Objective To investigate the relationship between neck circumference and metabolic syndrome(MS) and its components in type 2 diabetes Methods A total of 272 subjects with type 2 diabetes were recruited.According to the diagnostic criteria of MS,all subjects were divided into MS group and non-MS group.According to neck circumference tertile,all subjects were respectively divided into male and female of three groups to analyze the relationship between neck circumference and MS and its components.Male:Q1＜38.8 cm,Q2=(38.8-41.3) cm,Q3≥41.4 cm;female:Q1＜34.0 cm,Q2=34.0-36.3 cm,Q3≥36.4 cm.The optimal cut-off points of neck circumference were used to determine the MS by ROC curve.Results (1) Compared with non-MS group,subjects in MS group had significantly higher neck circumference((38.3±3.2)cm vs.(36.1±3.7) cm),waist circumference((94.1±8.4) cm vs.(82.7±10.8) cm),waist-hip ratio(0.93±0.06 vs.0.88± 0.08),body mass index ((26.2 ± 2.9) kg/m2 vs.(23.9 ± 3.5) kg/m2),fasting plasma glucose(9.0(6.7-11.5) mmol/L vs.7.7(5.9-10.2) mmol/L),systolic pressure(140(130-150) mmHg vs.130 (120-130) mmHg),diastolic pressure (80 (80-90) mmHg vs.80 (75-85) mmHg),triglycerides (1.9(1.4-2.8) mmol/L vs.1.2 (0.9-1.5) mmol/L),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ((3.3 ± 1.0)mmol/L vs.(3.0±0.9) mmol/L) and blood uric acid((322.7±90.1) mmol/L vs.(270.3±82.3) mmol/L),and the differences were significant(t or Z=-4.843,-8.622,-5.157,-5.592,-2.729,-5.723,-3.847,-6.856,-2.123,-4.545;P＜0.05).While the level of total cholesterol((2.7±2.8) mmol/L vs.(4.9±1.3)mmol/L) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.0 (0.8-1.2) mmol/L vs.1.2 (1.1-1.5)mmol/L) were decreased,and the differences were significant (t or Z =-2.269,-7.068;P ＜ 0.05).(2)Compared with those with lowest tertiles(Q1 ＜38.8 cm) of neck circumference,male subjects with highest tertile (Q3≥41.4 cm) had higher level of waist circumference((97.8±8.6) cm vs.(89.9±8.5) cm),waist-hip rati (0.96±0.07 vs.0.93±0.06),body mass index((27.4±2.1) kg/m2 vs.(23.8±2.3) kg/m2),blood uric acid ((374.0±85.6) mmol/L vs.(305.8±73.6) mmol/L),and the differences were significant(P＜0.05).While age((52.1±10.7) years vs.(60.4±11.8) years) andHDL-C((1.0±0.3) mmol/Lvs.(1.2±0.5) mmol/L) were decreased,and the differences were significant (P＜0.05).Female subjects with higher tertile (Q3 ≥ 36.4 cm) had significantly higher level of waist circumference ((96.8 ± 10.1) cm vs.(79.5 ± 8.5) cm),waist-hip ratio(0.94±0.07 vs.0.86±0.06),body mass index((28.5±3.1) kg/m2 vs.(21.9±2.2) kg/m2),blood uric acid((295.2±94.3) mmol/L vs.(244.6±62.3) mmol/L),the frequency of MS(83.3％(40/48)vs.21.7％(10/46)) than with lower tertile(Q1＜34.0 cm).(3) Logistic regression analysis showed that neck circumference (β =0.187,P ＜ 0.001) was an independent risk factor of MS (y =0.187x-6.613).(4) The optimal cut-off points of neck circumference to MS were 40.1 cm (AUC =0.682,P=＞0.008) in male,and 35.3cm (AUC =0.766,P＜ 0.001) in female.Conclusion Neck circumference increases when type 2 diabetes patients with MS.Neck circumference is an independent risk factor for MS,which can be used as an indicator to evaluate MS.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, location, treatment and prognosis of periosteal osteosarcoma. Methods The data of 1 patient with periosteal osteosarcoma was retrospectively analyzed, and the 35 cases reported in CNKI database in recent years were analyzed. Results The patient of periosteal osteosarcoma was female and 16 years old. Periosteal osteosarcoma occurred in the tibia. The patient was treated with extensional resection, and had no recurrence and metastasis 3 months after operation. Among the 35 patients reported in the literature, the age of onset ranged from 14 to 35, the female was slightly more than the male (19 cases vs. 16 cases), and the lesion site was mainly in the tibia and femur. The 35 patients underwent surgical treatment, and 4 cases had metastasis;6 cases were treated by surgery combined with chemotherapy. Conclusions Female patients with periosteal osteosarcoma were slightly more than male, and the lesion site is mainly in the tibia and femur. The chemotherapy effect is not exact, and extensional resection is the most effective treatment method. The transfer site and the characteristics are not exact.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Qingkailing injection for cerebrovascular diseases by systematic review of clinical trials. Methods Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of Qingkailing injection on cerebrovascular diseases from 38 articles on clinical trials published from 1994 to 2008 in Chinese journals with the software RevMan5.0. Sensitivity analysis was taken to analyze the results of trails with different inclusion criteria. Results 38 clinical control trails were included for efficacy analysis, a fixed effects model was chosen and the value of odds ratio (OR) was 3.26 with the 95% confidence interval from 2.71 to 3.92. Conclusions Qingkailing injection may have positive effect on cerebrovascular diseases, its efficacy need to be confirmed with high-quality randomized controlled trials.

Animals ; Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; HIV ; drug effects ; genetics ; physiology ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; immunology ; virology ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; immunology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Viruses ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To investigate the fluctuation of the iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) through continuous monitoring on it. Methods During 2005-2008, 10 monitoring countis (city,district) of IDD were selected in Jiangxi Province. Five townships were selected in each monitoring county, one school was selected in each townships, and 40 students in 8-10 years old from each school were selected to inspect their thyroid glands and determined the idodine content of salts from their home. Among the 40 students, 20 of which were selected to determine the intelligence quotient(IQ) and 6 of which were selected to determine urine iodine. Thirty pregnant women were also selected to determine the urine iodine in each monitoring county. Twenty students of 5th grade in each school and 5 housewives living nearby the school were selected to carry out the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD. Results Monitoring results showed the average goiter rote of 8-10 years old students was between 2.00% and 4.60% during 2005-2008. The rate of IQ of the students higher than 90 was all above 76% each year. The median of urine iodine of students and pregnant women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the proportion of people whose urine iodine content was lower than 50 μg/L was below 4% each year. The rate of inhabitant taking qualified idodine salt wasn't lower than 95%. The pass rate of the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD was between 11.67% and 43.50% in students and 92.50%-99.60% in housewives. Conclusions The situation of iodine deficiency in Jiangxi Province has been greatly improved, reaching the standard of eliminating IDD.

Objective:To develop evaluation index system of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Model of esophageal speech training for Otolaryngology nurse, which can provide an initial tool to evaluate the effect of esophageal speech training for Otolaryngology nurse.Methods:Based on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Model and literature research, the initial dimensions and items were developed. The evaluation index system was completed by Delphi technique that 23 experts were invited to evaluate the importance of the dimensions and items in the consulting round. Then the weight value of the index system was computed through analytic hierarchy.Results:For the first and second rounds of the study, respectively, the recovery rates were 78.26% and 100.00%, the expert authority were 0.85 and 0.86, and the Kendall′s W were 0.16 and 0.19 ( P<0.05). Finally, the index system contained 3 dimensions and 30 items. Conclusions:The evaluation index system has the possible scientificity and reliability, and has the feasible thoery and content. In the future, the evaluation index system can be used to evaluate the effect of esophageal speech training for Otolaryngology nurse through the clinical practice improvement.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of gefitinib retreatment beyond progression(GRBP)in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with rare EGFR mutations.Methods We retrospectively analyzed six rare-EGFR-mutation NSCLC patients from Jan 2011 to Dec 2015.Those patients had previous disease control and then disease progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1(RECIST v1.1)after taking oral gefitinib 250 mg once a day.After that,continuing gefitinib was decided by clinicians′ experience at the same treatment option.The primary endpoints were response rate(RR),overall survival(OS),the first and second progression-free survival(PFS-1 and PFS-2).Safety was assessed according to the NCI-CTCAE version 4.0.Results After initial treatment of gefitinib,4 patients achieved partial response(PR)and 2 patients showed stable disease(SD),with RR being 66.7％.The median PFS-1 and PFS-2 were 10 months(95％CI 6.6-13.4)and 9 months(95％CI 6.9-11.1),respectively.The median OS time was 28 months(95％CI 10.4-45.6).The most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue,diarrhea,rash,itching and elevated transaminases.Conclusion In our study,gefitinib retreatment beyond disease progression is effective with a manageable tolerability profile.

SUMMARY Anaphylaxis is an acute and fatal systemic allergic reaction to an allergen , and it could be an unpre-dictable and life-threatening cause during anesthesia .The main purpose of this paper is to report a case of anaphy-lactic shock during the anesthesia induction and to review the prophylaxis and treatment of anaphylactic reactions and anaphylactoid reactions during the anesthesia period .A 63-year-old man, with a mass on his adrenal , was scheduled to a laparoscopic adrenal tumor excision .During the anesthesia induction period , after administrated sul-fentanil, propofol and rocuronium , the blood pressure was decreased and the heart rate was increased .Then, the patient had rash on his whole body and developed an anaphylactic shock .After being treated with the anti-allergic agents and norepinephrine , the rash disappeared and the vital sign become stable .The patient felt nothing uncom-fortable during the two weeks ’ follow-up.Anaphylactic reactions and anaphylactoid reactions are not rare during the anesthesia period .The most common inducements are muscle relaxant , latex and antibiotics .Anaphylactic reac-tions in the perioperative period are often serious and potentially life-threatening conditions , involving multiple or-gan systems in which the clinical manifestations are the consequence of the release of preformed mediators from mast cells and basophils .Before anesthesia , we should acquire the allergic history .During the anesthesia period , the vi-tal sign and the skin should be observed carefully .

AIDS Vaccines ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; trends ; HIV Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; HIV-1 ; immunology ; Humans