Laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy ( LTRS ) was used to study the inhibitory effect of indol on staphyloxanthin biosynthesis in Staphylococcus aureus cells and the dynamic changes of this pigment content inside bacterial cells during batch cultivation. The Raman spectra of Staphylococcus aureus cells cultivated for different time and exposed to various doses of indol were acquired. The intensity of 1523 cm-1 band was used for the quantification of staphyloxanthin, in the meantime, the pigment was measured by UV spectrometry. The experimental result showed that an excellent linear relationship existed between the intensities of Raman peak at 1523 cm-1 of bacterial cells and the pigment contents estimated by UV spectrometry, with a correlation coefficient of 0 . 9772 . The spectral data at population level as well as single cell level revealed that indol could inhibit the production of pigment in dose-dependent manner, and the pigment content in bacterial cells incubated with indol decreased by 70%. Under the batch growth condition, the pigment amount in Staphylococcus aureus cells reached the maximum value during the middle exponential growth phase ( 12 h ) and the heterogeneity of pigment content in bacterial cells within certain populations at various time points was relatively small, with RSDs of 39. 2% to 61. 1%. This investigation indicates that LTRS can be served as a reliable method for the analysis of staphyloxanthin content at single cell level.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of fast track surgery (FTS) application in arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament.Methods A total of 80 cases of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) tear patients were randomized into two groups.While the experimental group (n =42) was treated with the conception of FTS, and the control group(n =38) was treated with the traditional methods.The postoperative pain, knee Lysholm score, quality of life score (SF-36), knee joint activity (EUROPEP), and postoperative infection were compared between the two groups.Result The VAS score of post-operation pain (VAS) 1 h(1.80±1.13) ,6 h(1.91±0.98), 12 h(1.73±0.95) ,24 h(1.68±0.65) ,48 h(1.69±0.90) ,the time stay in hospital (7 ± 1), total cast (205 600 ± 7 600) yuan, were significantly decreased compared to the traditional therapy group(VAS : (7.00± 1.56), (7.41±0.93), (6.82±1.12), (6.65±0.76), (6.34±0.88) ,P ＜0.05 or P＜0.01;(12± 1) d, P =0.021;(28 600±5 400) yuan, P =0.042).Recovery time of ROM of experimental group was significant lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05).But the comparison of patients, satisfaction of post-operation in two groups was inverse(P=0.007).The Lycholm scores of post-operation of FTS group were remarkably higher than the control group and the scores of prior treatment(85.1 ± 14.2) vs (73.6 ±12.3);P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The new methods of FTS can apparently accelerates recovery after ACL reconstruction,reduces complications, shorten time stay in hospital, cut down the total cost, and improve the experience and the satisfaction of patients.It was safety and feasible.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of levofloxacin tablets produced by 6 different factories.METHODS:To investigate the quality of 17 batches of levofloxacin tablets produced by 6 factories according to related standards and to evaluate the drug dissolubilities using paddle method.RESULTS:17 products from six factories were all proved qualified.Significant differences of dissolution parameters and treatment costs were found among the different products.CONCLUSION:There are difference in quality of levofloxacin tablets.The tablets produced by the factory holding the patent right are more expensive,however the qualiity is more stable.

Objective To explore the effects of inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) gene on the cytotoxic activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells against cholangiocarcinoma cells. Methods CIK-ICOS cells were obtained by stable transfecting ICOS genes into CIK cells through the adenovirus vector whereas untransfected and EGFP-transfected CIK cells were treated as controls. The proliferation and apoptosis of different CIK cells, as well as their cytotoxicity against cholangiocarcinoma cells in the three groups were detected. The expressions of IFN-T, IL-2 and TNF-α in the supernatant of different CIK cells were measured by ELISA. SCID mice with cholangiocarcinoma were randomly divided into CIK group, CIK-EGFP group, CIK-ICOS group and normal saline group. The cytotoxic activity of CIK-ICOS cells against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vivo was observed. Results CIK-ICOS cells displayed better proliferation than CIK cells and CIK-EGFP cells. At day 20 and 23 of culture, the apoptosis rate of CIK-ICOS cells was 0.69% and 0.89%, respectively, while that of the CIK cells was 2.90% and 4.92%. The cytotoxic effect of CIK-ICOS cells at different E: T ratio against cholangiocarcinoma cells was significantly stronger than that of CIK cells and CIK-EGFP cells (F=13.37, 6.46, 25.51, P<0.05). The concentration of IFN-γ in CIK-ICOS cultured supernatant was (49.50±4.73)μg/L, which was significantly higher than that in the cultured supernatant of CIK cells [(30.53±3.73)μg/L] and CIK-EGFP cells [(30.12±2.64)μg/L](F=38.89, P<0.05). The growth of cholangiocarcinoma was significantly slower in CIK-ICOS group than that in CIK group and CIK-EGFP group, whereas the necrosis area of tumor was larger and the CIK cells in CIK-ICOS group was more than those in the other two groups. Conclusions CIK cells had the function of killing cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. After ICOS genes were transfected into CIK cells, the survival time of CIK cells in vitro was prolonged and the proliferation of CIK cells was enhanced, as well as the secretion of IFN-γ was increased so that the cytotoxicity of CIK cells against cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo was enhanced.

Objective To discuss the relationship between prognosis and different surgical procedures for gallbladder cancer in different stages. Methods The clinical data of 107 patients with gallbladder cancer from January 2001 to May 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical procedure was chosen according to different stages. Results Eighty-one of the 107 patients (75.6%) were followed up with the median time of 5 years. Of the 10 patients with stage Ⅰ gallbladder cancer who had underwent simple cholecystectomy, 9 survived. Of the 8 patients with stage Ⅱ gallbladder cancer, 3 received palliative cholecystectomy and the median survival time was 12 months, which was significantly shorter than 24 months of the remaining 5 patients who received radical operation (X2= 5.698, P <0.05). Of the 42 patients with stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer, 18 received radical operation, and the median survival time was 24 months, which was not significantly different from 18 months of the 5 patients who received extended radical operation (X2=0.238, P>0.05). The remaining 19 patients received palliative operation, and the median survival time was 6 months, which was significantly shorter than those of patients received radical operation or extended radical operation (X2=5.772, 6.318, P <0.05). There were 47 patients with stage Ⅳ gallbladder cancer. Seventeen patients received extended radical operation and 30 received palliative operation, and no significant difference upon the median survival time was observed among different surgical procedures (X2=0.001,0.694, P>0.05). The complication recurrence after the extended radical operation was significantly higher than palliative operation (X2=6.039, P<0.05). Conclusions For patients with stage Ⅰ gallbladder cancer, simple cholecystectomy is preferred. Radical operation is good for patients with stage Ⅱ gallbladder cancer. The choose of radical operation or extended radical operation for patients with stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer should be based on the condition of invasion. Palliative operation could be used to patients with stage Ⅳ gallbladder cancer.

From an ethanol extract of Euphorbia micractina roots, seven steroids fifteen aromatic derivatives were isolated by a combination of various chromatographic techniques, including column chromatography over macroporous resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis as stigamast-5-ene-3beta, 7alpha-diol(1), stigamast-5-ene-3beta,7beta-diol(2), stigmast-5-en-3beta-ol-7-one(3), stigmast-4-en-6beta-ol-3-one(4), stigmast-1, 4-dien-3-one(5), stigmast-3,6-dione(6), beta-sitosterol(7), scopoletin(8), aesculetin(9), 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxycoumarin(10), quercetin(11), 3,3', 4'-tri-O-methylellagic acid(12), p-hydroxyphenylethyl anisate(13), m-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol(14), (E)-cinnamic acid(15), (E)-ferulic acid(16), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(17), vanillic acid(18), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(19), ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (20), ethyl gallate(21), and methyl gallate(22). These compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Steroids ; chemistry

Objective To observe ultramicro pathologic change of rabbit brain central damaged tissue and peripheral tissue after LOT, to evaluate the changed structure of blood brain barrier (BBB) of peripheral tissue in acute stage. Method Seventy Newzealand rabbits were randomly screened from Zhejiang University Animal Experiment Center. By stereotaxic technique, semiconductor surgica laser fibers were inserted into right frontal lobes and heat treated to randomly build LITT Group A (2 W, 600 s, n = 20) and LITT Group B (15 W, 100 s, n = 20) brain damaged models successfully. Other 15 nomal rabbits were randomly distributed as mannitol perfusion group and fake operation group. The ultramicro structures in central thermodamaged tissue were observed with transmission electro microscope after LITT 3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h. In peripheral tissue, ultramicro morphologic changes of brain vessels and BBB were evaluated. S100B protein in serum and BBB indexe were measured at different stages post LITT. Experimental data were treated as one-factor analysis of variance and q test. Results The brain damage center connected the tip of laser fiber and turn into thermodamage tissue. The main structure changes were cytoclasis, damnification of cell membrum, swelling of cell organelle such as mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulurn,disappearance of mitochondrion and sparseness of cytoplasm in local tissure. Heat energy conducted to damage peripheral tissue, some cells occured apoptosis in different stage. In acute stage after LITT, contracted capillary vessel, oncreted red cell, swell endothelium cell, broken base membrum, wide around clearance and destroyed aperture structure were identified. The levels of serum S100B and BBB indexe dramatically rised. The opening time of BBB in peripheral tissue was longer than mannital perfusion group. However at 24 h post LITT, they began to recover in Group A. The difference of serum S100B and BBB indexe between Group A and Group B has statistical significance ( P =0.0087). Conclusions With semiconductor laser heat treatment and stereotaxic techniqe, definite cells cytoclasis, cell membrance structures and chondriosome damage could be performed obviously in rabbit brain thermotherapy point. Apoptosis could be found in peripheral tissue, BBB could be opened in an acute stage. The opening time course of BBB was shortened in those LITT cases with small power. It shew us a new method to perform a safe and exact damage zone of brain for functional neurosurgery.

Objective To investigate the value of functional MRI in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of breast diseases.Methods Sixty-five patients with 68 lesions were enrolled in this study. Conventional T_1 WI and T_2 WI scan,dynamic contrast enhanced MRI,diffusion weighted imaging and ~1H single voxel MR spectroscopy were performed consequently.All lesions were verified by pathology,including 4 cases of breast adenosis,22 fibroadenomas,2 chronic inflammations,3 cysts,33 infitrating ductal carcinomas,1 intraductal carcinoma and 3 cystosarcoma phyllodes tumors.Morphological features,maximum enhancement ratio,time-intensity curve,apparent diffusion coefficient and Choline peak were analyzed. Results The detection rates of T_1 WI and T_2 WI were 14.7%(n=10)and 51.5%(n=35).The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of dynamic contrast.enhanced MRI for the malignant tumor were 94.6%, 71.4% and 76.5% respectively.Retrospective study showed that diffusion weighted imaging,with the b value from 800 s/mm~2 to 1000 s/mm~2,could be used to differentiate various types of breast lesions.~1H signal voxel spectroscopy had a sensitivity of 51.4%,specificity of 82.6%,and accuracy of 67.6% for the malignent.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy could reach 97.3%,90.0% and 92.6% respectively by combining conventional scan,dynamic contrast enhanced MRI and MR spectroscopy.Conclusion Functional MRI,with high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy,can be used widely in the diagnosis of malignant breast lesions.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Ulinastatin (UTI) and 1, 6 fructose diphosphate (FDP) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to discuss the protective mechanisms of UT1 and FDP on cerebral ischemia-repeffusion injury. Method Rabbit ischemia-repeffusion injury models were prepared by"four arteries occlusion". All rabbits were divided into four groups (n=6): control group, UTI (10 U/kg) group, FDP (200 mg/kg) group, UTI+ FDP group. Salt water, UTI, FDP and UTI + FDP were respectively used immediately after ischemia-reperfusion. Plasmic MDA and GSH-Px were measured at 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours and 6 hours after reperfusion. Results The concentrations of plasmic MDA in every group were significantly improved compared with those in control group (P0.05 ), but significant difference could be found after 3 hours (P

Purpurin is a common component ofRubia cordifolia L. The study on its molecular target was useful for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and action mechanism ofR. cordifolia. HT-29 cells were used in the cell culture. The highly expressed G Protein-coupled Receptor-35 (GPR35) agonist was used as target. The label-free optical biosensor cellular assay was used to investigate the agonist activity ofpurpurin at an endogenous receptor. The results showed thatpurpurin can cause DMR response in HT-29 cells. And the DMR response curve type was consistent with zaprinast. Its EC50 was 6.142± 0.189μmol·L-1. In addition,purpurinhad desensitization effect on GPR35 agonist zaprinast in HT-29 cells. GPR35 agonist ML145 blocked the DMR ofpurpurin. It was concluded thatpurpurinwas the GPR35 agonist.