Objective To observe the clinical effectiveness of early sequential nutrition support (ESN)in the treatment of acute exacer-bation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD)patients complicated with type Ⅱ respiration failure.Methods Eighty-four AE-COPD patients with type Ⅱ respiration failure were enrolled into our study and received the conventional therapies such as mechanical venti-lation,anti-infection,spasmolysis and asthma control.Patients were randomized assigned into the ESN group (n =42)and the total parenteral nutrition group (TPN,n =42)according to the nutritional care methods,and the clinical effectiveness were observed.Results Clinical symptoms were significantly improved in both of the two groups.However,the total effective rate,average length of stay,pulmonary function, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF)and serum albumin levels were significantly better in the ESN group,and the differences were ofstatistical significance (P <0.05).Conclusion The study comfirmed the necessity of ESN application on the AECOPD patients with type Ⅱ respira-tion failure,which can further improve the treatment effectiveness and nutrition status.

[Objective] To observe the de-jaundice of severe jaundice hepatitis with TCM enema.[Method] 87 cases of chronic virus hepatitis with hyperbilirubinemia were randomly divided into 2 groups,the treatment group treated with TCM preserving enema and routine combination of TCM and western medicine which could protect liver and decrease enzyme and de-jaundice.The control one used only the later,observed for 6 weeks.[Result] The reduction of total bilirubin of the treatment group was larger than control group,P

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Nerves ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Young Adult