Objective To verify the feasibility and application value of an improved method for determination of urinary iodine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Methods Adults urine samples were collected,iodine calibration curves of 0-300 μg/L and 300-1200 μg/L were prepared,and urinary iodine was determined by the improved As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometric method.Lyophilized human urinary iodine ingredient standards were used to validate linearity and range,limit of detection,precision and accuracy of this improved detection method.Results The linear range of the calibration curve was 0-300 μg/L,the detection limit was 1.8 μg/L,and the range of correlation coefficient was-0.9995--0.9997.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,200-280 μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 1.5％,0.8％ and 0.5％.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,150-180 μg/L,the average recoveries were 97.8％,99.8％ and 96.6％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (73.0± 9.0) and (206.0± 10.0)μg/L,and the results determined by this method were (75.5 + 0.9) and (207.5 ± 1.9)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 3.4％ and 0.7％,respectively,the results determined were all within the given value range.The linear range of the calibration curve was 300-1200 μg/L,the detection limit was 305.2 μg/L,the range of the correlation coefficient was-0.9996--0.9999.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-400,500-600 and 1000-1200μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 0.6％,1.0％ and 0.7％.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-499,500-599 and 600-700 μg/L,the average recoveries were 99.7％,99.2％ and 100.4％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (558.3 ± 3.5) and (884.8 ± 4.7)μg/L,the results determined by this method were (556.0 + 17.0) and (883.0 ± 28.0)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 0.4％ and 0.2％,respectively,the results were all within the given value range.Conclusions This method extends the detection range of iodine concentration,and improves precision and accuracy.This method greatly reduces the amount of arsenic used therefore reduces environmental pollution,which is suitable for promotion.

Objective To investigate the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone(HC)on hippocampus nuclear factor kappa B((NF-?B)),I?B expression in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced septic rats and the role of NF-?B signal transcription pathway in pathogenesis.Methods Fifty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group(A group,n=6),model group(B group,n=24),low-dose HC treatment group(C group,n=24).The septic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection LPS(1 mg/kg),as the intervention by caudal vein injection low-dose HC(6 mg/kg),each of B and C group was subdivied into 2,8,16,24 hours respectively after LPS injection(n=6).At serial time points,the animals in each group were sacrificed,brain tissue samples were harvested to determine NF-?B,I?B expression by immunhistochemistry in hippocampus.Results In B group: NF-?B expression was up regulated compared with A group(P

There are 250 species of Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae) in the world. This genus distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Alkaloids are the major and representative ingredients in these plants including quinolines, isoquinolines, and amide alkaloids, with such biological activities as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-virus, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-bacteria and anti- oxidant. These species have been used for a long time to treat toothache, urinary and venereal diseases, lumbago and rheumatism. This review summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities from the Z. sppplants, in an effort to the systematic research and application of the alkaloids of this genus.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Zanthoxylum ; chemistry

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus associated with important human diseases, including infectious mononucleosis syndrome, malignant lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanism of EBV entry into host cells remains a subject of intensive research. After decades of study, researchers have identified several key proteins and different patterns of EBV intrusion into host cells. The viral surface glycoproteins, gp350/220, gp42, gB, gH, and gL, are involved in interactions with the CR2 receptor on the surface of B lymphocytes during viral entry. However, the majority of epithelial cells lack CR2 receptor expression, which makes viral invasion much more complex than in B lymphocytes. Three different models have been proposed to explain how EBV enters epithelial cells: (1) "transfer of infection", mediated by B lymphocytes or Langerhans cells; (2) EBV utilizes its own proteins during the process of fusion with the cell membrane; and (3) progeny virions arising from EBV-infected epithelial cells cross lateral membranes into adjacent epithelial cells. This review will discuss the relevant mechanism of viral entry into B lymphocytes and epithelial cells during EBV infection.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; virology ; Epithelial Cells ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; virology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virus Internalization

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of cannulated screws plus separate vertical wirings technique for acute fracture of the inferior pole of the patella.Methods From May 2012 to September 2013,14 patients with fresh closed unilateral fracture of the inferior pole of the patella were treated with the cannulated screws plus separate vertical wirings.Eight patients were injured in traffic collisions and 6 in fall accidents.Fracture AO classification was type 34A1 in 8 patients and type 34A2 in 6 patients.Time from injury to operation was 1-7 days (mean,2.5 days).Number of tie wires was determined according to the degree of fracture comminution.Fracture healing,fixed position and patellar length were evaluated by radiographic examination postoperatively.Knee mobility and Bostman evaluation system were investigated to analyze the clinical effect.Results All the patients obtained average 15-month follow-up (range,12 to 29 months).At postoperative 2 months,the fracture healed with good alignment of the broken bone and proper place of the internal fixation device noted on the X-ray films.At postoperative 6 and 12 months,X-ray films revealed fracture bony healing,good location of the wire internal fixation,and no apparent shortening of the patella.At the 12 months,range of knee motion was (126.0 ± 4.5) ° for flexion and (2.0 ± 1.7) ° for extension.Bostman functional score for patella fracture was (28.1 ± 1.9) points.And 12 patients were rated as excellent and 2 good,with excellence rate of 100％.Conclusion Cannulated screw fixation plus separate vertical wiring is effective to stabilize patella inferior pole fracture and has good results,indicating a recommended surgical method.

Objective To determine the value of Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)technique on diagnosis of adrenal medulla hyperplasia model rats confirmed by pathology study.Methods Sixty male SD rats were divided into 6 groups randomly,10 rats in each group.As experiment group,A,B,C groups were subcutaneously injected with reserpine(0.4 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1))from the beginning to 40,60,80 days respectively.As compare,the control groups(a,b,c group)were only injected with sodium chloride simultaneously.MRI technique and pathology study were performed for all the subjects on 40,60,and 80 days respectively.Results The percent of medulla were higher in B and C groups than that in b and c groups respectively[(34.3?5.8)% vs.(25.7?8.9)%,t=2.462,P

In order to demonstrate the taxonomic position of paramyxovirus Tianjin strain and explore its mechanism of pathogenesis. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the deduced amino acid sequences of NP, P, M, and L protein of Tianjin strain. Phylogenetic analysis based on NP, P, M, and L protein sequences demonstrated that Tianjin strain belonged to the genus Respirovirus, in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae and most likely a new genotype of Sendai virus. Sequence similarities comparisons indicated that Tianjin strain P protein was poorly conserved, sharing only 78.7%~91.9% amino acid identity with 6 known Sendai viruses, while L protein was the most conserved, having 96.0%~98.0% amino acid identity with other Sendai viruses. Multiple-sequence alignments of Tianjin strain NP, P, M, and L protein with those of 6 known Sendai viruses showed that Tianjin strain possessed a lot of unique amino acid substitutions in protein sequences, 15 in NP, 29 in P, 6 in M, and 29 in L. The presence of these unique amino acid substitutions suggests that Tianjin strain maybe has a significant difference in host or pathological characteristics from the known Sendai viruses.

OBJECTIVETo determine the contents of saikosaponin a, d and saikosaponins in Radix Bupleuri from different and assess their quality.

METHODSaikosaponin a and d were used as the chemical reference substance to establish RP-HPLC and visible-spectrophotometry methods for determination of contents of saikosaponin a, d and saikosaponins.

RESULTThe quality of B. chinense was better than that of B. scozonerifolium and B smishii; The contents of a, saikosaponin d and total saikosaponin in B. chinense were 0.100%-0.330%, 0.200%-0.400% and 1.00%-2.00% , respectively.

CONCLUSIONIt is to suggest that the minimal contents requirements of saikosaponin a, d and saikosaponins in B. chinense should be set at 0. 100% , 0.200% and 1.00% , respectively; the best suitable planting areas are Taigu in the middle of Shanxi province, Ruicheng, Pinglu and Wanrong in the south of Shanxi province, and Longxi, Lixian in Gansu province.

Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Saponins ; analysis ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo look into the distribution of “iodine suitable” region in iodine-deficient areas in Shandong province and to provide a scientific basis for guiding the redesignate of iodine-deficient areas and launch scientific supply of iodine.Methods One to 3 copies of water source samples were collected in 105 existing iodine-deficient counties by village.Water iodine content was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.The areas with water iodine content below 10 μg/L was defined as iodine-deficient areas and among 10 - 150 μg/L were “iodine suitable areas” and greater than 150 μg/L were high iodine areas.Results The research was carried out in 14 cities,105 counties,and 1337 towns.We collected 65 716 water samples.Sample recovery efficiency reached 99.8％.The median of water iodine was 5.57 μg/L.In the 1337 towns surveyed,there were 82.05％(1097/1337) of the township with water iodine median ＜ 10 μg/L,17.43％(233/1337) between 10 - 150 μg/L,and 0.52％(7/1337) ＞ 150 μg/L.Conclusions In Shandong province,the water “iodine suitable” regions are distributed scattered with considerable proportion.In iodine-deficient areas,there are areas with high water iodine,and iodine-deficient regions should be redrawn.Emphasis should be put on iodine nutritional status of residents in “high iodine and iodine suitable” regions,and iodine supplementation should be carries out scientifically.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enoyl-CoA Hydratase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection