Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation

Objective To findout the current situation of plague,and the population structure and density distribution of rodent.Methods According to The Plague Monitoring Scheme of Inner Mongolia,we surveyed the surrounding areas of Ceke and Xinximiao.The density of rats was surveyed by one-day bow-clip method and the method of 5 meters clamp law catching rats was used.According to The Plague Diagnostic Criteria(WS 279-2008),the rats and fleas were detected by isolation and culture of Yersinia pestis,the serums of rodent were tested by indirect hemagglutination test.Results From 2002 to 2012,the monitored area was 291 km2.The number of qnadrat in every square kilometers was 118.The number of rodent captured was 1051,the number of Meriones Meridianus was 526,accounting for 50.05％ (526/1051),the number of Euchoreutes Naso was 175,accounting for 16.65％ (175/1051),and the number of Rhombomys Opimus was 154 accounting for 14.65％(154/1051).The average rodent density was 8.91/hm2.Etiology and serological test results were negative,46 groups of 753 fleas were cultured and 154 serum samples were tested.Conclusions There is no epidemic situation of animal plague in this area,but Meriones Meridianus is a dominant rat with high resistant.So,intensive monitoring should be strengthened in this area to prevent the prevalence of rodent and human plague.

Fermentation condition optimization of P. decumbens Ju-A10 for production of CMCase using three kinds of plant cellulosic wastes as carbon sources was made using RSA method. The result was that CMCase was the highest when the level of carbon source was 9. 77 % , 8. 69 % and 9. 97% , and liquid volume was 64. 7 mL, 54. 2 mL, 40. 8 mL for carbon sources of millet straw, wheat straw and paper sludge, respectively. The value of CMCase was 29. 26IU/mL, 29. 14 IU/mL, 29. 81 IU/mL, respectively, in the above cases. The value of R2 is 0. 9117 , 0. 9246, 0. 8655 , respectively. It could be concluded that the fermentation models were quite reliable. The method can be applied in optimization of fungi fermentation medium.

Objective With the method of detecting hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid(HBV-DNA) gene in breast milk,in ordered to diagnose whether there is HBV in breast milk in those mothers whose HBsAg are positive.Methods Collected breast milk from 187 mothers whose HBsAg were positive,and complified HBV-N gene in breast milk by Nested-Polymerase chain reaction (Nested-PCR).Results Nested-PCR could detect HBV-DNA in breast milk,and the positive rate was 3.2%.Conclusion The method of detecting HBV-N gene in breast milk by Nested-PCR can detect HBV-DNA in breast milk,and it can be an laboratory evidence for whether breast feeding or not.

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility to evaluate objectively auditory temporal resolution using the iso-modulation depth temporal modulation transfer function (TMTF) derived from the amplitude of evoked response to sinusoidally modulated signals.

METHODSChronic electrodes were implanted in inferior colliculus and auditory cortex of guinea pigs. We recorded the evoked response to sinusoidally modulated tones with modulation frequency being varied from 20 to 400 Hz and modulation depth fixed at 100%. The response amplitude in uV was converted into relative amplitude using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) function provided by Biosig software, and then the iso-modulation depth TMTF was plotted with the relative amplitude changed with modulation frequency. Then we recorded the evoked response to the sinusoidally modulated tones with modulation depth being varied from 100% to 10% and derived the iso-amplitude TMTF comparable to conventional modulation depth threshold TMTF. The derived iso-amplitude TMTF was compared to iso-modulation depth TMTF to determine the validity of iso-modulation depth TMTF.

RESULTSThe iso-modulation-depth TMTF and iso-amplitude TMTF in inferior colliculus and auditory cortex of guinea pigs represented respectively bandpass and lowpass characteristic. The cut-off frequency calculated from the two TMTF methods didn't differ significantly and the cut-off frequency derived from auditory cortex iso-modulation depth TMTF was consistent with behavioral results.

CONCLUSIONSThe TMTF plotted with the response amplitude to sinusoidally modulated tones with the modulation depth fixed at 100% and the modulation frequency was a valid method to evaluate objectively auditory temporal resolution.

Animals ; Auditory Cortex ; physiology ; Electrodes ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; physiology ; Fourier Analysis ; Guinea Pigs ; Inferior Colliculi ; physiology ; Reaction Time

Objective To investigate the pregnancy outcomes of couples with either maternal or paternal balanced translocations.Methods One hundred and ninety-four couples were divided into three groups based on the kind of translocations:135 with reciprocal translocation,52 with nonhomologous Robertsonian translocations,and 7 with homologous Robertsonian translocations.Past reproductive histories were surveyed.For those who wanted to have their own babies by natural conceptions after knowing their karyotypes as well as the risks of abnormal offsprings,subsequent pregnancy outcomes were recorded.Total pregnancy outcomes were compared between three groups.Results(1)503 previous and subsequent pregnancies were recorded in detail.The pregnancy outcomes are as follows:spontaneous abortions 81.7% (411/503);induced terminations because of fetal abnormalities 3.2%(16/503);birth defects 7.2% (36/503);normal/balanced offsprings 8.0%(40/503).In reciprocal translocations,nonhomologous Robertsonian translocations and homologous Robertsonian translocations,the birth defects rates were 5.7% (20/350),10.9%(14/128)and 8.0%(2/25),respectively(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of nitric oxide on mitochondrial permeability and cytochrome C (cyt C) of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.

METHODSNO-mediated apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 was investigated by flow cytometry. The growth and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 were evaluted by MTT assay. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential was analyzed by flow cytometry with double staining of Rh123 and PI, and cytoplasmid cyt C was measured by Western blot. The cells were preincubate with cyclosporin A or GSH synthesis blocker BSO to explore their effect on the results of the above experiments.

RESULTSNO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 and resulted in the decrease of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and the increase of the amount of cytoplasmid cyt C in time-dependent manner. Cyclosporin A (CsA) specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore could partially prevent the decrease of delta psi m and the release of cyt C. In contrast, GSH synthesis blocker BSO promoted the decrease of delta psi m and the release of cyt C.

CONCLUSIONSNO may induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines SMMC-7721 and HepG2 by decreasing delta psi m, opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, and releasing the cyt C.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Membranes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide Donors ; pharmacology ; Permeability ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in peripheral blood CD34+cells and plasma levels ofvascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in patients with acute cerebral infarction.and explore the roles of CD34+ cells and VEGF in acute cerebral infarcfion. Methods In 40 patients with acute cerebral infarction,the counts of CD34+cells in tlle peripheral blood were measured using flow cytometry on days 3,7,10 and 14 following the onset,with 40 healthy individuals as the control.Plasma levels of VEGF were also measured in these subjects at the same time points using enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA). Results Peripheral CD34+ cells increased significantly after the onset of acute cerebral infarction,reaching the peak level on day 10.Plasma VEGF levels also increased significantly in the patients as compared with that in the control subjects,reaching the peak level on days 7to 10.An obvious correlation was noted between the levels of pefipheral blood CD34+cells and VEGF levels in the patients with acute cerebral infarction. Conclusion Increased peripheral VEGF level and CD34+cells folMwing acute cerebral infarction may promote angiogenesis,improve brain tissue hypoxia isehemia,and so play a role in the protection of nerve function.

Objective To constitute the animal model of high frequency hearing loss and observer the temporal processing abilities of low frequency regions using prepulse inhibition of auditory startle response (gap-PPI).Methods Ten guinea pigs were randomly grouped into two groups: the high frequency hearing loss group with six guinea pigs and the control group with four guinea pigs.The former group was exposed to 12 kHz tone at 110 dB SPL for 30 hours to establish the high frequency hearing loss above 8 kHz and the latter group received no stimuations.Before and two,four,six and eight weeks after noise exposure,gapPPI and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were recorded in both groups.In the gap-PPI experiment,three different background noises as 0.5-2 kHz,0.5-4 kHz and 0.5-8 kHz were applied to test the temporal gap.Results High frequency hearing loss above 8 kHz was shown two weeks after noise exposure.The averaged ABR thresholds of 16 kHz,32 kHz and 48 kHz were elevated about 55 dB and shown statistical significance compared to those before exposure (P ＜ 0.05＝.No significant difference of ABR thresholds were shown between 1 kHz,2 kHz,4 kHz and 8kHz before and after noise exposure(P ＞0.05).In the control group,the ABR thresholds remained stable during experiment.In the gap-PPI test,two weeks after noise exposure of 8 kHz,the experiment group showed attenuated inhibition ability and recovered gradually four weeks after noise exposure.No statistical differences of inhibition ability at time points of two,four,six and eight weeks after noise exposure of 4 kHz were detected when compared with that of pre-exposure.Under the background noise of 2 kHz,the inhibition ability attenuated and reached statistical significance at 6-8 weeks after noise exposure.Conclusion The high frequency hearing loss might induce an impairment of the temporal processing in the low frequency region.

AIMTo study the pharmacokinetics of fudosteine in healthy volunteers after the single and multiple dose administration.

METHODSThirty-six volunteers were divided into three groups randomly, each group included six men and six women. In the single dose design, the volunteers received either a single dose of 600 mg, 400 mg or 200 mg fudosteine. After a one-week wash out period, the volunteers of 400 mg group participated in the multiple dose design in which each volunteer received 400 mg fudosteine three times a day for five consecutive days. The plasma concentrations were determined by pre-column derivatization HPLC-FL method and the pharmacokinetic parameters of fudosteine were calculated.

RESULTSThe obtained pharmacokinetic parameters of fudosteine in single dose of 600 mg, 400 mg and 200 mg groups were as follows: T1/2 were (2.8 +/- 0.5), (2.7 +/- 0.5) and (3.2 +/- 0.6) h, respectively. T(max) were (0.51 +/- 0.22), (0.59 +/- 0.21) and (0.48 +/- 0.18) h, respectively. C(max) were (16 +/- 4), (11 +/- 3) and (6.1 +/- 1.5) microg x mL(-1), respectively. The AUC(0-10 h) and C(max) correlated linearly with doses, respectively (r > 0.99). The T(max), C(max) and AUC values of fudosteine in healthy male volunteers were smaller than those in female volunteers, and the T1/2 value was longer than that in female volunteers. The obtained multi-dose pharmacokinetic parameters of fudosteine were as follows: C(ss) was (4.1 +/- 0.8) microg x mL(-1); DF was 3.0 +/- 0.7; T1/2 was (2.5 +/- 0.4) h; T(max) was (0.6 +/- 0.3) h; C(max) was (13.2 +/- 1.3) microg x mL(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe values of pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy volunteers were linear in the range from 200 mg to 600 mg. Statistic analysis results showed that the differences of AUC and C(max) between men and women were not resulted from sexual differences, but from the weight differences. There was no significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters between single dose and multi-dose.

Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Area Under Curve ; Body Weight ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cystine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Factors