Objective To study the distribution of intestinal autofluorescent microorganisms in the rat intestine at different developmental stages. Methods The distribution of intestinal autofluorescent microorganisms in rat intestine at va-rious developmental stages was tested and evaluated using a small animals living imaging system. First, standard E. coli strain was tested by fluorescence detection in vitro. Then, the distribution of E. coli under the same test conditions was tested. The intestinal autofluorescent bacteria distribution was detected in the SD rats at 3 days,14 days and 60 days of age. After expanding the range of excitation wavelength fluorescence detection,removing the background of fluorescence feed and feces and other foreign autofluorescent substances. Results E. coli can be excited in the range of 485 -535 nm wave?length and to emit fluorescence. E. coli mainly existed in the stomach and only a few E. coli were found in the ileum of 3?days old SD rat. . In the 14?days old rats, E. coli mainly existed in the stomach and cecum, and only a few E. coli were found in the ileum. In the 60-days old SD rats, E. coli mainly existed in the ileum, and only a few E. coli were found in the colon, cecum and jejunum. After the expansion of the excitation light wavelength range of fluorescence detection, E. co?li were observed mainly in the ileum, and only a few E. coli were found in the stomach in 3?days old SD rat. E. coli mainly existed in the stomach, then the cecum and only a few E. coli were found in the ileum and jejunum in 14-days old SD rats. E. coli could be found in the whole intestinal system but mainly in the ileum and cecumin of the 60-days old rats. Conclu?sions Examining the intestinal autofluorescent microbes with the small animal in vivo imaging system can be helpful and make guidance to study the distribution of intestinal microbes in the host at different developmental stages, and to provide a basis for studying the relationship of intestinal microbes with its host and the gastrointestinal drug administration.

Objective Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) often causes damage to multiple systems, especially to the central nervous system, inducing cognitive dysfunction.This study aims to explore the possible correlation of the expressions of serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with cognitive impairment in rats under different hypoxia conditions.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were equally randomized into a normal control, a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), and a chronic continuous hypoxia (CCH) group.The rats of the CIH group were placed in a hypoxia chamber filled with N2 and air, the oxygen concentration switched from (7±0.5)% to 21%, 1.5 minutes for each state and 4 minutes for each cycle, while those of the CCH group were placed in another hypoxia chamber with the oxygen concentration of (7±0.5)%, 8 hours a day and all for 30 days.Then we recorded the body weight of the rats, detected the expressions of serum HIF-1α and BDNF by ELISA, and observed the changes of behavior by Morris water maze test and those of the hippocampal morphological structure by HE staining.Results At 30 days after modeling, the body weight of the rats was significantly decreased in the CIH and CSH groups as compared with the normal control ([195.75±6.497] and [180.88±12.017] vs [218.63±15.287] g, P<0.05).Positioning navigation showed that the escape latency was significantly longer in the hypoxia models than in the controls (P<0.05), even longer in the CIH than in the CCH group (P<0.05).Spatial exploration test manifested a lower frequency of crossing the platform in the CIH and CCH groups than in the control ([2.63±1.45] and [3.22±1.30] vs [4.97±0.47] times, P<0.05).The expression levels of serum HIF-1α and BDNF were significantly higher in the CIH ([36.14±9.34] and [1625.34±332.44] pg/mL) and CCH ([27.27±6.88] and [1204.07±363.81] pg/mL) than in the normal control group ([14.11±4.06] and [1036.40±124.48] pg/mL) (P<0.05), even higher in the CIH than in the CCH group (P<0.05).HE staining exhibited scattered and disorderly arrangement of hippocampal neurons in the model rats, with unclear nuclear membrane, pyknosis of the nuclei, darkly stained cytoplasm, and some damaged cells.More obvious absence and vacuolization of some cells were observed in the rats of the CIH group.Conclusion Chronic hypoxia inhibits the growth and development of rats and induces cognitive dysfunction.High-level HIF-1α in chronic intermittent hypoxia indicates hypoxia-stress of the body, while compensatory increase of serum BDNF may be involved in neuronal cell damage regulation.

Objective To explore the clinical features and the gene mutations in MECP 2 duplication syndrome. Methods The clinical data of a child with developmental retardation and hypophrenia accompanied with respiratory tract infection was analyzed retrospectively. Microarray analysis technique was used to detect the genes in the patient and his family. The pertinent literature was reviewed. Results A 1-year and 7-month old boy was found to have hypotonia, developmental delay, and recurrent respiratory tract infections after birth. Microarray analysis showed a duplication of 441.88kb in Xq28 area and diagnosis of MECP2 duplication syndrome was confirmed. His grandmother, mother, and two aunts were found duplication of 441.73-441.88kb in Xq28 area, all of whom were MECP2’s female carrier. Conclusions The improvement of chromosome chip technology inspection is helpful to the early diagnosis of MECP2 duplication syndrome.

Objective To track the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischernic brain damage (HIBD).MethodsA total of 126 healthy,seven-day-old SD rats were used to model the HIBD and then randomly divided into seven groups of 18:a sham group,a hypoxic-ischemic (HI) group,a 6 h HBO group,a 24 h HBO group,a 48 h HBO group,a 72 h HBO group and a 1 week HBO group.One hour of HBO treatment at 2 atmospheres absolute pressure was administered once daily for a week to the rats in the latter 5groups,starting at 6,24,48,72 hours and 1 week post the HIBD modeling,while no HBO was administered to the sham and HI groups.The effects were assessed in terms of histological changes ( the neuron density and the percentage of neuron apoptosis in the CA1 region of the hippocampus) and nitric oxide (NO),malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxygen dismustase (SOD) concentrations after 15 days.ResultsIn the 6 h HBO,24 h HBO,48 h HBO and 72 h HBO groups,average neuron density in the CA1 region was significantly higher than in the HI group.But in the 1 week HBO group the average density was not significantly different than in the HI group.In the 6 h HBO,24 h HBO,48 h HBO and 72 h HBO groups the average percentage of neuron cell apoptosis in the CA1 area of the hippocampus was significantly lower than in the HI group,but the 1 week HBO group again showed no significant difference.There were significant differences in average NO,MDA or SOD levels among the 6 h HBO,24 h HBO,48 h HBO,72 h HBO and HI groups,but the 1 week HBO group showed no significantly higher average levels than the HI group.ConclusionsThe optimal therapeutic window for using HBO to protect against HIBD is within the first week.The best effect can be obtained in the first 6 hours,but after 1 week HBO no longer has a significant effect.The earlier the HBO is administered,the better the effect obtained.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant adenovirus-p53 (rhAd-p53) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer.Methods Forty patients with stage Ⅰ R2-Ⅲ A locally advanced cervical cancer were randomly divided into 2 groups,gene therapy + neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (rhAd-p53+PVB group,n =20.They received one course of chemotherapy consisting of PVB.rhAd-p53 solution 1 ×1012 VP was injected intratumorally every three days for three circles since the 3rd day of PVB chemotherapy) and chemotherapy group (PVB group,n=20,the above course of chemotherapy was conducted).The volums of tumors was observed.Patients were monitored for adverse event.The expression of VEGF,p53 pertein and MVD in tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The evaluation was performed three weeks after the completion of chemotherapy.The PVB group response rate (CR+PR) was 75 ％,while the effective rate was 95 ％ of the PVB combined with gene group.After using of the PVB chemotherapy,the tumor was shrunk by (11.42±2.78) cm2.However,the volums of tumor were significantly shrunk by (15.25±4.00) cm2 using the PVB combined with gene therapy,and P ＜ 0.05.The positive expression rate of VEGF,p53 protein and MVD were reduced respectively in PVB group and rhAd-p53 + PVB group with statistic significance.There were no additional adverse events by recombinant adenovirus-p53 combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion A potentially gene therapeutic agent for cervical cancer treatment,intratumoral injection of rhAd-p53 is effective.

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Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99Tcm-MIBI gated G-MPI in detecting the myocardial damage in sarcoglycanopathy.Methods 99 Tcm - MIBI G - MPI was performed in 8 patients (3 males,5 females,age ranged from 10 to 30 y) with sarcoglycanopathy confirmed by clinical results and molecular pathology and 4 healthy persons as control group.Quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) software was used for processing and interpretation.Myocardium of left ventricle was divided into 7 segments and 20 subsegments.A five-point scoring system was used to evaluate the myocardial damage.Results Seven patients showed positive results in G-MPI (7/8).Fifty-nine sub-segments of injured myocardium were detected in the 140 sub-segments of 7 abnormal patients.One abnormal segment was observed in 1 patient,two abnormal segments were detected in 2 patients,and ≥3 abnormal segments were observed in 4 patients.Enlarged left ventricles were detected in 5 patients (5/8),and the LVEF of 3 patients among them decreased to (43.1 ±2.8)％.Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI G-MPI can detect myocardial damage in sarcoglycanopathy as a direct and non-invasive method,and can be used in the early diagnosis and long-term follow-up in sarcoglycanopathy.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ~(99)Tc~m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) SPECT scintigraphy combined Iocalizable CT in the localization of ectopic parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism.Methods Retrospective data of surgery,pathology and imaging were collected from 28 patients with hyperfunctioning ectopic parathyroid glands.All cases underwent CT studies.Twenty-five patients had ~(99)Tc~m-MIBI planar imaging first:SPECT scintigraphy combined localizable CT was performed for the patients with abnormal radionuclide foci immediately.The fusion images obtained after reconstruction showed the exact location of the ectopic foci.Operative histopathologic results were regarded as "gold standards".Presuming 4 parathyroid glands as normal findings,findings confirmed by operation and pathology were regarded as positive,otherwise negative.The results of CT and radionuclide imaging were compared by X~2-test of four-foId table.Results Twenty-eight ectopic parathyroid glands were found in 28 patients,all pathologically confirmed as adenomss.CT found 22 foci,of which 17 were true positive,5 false positive,11 false negative,and 79 true negative.~(99)Tc~m-MIBI SPECT scintigraphy combined localizable CT found 23 foci,no false positive,2 false negative,and 75 true negative.The results showed that the sensitivities were 61% (17/28),92%(23/25),specificities 94%(79/84),100%(75/75),accuracies 86%(96/112),98% (98/100),positive predictive values 77%(17/22),100%(23/23),and negative predictive values 88% (79190),97%(75/77),respectively,for CT and radionuclide imaging.~(99)Tc~m-MIBI SPECT scintigraphy combined localizable CT was therefore significantly higher than CT in sensitivity(X~2=6.98,P＜0.01),specificity (X~2=4.61,P＜0.05),accuracy (X~2=10.30,P＜0.01),positive predictive value(X~2=5.88,P＜0.05) and negative predictive value (X~2=5.36,P＜0.05).Conclusion ~(99)Tc~m-MIBI SPECT scintigraphy combined localizable CT is superior to CT alone in the localization of ectopic parathyroid glands in hyperparathyroidism,but false negative can be found in some patients.

Objective To explore the changes of C-reactive protein(CRP) and von willebrand(VW) factor levels on pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)caused by non-infective diseases in children.Methods Thirty-two children who attained to SIRS criterias caused by non-infective diseases were selected as study group,who were further divided into multiple organ(fai)-lure(MOF)group and non-MOF group according to whether the patients had MOF.Blood samples were taken to measure VW factor and CRP by ELISA and immune turbidimetry respectively.Twenty health children were as control group.Results Concentrations of blood VW factor(37 mg/L) and CRP[(185.50?27.71)%] were significantly higher in children with SIRS than those in control group(all(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), C-erbB-2, p53, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer tissue and their clinical significance.

METHODSThe expressions of C-erbB-2, p53, ER, and PR in 60 breast cancer tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry, and their clinical significance was analyzed.

RESULTSThe positivity rates of VEGF-C, C-erbB-2, p53, ER, and PR in the 60 breast cancer tissues were 56.7%, 38.3%, 46.7%, 48.3% and 53.3%, respectively. The expressions of VEGF-C and C-erbB-2 differed significantly in relation to the lymph node status (P<0.05), but not to the patient's age or tumor volume (P>0.05). The expression of VEGF-C was positively correlated to that of C-erbB-2 (P<0.05). The expression of p53 was positively correlated to the tumor volume (P<0.05). The expressions of ER and PR were not correlated to the patient's age, tumor volume and lymph node status (P>0.05), but were inversely correlated to C-erbB-2 expression (P<0.05) independent of VEGF-C and p53 expressions (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe high expressions of VEGF-C and C-erbB-2 are closely related to lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients, and may cooperate in promoting lymph node metastasis of breast carcinoma. Combined detection of VEGF-C, C-erbB-2, p53, ER and PR may help clinical treatment and prognostic evaluation of breast cancer patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Progesterone ; metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; metabolism