Objective:By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time,to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa.Methods:A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time,i.e.Chen (7:00-9:00),Wu (11:00-13:00) and Xu (19:00-21:00).The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions (different periods of time,different genders,different acupoints and different states of the acupoints) based on Fei Teng Ba Fa.Results:Finally,thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included.The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa:latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time (P＜0.05);the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females (P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides (P＞0.05);in the female group,there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points (P＜0.05).The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state:in the period of Wu (11:00-13:00),the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points (P＜0.05);for men,their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points (P＜0.05);despite the gender,the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points (P＜0.05);in the female group,the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa,the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time,gender,acupoint location and opening/closing state,which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions.

Objective To study on the effects of Huaweishu granule on cisplatin-induced Beagle dog vomiting models and its mechanism.Methods Cisplatin-induced Beagle dog vomiting models were adopted as research object.The changes of vomiting frequency,latency,serum motilin content in the medulla oblongata and ileum,5-HT and substance P content of these models after using Hua weishu Granule were observed.Results ① Latent period of vomiting of the model group was (60.8±37.1)min; while this period was (137.3± 53.4)min,(122.8 ± 50.7) min,(l16.8±44.6)min,in the Huawei-shu low,medium and high dose group respectively,all showing a statistic difference than the model group (P＜0.05).②Frequency of vomiting in the model group was (270.3±51.8),while this frequence was (111.5±45.0) and (149.5±26.8) in Huawei-shu low and medium dose group respectively; ③ serum motilin in the model group was (0.354±0.098)ng/ml,while serum motilin in Huawei-shu low,medium and high dose group was (0.230±0.074) ng/ml,(0.235± 0.071) ng/ml,and (0.245± 0.062)ng/ml respectively,all lower than the model group (P＜ 0.05).④ Medulla oblongata 5-HT in the model group was (2.028 ±0.198)ng/ml,while medulla oblongata 5-HT in Huawei-shu low,medium and high dose group was (1.620±0.329)ng/ml,(1.194±0.386)ng/ml,and (1.269 ± 0.251) ng/ml respectively,all were lower than the model group (P＜0.05); ileum 5-HT in the model group was (1.634± 0.221)ng/ml,while ileum 5-HT in Huawei-shu low,medium and high dose group was (1.108±0.291)ng/ml,(1.194±0.386)ng/ml,and (1.269 ± 0.251) ng/ml respectively,all were lower than the model group(P＜0.05) ;⑤ ileal substance P content of the model group was (0.356±0.063)ng/ml,while ildeal P content in Huawei-shu low dose group was (0.274±0.064)ng/ml,lower than the model group than(P＜0.05).The medullary substance P content was (0.432±0.021)ng/ml in the model group,while medullary P content in Huawei-shu low,medium and high dose group was (0.370±0.040) ng/ml,(0.385±0.029) ng/ml,and (0.386± 0.041)ng/ml respectively,all were lower than the model group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Huawei-shu granule can prevent cisplatin-induced Beagle vomiting.

ObjectiveTo explore the curative effect in the patients with internal endometriosis by interventional therapy.MethodsUsing Seldinger technique,34 cases with internal endometriosis wereperformed bilateral uterine artery embolization.Observed postoperative menstrual quantity,dysmenrrhea degree,anemia and the change of the volume of uterine lesions.ResultsAll the patients were followed up for 1-3 years,menstrual quantity average decreasd of 59.1％P ＜ 0.05 ),the symptoms of dysmenorrhea was significantly eased in 28 cases (82.4％,28/34).All the patients of anemia haemoglobin were back to normal,volume of uterus average reduced 43.8％P ＜ 0.05 ),lesion was obviously smaller or disappear.Ultrasonography showed myometrium and blood flow signal of lesion was was obviously reduced.Conclusion Internalendometriosis by interventional therapy can get good results,symptoms improve significantly.

OBJECTIVETo research the efficacy and feasibility for unstable fracture of thoracolumbar with AF spine internal fixation device.

METHODSThirty-two patients with unstable fractures of T11-L3 were treated with AF spine internal fixation device and autograft between vertebral lamina vertebral body transverse process from January 2002 to June 2006. There were 21 female and 11 male, aging from 58 to 72 years with a mean of 62 years. All these patients were examined with x-ray and CT preoperative and postoperative respectively. They were followed-up thirteen months averagely, observing the stability of spinal column, bone grafting fusion, the height of vertebra and recovery of anterior bone fragment herniation.

RESULTSAll these AF spine internal fixation devices treated for the unstable fractures of thoracolumbar had not removed because of internal fixation failure or pain. Fracture healing and grafting fusion appeared after operation three months averagely. X-rays revealed post-protrusion angle were recovered from 22 degrees to 8.5 degrees, the heights of anterior were recovered from 50% to 86%, the angle of posterior were recovered from 94% to 98%. The postoperative CT scan showed that six cases with herniation to canal gained a completely recoveries.

CONCLUSIONAF spine internal fixation device used in early stage for unstable fracture of thoracolumbar is a simple and effective method. It has advantages such as providing early substantial fixation, maintaining a well three column stability. Bone grafting is a key factor in this operative technique.

Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) captopril on Calpain-mediated cardiomyocytes apoptosis and cardiac function in diabetic rats.

METHODSThirty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10), normal control group (NC group), diabetes mellitus group (DM group)and captopril treated group (Cap group). Streptozocin (STZ) were used to make the model of diabetes mellitus, captopril was administrated by gavage at the dose of 50 mg/kg every day, while in NC group and DM group the same volume of normal saline was administrated. Twelve weeks later, left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVDEP), maximal rise rate of left ventricular pressure (+ dp/dtmax) and maximal fall rate of left ventricular pressure (- dp/dtmax) were detected; Western blot was used to detect the expression of Calpain-1 Calpain-2, Bcl-2, Bax and total Caspase3 protein; apoptosis index (AI) were assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTSCompared with NC group, LVDEP was significantly higher; LVSP, + dp/dtmax and - dp/dtmax were significantly decreased (P < 0.05); Bcl-2 protein expression was decreased; the expression of Calpain-1, Calpain-2, Bax and total Caspase3 protein were increased; the value of AI was significantly increased. Compared with DM group, LVDEP was significantly lower; LVSP, + dp/dtmax and - dp/dtmax were significantly increased (P < 0.05); Bcl-2 protein expression was increased, the expression of Calpain-1, Calpain-2, Bax and total Caspase3 protein were decreased; the value of AI was significantly decreased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCaptopril can protect diabetic myocardial structure through inhibiting activation of Calpain-1 and Calpain-2, up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2, down-regulating the expression of Bax to inhibit Caspase3 dependent apoptosis, thereby improving the ventricular function and myocardial structure.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Calpain ; metabolism ; Cardiomyopathies ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder that predominantly affects children. Previous studies have mostly involved children in Western developed countries. METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical profiles of ADEM in adult Chinese patients. RESULTS: ADEM occurred during summer and autumn in about two-thirds of the 42 included patients. Prior infection was found in five patients and no preimmunization was recorded. The most frequent clinical presentations were alterations in consciousness (79%) and behavior changes (69%), followed by motor deficits (64%) and fever (50%). About one-quarter (26%) of the patients showed positive results for oligoclonal bands, and about half of them exhibited increases in the IgG index and 24-hour IgG synthesis rate. Magnetic resonance imaging showed white- and gray-matter lesions in 83% and 23% of the patients, respectively. Steroids were the main treatment, and full recovery occurred in 62% of the patients, with residual focal neurological deficits recorded in a few patients. After a mean follow-up period of 3.4 years, two patients exhibited recurrence and one patient exhibited a multiphasic course. One patient was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). CONCLUSIONS: With the exception of the seasonal distribution pattern and prior vaccine rate, the clinical profiles of ADEM in adult Chinese patients are similar to those in pediatric populations. No specific markers are available for distinguishing ADEM from MS at the initial presentation. Careful clinical evaluations, cerebrospinal fluid measurements, and neuroradiological examinations with long-term follow-up will aid the correct diagnosis of ADEM.
Adult* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Consciousness ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Developed Countries ; Diagnosis ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated* ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Oligoclonal Bands ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons ; Steroids

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder that predominantly affects children. Previous studies have mostly involved children in Western developed countries. METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical profiles of ADEM in adult Chinese patients. RESULTS: ADEM occurred during summer and autumn in about two-thirds of the 42 included patients. Prior infection was found in five patients and no preimmunization was recorded. The most frequent clinical presentations were alterations in consciousness (79%) and behavior changes (69%), followed by motor deficits (64%) and fever (50%). About one-quarter (26%) of the patients showed positive results for oligoclonal bands, and about half of them exhibited increases in the IgG index and 24-hour IgG synthesis rate. Magnetic resonance imaging showed white- and gray-matter lesions in 83% and 23% of the patients, respectively. Steroids were the main treatment, and full recovery occurred in 62% of the patients, with residual focal neurological deficits recorded in a few patients. After a mean follow-up period of 3.4 years, two patients exhibited recurrence and one patient exhibited a multiphasic course. One patient was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). CONCLUSIONS: With the exception of the seasonal distribution pattern and prior vaccine rate, the clinical profiles of ADEM in adult Chinese patients are similar to those in pediatric populations. No specific markers are available for distinguishing ADEM from MS at the initial presentation. Careful clinical evaluations, cerebrospinal fluid measurements, and neuroradiological examinations with long-term follow-up will aid the correct diagnosis of ADEM.
Adult* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Consciousness ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Developed Countries ; Diagnosis ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated* ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Oligoclonal Bands ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons ; Steroids

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of the red alga Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harv.

METHODCompounds were isolated by normal phase silica gel and Sephadex LH - 20 gel column chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR. Cytotoxicity of the compounds was screened by using standard MIT method.

RESULTFive compounds were isolated from G. flabelliforrmis, their structures were identified as(3S, 6R, 7E)-( + )-3-hydroxyl-4, 7-mega-stigmadien-9-one (1), (3S, 5R, 6S, 7E)-(-)-3-hydroxy-5, 6-epoxy-7-megastigmene-9-one (2), (3S, 5S, 6R, 7E)-(+)3-hydroxy-5, 6-epoxy-7-megastigmene-9-one (3), dehydrovomifoliol (4), (3R)-(-)4-[(2R, 4S)-4-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-2, 6, 6-trimethylcyclohexylidene] -3-buten-2-one (5).

CONCLUSIONAll of the compounds were obtained from this species for the first time and compound 1 was a new natural product. These compounds were inactive (IC50 > 10 microg x mL(-1)) in the MTT assay against several human cancer cell lines.

Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Butanols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cyclohexanones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Norisoprenoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Rhodophyta ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the reasons of unacceptable results and corrective measures adopted in external quality assessment (EQA)for blood gas and acid-base analysis.Methods The reasons of unacceptable results and corrective measures for three EQA testing events of blood gas and acid-base analysis in 2016 were reported through EQA system based on web which was developed by National Central for Clinical Laboratories.The responses were divided into seven major groups,including EQA samples,errors in reporting results,methodology,equipments,techniques,EQA evaluations and unexplainable results after survey.Results The disqualified rates of EQA survey on blood gas and acid-base analysis were ranged from 0.5％ to 13.1％ and reporting rates of disqualification causes were ranged from 45.8％ to 69.0％ (except for the groups less than 20 laboratories).In the reasons for unacceptable results technological defects (35.9％ to 37.0％)were mainly associated with inappropriate specimen handling and/or storing,reagents and calibration problems.The defects of equipments (24.4％ to 27.9％) included mainly the malfunction and failure to adhere to scheduled instrument maintenance procedures.The errors in reporting results (12.2％ to 19.7％) were mostly transcription errors and reporting wrong codes.The unexplainable results after survey account for 8.7％ to 9.6％.The methodological defects (8.1％ to 11.8％) were largely attributed to inadequate training and quality control method.The defects of EQA evaluations (0.8％ to 3.3％)were all due to inappropriate grouping.The categorizations of the problems in the three EQA testing events were similar.The most corrective measures were appropriate,in which re-education and training for staff and improvement in instruments,reagents,internal quality control,calibration and process of reporting results were included.Conclusion The analysis and classification for reasons of unacceptable EQA results should be helpful for laboratories in identifying opportunities for improvement and adopting corrective measures in time.