Objective To observe the effect of Bi-level positive airway pressure(BiPAP) noninvasive ventilation on acute left ventricular failure(LVF). Methods BiPAP group :32 patients with severe LVF from various causes were treated by BiPAP with traditional drugs. Control group:32 patients were treated with traditional drugs alone,and the results were compared with those of BiPAP group. Results Dyspnea was relieved in all patients in BiPAP group,both the respiratory rate and heart rate were slowed,the vital signs were stable,and PaO2 ,SaO2 went up. The total effective rate was 100%, which was only 68. 75% in control group. Conclusion The use of BiPAP noninvasive ventilation therapy is feasible and effective on LVF.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between the activity of daily living (ADL) and the physiopsychic variables of the patients at early recovery stage after first stroke. Methods ADL and the motion activities, the deficient degree of nerve function, the cognitive function and the depressive degree of the 48 patients at early recovery stage after first stroke were evaluated. ResultsThere are significant relationship between ADL at early recovery stag and the motion activities, the deficient degree of nerve function, the cognitive function of the patients at acute period(P<0.01). Meanwhile, there are also relationship between ADL and the number of the cerebral lesion, the hemiplegic degree and the education degree of the patients (P<0.05) at early recovery stage.Conclusions The motion activities, the deficient degree of nerve function and the cognitive function of the stroke patients at acute stage are the important predictive factors to ADL of the patients at early recovery stage, and the number of the cerebral lesion, the hemiplegic degree and the educational level of the patients maybe influence ADL of the patients at the early recovery stage.

OBJECTIVETo explore a way of determining the weights of variables in synthetic evaluation.

METHODSBased on the attribute synthetic evaluation system, similarity weight was used to cluster and rank the atmospheric quality on 11 large cities.

RESULTSRealized the classification and ranking for the atmospheric quality of the cities given, the results were almost comparable to that achieved by Topsis evaluation.

CONCLUSIONThe method of comprehensive assessment using similarity weight in the attribute synthetic evaluation system seemed to be objective and rational. Not only it embodied the weights of variables involved, but also exploiting the information presented by the sample.

Air Pollution ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Decision Making ; Environmental Monitoring ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical

OBJECTIVETo provide evidence for intervention measures on safe injection through a survey on the safety of injection in the health facilities in Wulong county, Chongqing city, China.

METHODSAn investigation on injection safety was conducted among health care providers with a uniform questionnaire.

RESULTSGlass syringes which were not appropriately sterilized was found in 52.2% (12/23) of the health facilities. Injection practices were not correct in 31.4% (11/35) of the health facilities. Used disposable syringes were discarded directly without any disposal in 63.6% (21/33) of the health facilities. At least one of the unsafe injection practices mentioned above existed in 77.1% (27/35) of the health facilities.

CONCLUSIONSThe main unsafe factors in the practice of injection are included: the practice to change needle but not syringe in penicillin allergic test and the injuries caused by used disposable syringes in medical staff. The important measures to improve injection safety were to train the medical staff on the knowledge about safe injection and the risks caused by unsafe injection, and to equip the health facilities with safe tools to destroy the used disposable syringes.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disinfection ; statistics & numerical data ; Disposable Equipment ; statistics & numerical data ; Equipment Reuse ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Injections ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Rural Health Services ; Safety ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Syringes

OBJECTIVEThe survival rate of cadaveric renal transplant in children has been improved following the development of transplantation technology and the application of immunosuppressive agents. In this study, the prognosis of renal transplantation, operative procedure and immunosuppressive agents administration in 21 children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were analyzed.

METHODSFrom January 1985 to December 2001, 21 patients (9 males and 12 females with a mean age of 14 +/- 2 yr, mean body weight of 33.4 kg and mean height of 136.5 cm) received renal transplantation because of ESRD were enrolled in the study. The patients with an average GFR of 8.28 ml/min were managed with dialysis for 13.4 months in average pro-transplantation. All cadaveric kidneys were from adults, which included 1 donor with one HLA mismatch, 3 with two mismatches, 5 with three mismatches and 4 with four mismatches. All transplantations were performed with anastomoses of the adults' renal artery and vein to the children's iliac externa artery and iliac externa vein. Biological inducement therapy was given in 4 cases. At the first 3 - 5 days post-transplantation, methylprednisolone was administered [7 mg/(kg.d)]. All patients received baseline diploid or triple immunosuppression therapy of cyclosporin A [6 - 8 mg/(kg.d)] or FK506 [0.18 - 0.25 mg/(kg.d)], mycophenolate mofetil [MMF 10 - 15 mg/(kg.d)] or azathioprine [1 - 3 mg/(kg.d)] and prednisone [0.4 - 0.6 mg/(kg.d)]. High-dose methylprednisolone [10 mg/(kg.d)] was administered to control the acute rejection.

RESULTSThe renal function of patients was restored 5.6 days in average after transplantations. The 1st, 3rd and 5th year survival rates of recipient/graft were 95.2%/95.2%, 86.7%/73.3% and 72.7%/63.6%, respectively. One case had super-acute renal rejection, 5 cases had acute rejection, 3 cases had delayed graft function and 3 patients died. The longest survival time was 12 years. The major complications included hypertension (47.6%), diabetes (19.4%), infection (19.4%) and drug-induced hepatic injury (14.2%). Catch-up growth was seen in most of the pediatric recipients.

CONCLUSIONRenal transplantation is the most ideal method to treat children with ESRD, and the growth of the pediatric patients will be improved after transplantation. Adult donor kidneys adapt to the school age patient. And the protocol of immunosuppressive therapy (prednisone plus MMF and FK506) should be applied.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; mortality ; therapy ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Postoperative Care ; Preoperative Care ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors

China ; epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Female ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Rabies ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; epidemiology ; mortality

To evaluate the use of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) for treatment of acute and chronic leukemia, from March 1997 to January 2003, 21 adult patients with malignant hematopoietic diseases underwent allo-PBSCT from HLA-identical siblings (19 patients) and haplo-identical mother (one) and one B point site mismatched sibling (one). All donors were mobilized with G-CSF for 4 days and peripheral blood stem cells were collected by CS-3000 separator. The conditioning regimen included the high dose combination chemotherapy and TBI. Cyclosporine-A (CsA) plus a short course of MTX was used for GVHD prophylaxis in all patients. The results showed that after trans plantation, median time for the recovery of granuocyte > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L and platelets > or = 20 x 10(9)/L were 12 (10 - 20) and 15 (11 - 35) days, respectively. Acute GVHD was observed in 8/17 patients (47%), of which one transplanted from HLA-haploidentical mother. Chronic GVHD occurred in 12/17 patients (70%). All of four female survivals did not show acute and chronic GVHD. Day 100 transplantation-related mortality was 14% (3/21). Relapse occurred in two patients (9.5%) who underwent allo-PBSCT in stage of non-remission at one and six months. After follow-up of 40 (15 - 70) months, 11 patients (52.4%) are still disease-free survival. These results suggested that peripheral blood stem cells produce a faster hematopoietic recovery and a lower relapse of leukemia. The rate of aGVHD is not increased when using the peripheral blood as source of stem cells; however, cGVHD continues to be a significant problem. Donors tolerated the procurement procedure without complications.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; etiology ; Humans ; Leukemia ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome

AIMTo investigate the influence of living high-training low for 4 weeks on serum CK, LDH and ALT of rowing athletes.

METHODS20 rowing athletes were divided into two groups: the one (ten subjects) spent 8-10 h per night in a tabernacle which was simulated altitude of 2 500 m in normobaric hypoxia (HiLo group), the another (ten subjects) slept at near sea level (control group). During the periods of test, all athletes were trained at the same relative or at the same intensity of work in normoxia state. The serum CK, LDH and ALT were measured at before, during 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 2 weeks after "living high and training low".

RESULTSBaseline serum values for CK, LDH and ALT were not different between two groups (P > 0.05). The levels of CK, LDH of HiLo group were significantly increased (P < 0.05) than those of control group at 3 rd week, however, it was contrary at 5th and 7th week. After exercise of 2 km and 5 km, the values of LDH and CK at a moment notice and 30min postexercise test in HiLo group were significant lower than those in control group.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that living high-training low may reduce the muscle damage associated with endurance exercise.

Adolescent ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Altitude ; Athletes ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Physical Education and Training ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of mutations and sequence variations in X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) gene among Chinese pediatric patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

METHODSSixty-five children who were diagnosed with HLH between January 2009 and December 2012 (case group), as well as 70 healthy children (control group), were enrolled in the study. The exons of XIAP gene (1-1, 1-2, 2-6) were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were analyzed.

RESULTSNone of the HLH patients showed mutations in these exons of XIAP gene. Only one nonsynonymous SNP, rs5956583 located in exon 5, was observed, but there were no significant differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of this SNP between the case and control groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHLH caused by XIAP mutations may be rare in children. SNP rs5956583 of XIAP gene may have little contribution to the development of childhood HLH.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between rs1799864 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) gene and susceptibility of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in children.

METHODSThe clinical and laboratory data of 86 children diagnosed with HLH between January 2007 and December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The CCR2 gene rs1799864 was genotyped by SNaPshot technique in 86 HLH children and 128 healthy controls. The genotypic and allelic frequencies in the two groups were comparatively analyzed.

RESULTSNo significant difference either in genotypic or allelic frequencies of rs1799864 polymorphism of the CCR2 gene was observed between HLH patients and controls (P>0.05), but there were significant differences in the age of onset and the periods of temperature and platelet returning to normal after treatment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere is no association between CCR2 gene rs1799864 polymorphism and the risk for HLH in children. However, the genotypic differences of this polymorphism might be associated with clinical characteristics and prognosis of HLH.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, CCR2 ; genetics