Objective To optimize the preparation of high-efficiency galactocylated poly-L-lysine (Gal-PLL) ligand of the asialoglycoprotein receptor in liver, providing premise and foundation for upper preparation of ultrasound contrast agent of liver targeted nanoscale perfluorocarbon microballoon and the liver targeted molecular imaging. Methods Chemical reactions of reductive amination were carried out on group A and group B according to different proportions of reaction component. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups. In group A, three different molar ratios of D-galactose and poly-L-lysine (PLL) were compounded respectively with equivalent and sufficient reductant borohydride. In group B, identical molar ratios of D-galactose and PLL were compounded respectively with three unequal reductants borohydride. Products of each group were separated and purified by sephadex column to acquire different molecular weight distributions and the results were analyzed. Results In the condition of identical reductant, the peak curve of compound's molecular weight appeared earlier when D-galactose decreased properly. In the condition of identical molar ratio of D-galactose and PLL,the peak curve of compound's molecular weight appeared also earlier when reductant decreased properly. When the molar ratio of D-galactose and reductant was 1∶1, the peak curve of compound Gal-PLL and free components was more obvious, and the quantity of compound Gal-PLL increased to maximum. Conclusions In the condition of identical reductant, coupling effect of D-galactose and PLL increased when D-galactose decreased properly. In the condition of identical molar ratio of D-galactose and PLL, coupling effect was better when reductant decreased properly. When the molar ratio of D-galactose and reductant was 1∶1, coupling effect of them was the best. The coupling of D-galactose and PLL was related to not only the proportion of D-galactose and PLL, but also the proportion of D-galactose and reductant.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns, Chemical ; therapy ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Humans ; Hydrofluoric Acid ; adverse effects ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of mid-dosage (13～15 mg?kg-1?g-1) ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Methods A systematic review of all randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing UDCA with placebo was performed. Results Seven trials including 1038 patients were assessed. UDCA could significantly improve liver biochemistry, but had no effect on pruritus and fatigue. In the patients with initial stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, there was a significant decrease in the histologic progression after treatment with UDCA for 2 years compared with the placcebo group(P=0.03), but there was no significant difference between the two groups when considering overall patients with initial stage Ⅰ-Ⅳ (P=0.08). Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in the incidence of death (odds ratio 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.62-1.58), liver related death (1.05, 0.53-2.05), liver trans-plantation (0.87, 0.53-1.41), death and/or liver transplantation (0.92, 0.64-1.31) and liver decompensation (0.94, 0.60-1.49) between the UDCA and placebo groups. Conclusions The analysis of RCTs of UDCA versus placebo shows improvement of liver biochemistry, but not improvement of clinical symptoms and survival. UDCA may slow down liver histologic progression in the early-stage patients with PBC.

The paper introduced the attempts made by the hospital in the ongoing health reform.The hospital encouraged incentives of the medical workers to take part in the reform,as they upgrade their work in high quality nursing care,outpatient appointment registration,better specialist outpatient clinic service,and tiered medical services.These efforts help innovate medical services for fulfillment of goals of the health reform.

Dentin blocks were prepared from 36 freshly extracted teeth and randomly divided into 3 groups(n=1 2).The block surfaces were cleaned and then treated with 3 MP90 bonding system,Gluma desensitizer and distilled water respectively.Scanning electron microsco-py observation showed that the dentin tubule sealing rate of 3 MP90 bonding system,Gluma desensitizer and distilled water was 1 00%, 76.48% and 0(P<0.05)respectively.

China ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data

China ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health ; Rural Population ; Sampling Studies ; Transients and Migrants

Objective To explore the clinical value and the difference of bone mineral density(BMD) in every vertebra of lumbar spine in middle old-aged Chinese female with quantitative computed tomography (QCT).Methods The BMD in every vertebra of lumbar spine was investigated by QCT in 725 healthy females aged from 35 to 98 years. They were divided into groups every five years.The BMD in vertebra of lumbar spine (L 1～L 4) were measured by QCT and the groups tested for significant differences,using SPSS10.0 software for the analysis.Results Lumbar spine (L 1～L 4) BMD declined with aging. The bone quantity was predominantly declined in group of 50 to 54 years (?

Objective To evaluate the radiation dose and image quality of MinDose techniques in dual-source CT coronary artery angiography.Methods 120 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac CT scans were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Group A1 with the tube current reduced to 20% of the normal tube current outside the pulsing window,and Group A2 with the tube current reduced to 4% of the normal tube current outside the pulsing window (MinDose).The image quality,noise,volume CT dose index (CTDIvol),and effective dose (E) of these two groups were evaluated.Results The mean score of imaging quality of Group A1 was (4.3 ± 0.3 ),not significantly different from that of Group A2 [(4.5 ±0.4),t=0.16,P＞0.05].The value of CTDIvol of Group A1 was (40.2 ±9.6) mGy,significantly higher than that of Group A2 [( 36.4 ± 9.1 ) mGy,t = 3.2,P ＜ 0.05].The E value of Group A1 was (9.1± 2.2) mSv ,significantly higher than that of A2 [( 8.1 ± 1.9) mSv,t = 2.7,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Application of the MinDose technique not only reduces the radiation dose to the patient,but also meets the requirement of diagnosis.

Aim To study the inhibitory effects of gambogenic acid in combination with miR-218 on cervical cancer HeLa cells and its mechanisms.Methods Eukaryotic expression vector of miR-218(pmi8-218) was transfected into HeLa cells.Transcript levels of miR-218 were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR.HeLa cells were incubated with different concentrations of gambogenic acid alone or in combination with pmiR-218.The cell growth inhibiting ratio of HeLa cells was assessed by MTT assay.Cell apoptosis was measured by fluorescence activated cell sorting.The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and E-cadherin were measured by Western blot and qRT-PCR.Results Levels of miR-218 transcript significantly increased in pmiR-218 transfected HeLa cells.Overexpression of miR-218 may enhance the sensitivity of HeLa cells to gambogenic acid.Over expression of miR-218 could enhance the effect of gambogenic acid on inhibition cell proliferation, promoting apoptosis of HeLa cells.pmiR-218 could enhance the regulation of Bax expression and decrease the expression of Bcl-2 in HeLa cells.Conclusions Over expression of miR-218 may enhance the sensitivity of HeLa cells to gambogenic acid;miR-218 can enhance the effect of gambogenic acid on inhibition cell proliferation and promote the apoptosis of HeLa cells, and the mechanism may be related to down-regulation of Bcl-2/Bax expression.