ObjectiveTo compare tongue positions at rest between normal occlusion people and patients with anterior cross-bite malocclusions,and to explore whether there is any abnormality in the tongue position of the anterior cross-bite malocclusions.Methods Twenty adults of normal bite (8 males and 12 females,with an average age of 23.8 years) and 20 adults of anterior cross-bite (1 1males and 9 females,with an average age of 24.6 years) were involved in this study.The position habits of tongue were investigated by a questionnaire.The tongue positions,which were enhanced by applying barium to tongue and palatal surface,were compared by cephalometric roentgenogram.Two groups were compared by t-test to determine the variation of anterior cross-bite. Results In normal occlusion group,the dorsum of tongues was sealed with all palatal surfaces except uvula site.In anterior cross bite group,tongues were far from palate,and were difficult to lift.The profile of tongue showed standing upright forward and up in normal occlusion group,while inclining back and low in anterior cross-bite group.The tops of tongue dorsum sites were at the border of soft and hard palate in normal occlusion group.While in anterior cross bite group,the tops of tongue dorsum sites were at the border of uvula and soft palate.In anterior cross-bite group,the tongue-to palate distance was bigger than that of normal occlusion group (P＜0.01).However,both length and height of the tongue had no significant differences between two groups (P＞0.05).ConclusionsIn anterior cross-bite patients,tongue positions were lower than that of normal occlusion people.

OBJECTIVESTo induce autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (aMSC) into chondrocyte, and to confirm the effects of 3 dimensional (3D) dynamic inducing in vitro and their long-term animal model repairing in vivo.

METHODSaMSC were separated from rabbits bone marrow aspirates, then respectively experienced 3D dynamic inducing in alginate drops in modified rotating wall bioreactor culture or in two dimensional (2D) inducing (culture flask) for 10 d. The induced cells were harvest and then mixed with fibrin sealant (FS) to repair rabbit knee femoral trochlea cartilage defects model. After 8, 12, 24, 48 weeks animals were euthanized. Gross appearance, histological appearances were examined.

RESULTSFlask culture groups showed a little chondrocyte differentiation, 3D inducing group showed obviously chondrocyte differentiation, improved collagen II and proteoglycan production. For 3D inducing ones in vivo, the cartilage defects were smoothly repaired by white translucent hard tissue with obvious hyaline-like cartilage histological appearance after 8, 12 weeks, and the defects boundary were hard to be identified with hyaline like cartilage with sustained histological appearance and score after 24, 48 weeks. For 2D ones in vivo, the cartilage defects were smoothly repaired after 8 weeks by hyaline like cartilage which showed accelerated degeneration after 24 weeks and lose cartilage performance completely after 48 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS3D dynamic inducing may assist aMSC on differentiating into chondrocyte, improve its long-term in vivo repairing effects, and enlighten its further applications in tissue engineering cartilage.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cartilage, Articular ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; Chondrogenesis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Rabbits ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Wound Healing

The aim of this study is to prepare self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of the mixture of paeonol (Pae) and borneol (Bor). Solubility test, ternary phase diagrams and simplex lattice method were employed to screen and optimize the formulation of the mixture of Pae and Bor-loaded SMEDDS. After formed into microemulsions, the particle diameter (PD) was determined and a TEM was employed to observe the microemulsions' morphology. The contents of Pae and Bor were determined by gas chromatography. As a result, while ethyl oleate (EO) as the oil phase, cremophor EL35 (EL35) as surfactant and Transcutol HP (HP) as cosurfactant, the range of the microemulsion on the ternary phase diagram was larger than other combinations. And at a ratio of 20:45:35, the microemulsions' PD was about 34 nm and the polydispersity index (PI) was about 0.2. There were 16% of Pae, 2% of Bor, 16% of EO, 37% of EL35 and 29% of HP in the prepared SMEDDS. The preparation process of the Pae and Bor-loaded SMEDDS based on Xingbi Fang is simple and feasible. This study provides a reference for the researches on the related traditional Chinese medicine and the related components.

Because of the changed metabolic behaviors of cancer cells, tumor cells uptake a corresponding larger amount of glucose in physiological condition when compared with normal cells. And they were prone to metabolize glucose for generating energy in anaerobic glycolysis ways in order to grow quickly. Anaerobic glycolysis consumes more glucose than aerobic way when the same amount of energy is obtained, which also results in large demand of glucose in tumor cells. This review briefly describes therapy methods related to characteristic mentioned above, and summarizes the research progress of drugs, diagnostic reagents and carriers conjugated with glucose, glucose derivatives or other kinds of sugars for cancer targeting. Furthermore, typically relative research reports from 2012 till now were listed and analyzed.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Carriers ; Energy Metabolism ; Glucose ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; metabolism ; therapeutic use ; Glycoconjugates ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Glycolysis ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; Humans ; Ifosfamide ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Nitroimidazoles ; chemistry ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the novel V617F point mutation of JAK2 gene by real-time PGR in the patients with chronic myeloproliferative disease (CMPD) and evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Genomic DNA from bone marrow or peripheral blood mononuclear cells was extracted from 56 patients with CMPD, including 26 cases of polycythemia vera (PV), 24 cases of essential thrombocythemia (ET), 5 cases of chronic idiopathicmyelofibrosis (CIMF) and 1 case of high eosinophilic syndrome (HES). The exon 14 of JAK2 gene which harbourd V617F mutation were screened by real-time PGR. Results JAK2 V617F mutation was measured in 29 of the 56 patients with CMPD. The prevalence of mutation was 65.38 %(17/26) in PV,37.50 % in ET and 60.00 %(3/5) in CIMF. The proportion of mutation in PV, ET and CIMF are respectively 53.85 %(14/26), 29.17 %(7/24), 40.0 %(2/5) in heterozygotes and 11.54 %(3/26), 8.33 %(2/24), 20.00 %(1/5)in homozygotes. JAK2 mutation was negative in one patient with HES. JAK2 V617F allele burden in PV, ET and CIMF are respectively 2.14×102-1.5×107, 9.80×102-4.4×107 and 4.10×103-3.70×106 copies. Conclusion Real-time PCR is a useful tool for pre cisely assess the grade of mutant allele burden as well as to screen JAK2V617F mutation simultaneously, which is simple and convenient to carry out in clinical laboratories for diagnosis and further evaluations of minimal residual disease in CMPD patients.

Objective To explore the correlation among serum total bilirubin (TBil) , invasive hemodynamic parameters, plasma N-terminal proBNP (NT-preBNP) and C reactive protain (CRP)in patients with heart failure. Methods Invasive hemodynamic parameters derived from Swan-Ganz catheter, TBil, plasma NT-proBNP and CRP within 12 hours after hospital admission were analyzed in 130 patients with chronic heart failure [Now York Heart Association (NYHA) class Ⅱ -Ⅳ]. Results Compared with those in non-hyperbilirubinemia group, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), NT-proBNP and left ventriculure ejection fraction were different significantly in total hyperbilirubinemia group [(26. 09 vs 16.00) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0. 133 kPa), (3.36 vs2.91) pmol/L, (34. 12 vs 28.92)%, P<0. 05]. The serum TBil increased significantly in higher PCWP, right atrial pressure and NT-proBNP groups than those in lower level groups [(32. 22 vs 24. 17), (37.52 vs 24. 19), (32. 14 vs 16. 74) pmol/L, P < 0.05]. Partial correlation analysis showed serum TBil was associated with PCWP, right atrial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance index and NT-proBNP respectively (r = 0. 21, P = 0. 02; r = 0. 33, P < 0. 01 ; r = 0. 20, P =0. 04;r = 0. 37, P <0. 01, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis showed both right atrial pressure and NT-proBNP correlated independently with serum TBil(β= 0. 39, P < 0. 01 ;β = 0. 29,P = 0. 01, respectively). Conclusion For patients with heart failure, serum TBil correlated well with right atrial pressure, PCWP and NT-proBNP; it is a reliable indicator for exact clinical evaluation of heart failure.

Objective To study the distance and pattern of the movement of the maxillary teeth after 6 months driftodontics for dental crowding.Methods 20 dental crowding children,according to the treatment plan,who were required to removal four first premolars,were involved in this study (8 males,12 females,aged 11-14 years old).All of the children did not wear appliance in six months after teeth extraction.X-ray image data before and six months after teeth extraction were collected.The width of extraction space,the anterior irregular index and inclination of the axis of each tooth were recorded before and six months after tooth extraction.The data were analyzed by t-test and Pearson relative analysis.Results The study model showed that bilateral maxillary space of extraction pre-and pro-driftodontics decreased (5.79 ± 4.9) mm (P ＜ 0.01) ; anterior crowding decreased (5.79± 4.12) mm,irregular index was significantly reduced (P＜0.01).Cephalometric film measurement showed that canine crown moved distally (4.87±3.54) mm after the drift (P＜0.01).Canine tooth axis changed from mesial to upright.The crown of maxillary first molar moved mesially (1.18± 0.52) mm (P ＜ 0.01).There were no significant changes in apical position.Conclusions After 6 months of the physiological drift,upright moving of canine relieves anterior teeth crowding.The molar anchorage is saved.

Objective To evaluate the radical effect and prognosis of laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer in China.Methods Articles of non.randomized comparative studies(NRCs)of laparoscopic resection and open Burgery for colorectal cancer which were published before October 2007 were retrieved,and correlated indexeswere extraeted for meta.analysis.Results The mean quality score of the 14 articles selected was 18.92±1.27.The basic characteristics of patients in laparoscopic resection group were similar to those in open surgery group.Compared with open surgery group,the incised length of the intestine in the laparoscopic resection group was shorter by 0.66 cm.and the distance between distal margin of resection and tumor was farther by 0.26 cm.The 2-year survival rate of patients in laparoscopic group Was 1.67 times higher than that of open surgery group.There was no significant difference upon follow-up rate,tumor diameter,number of resected lymph nodes,local recurrence rate and distal metastasis rate between the 2 groups.Conclusions The results of meta-analysis show that laparoscopic resection has the sanle radical effect as open surgery for colorectal cancer.but the 2-year survival rate of patients treated by laparoscopic resection is comparatively higher.

BACKGROUNDAppropriate planning and staffing for medical services at large-scale athletic events is essential to provide for a safe and successful competition. There are few well-documented accounts describing the demand for such services. The present study provided the data from the Beijing 2008 Olympics and Paralympics, with a view to provide the guidance for planning future events.

METHODSA total of 22 029 and 8046 patients, who received medical care from a physician at an Olympic or Paralympic medical station, were included. The patient proportion among different personnel, various disease proportions at different kinds of venues, and the disease spectrum at specified venues at the Olympics and Paralympics were analyzed.

RESULTSAt both games, the patient proportion varied by accreditation status. The staff accounted for the largest number of visits at the Olympics (44.83%) and Paralympics (36.95%), with respiratory diseases the most common. Various disease spectrums were discovered at the different kinds of venues. Surgical diseases were the most frequently listed reason for visits, both at competition and non-competition venues, especially during the Paralympics. The sport-related injuries accounted for a majority of the surgical cases during both games. At training venues, ear nose and throat diseases accounted for the greatest number of visits during both games.

CONCLUSIONSDuring both games, people contracted different diseases at different venues. Adequate surgeons should be designated to offer assistance mostly in trauma situations. Appropriate numbers of physicians in respiratory diseases and otorhinolaryngology is of great importance.

Anniversaries and Special Events ; China ; Emergency Medical Services ; utilization ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; Public Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Sports

The chemical constituents of Taxus chinensis var. mairei cell cultures were investigated by chromatographic methods, including silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Thirteen compounds were isolated from the 80% ethanol extract of cultured cells and their structures were elucidated by spectral data and physicochemical properties, which were identified as 2α,4α,7β,9α,10β-pentaacetoxy-14β-hydroxytax-11-ene (1), 2α,4α,7β,9α,10β-pentaacetoxytax-11-ene (2), 1β-deoxybaccatin VI (3), 2α-acetoxytaxusin (4), taxuyunnanine C (5), yunnanxane (6), 2α,5α,10β-triacetoxy-14β-propionyloxy-4 (20), 11-taxadiene (7), 2α,5α,10β-triacetoxy-14β-isobutyryloxy-4 (20), 11-taxadiene (8), 2α,5α,10β-triacetoxy-14β-(2'-methyl)butyryloxy-4 (20), 11-taxadiene (9), 13-dehydroxylbaccatin III (10), 13-dehydroxy-10-deacetylbaccatin III (11), paclitaxel (12) and (13) β-sitosterol. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 2, 4, 10 and 11 are isolated from the cell culture of Taxus chinensis var. mairei for the first time.
Alkenes ; analysis ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Diterpenes ; analysis ; Molecular Structure ; Paclitaxel ; analysis ; Sitosterols ; analysis ; Taxoids ; analysis ; Taxus ; chemistry