OBJECTIVETo observe the impact of inducing the formation of the post-moxibustion sore on the efficacy of bronchial asthma treated with scarring moxibustion.

METHODSThree hundred and seventy-two cases diag nosed definitely as bronchial asthma at remission stage were randomly divided into a modified nursing group (248 cases) and a conventional nursing group (124 cases). The scarring moxibustion was applied at Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Danzhong (CV 17) and Tiantu (CV 22) in either group. The direct moxibustion with moxa cone was adopted. In modified nursing group, 0.5% Iodine was used for the sterilization at moxa abscess. The herbal plaster was cut into an inverted triangle and compressed on the wound. After suppuration, the fester was not cleaned in each dressing change. Additionally, the patients were advised to have high-protein diets after moxibus tion till abscess dropped. In conventional nursing group, 0.5% Iodine was used for the sterilization at moxa abscess. The herbal plaster was cut into a round shape that could cover completely the moxa wound. After suppuration, in each dressing change, the wound was cleaned and sterilized. Additionally, the patients were advised to avoid any stimulating food after moxibustion till abscess dropped. The clinical efficacy, the change of C3 content in blood serum and the clinical symptom score were observed in two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 93.5% (232/248) in modified nursing group, which was better than 79.0% (98/124) in conventional nursing group (P < 0.01). C3 content increased apparently after treatment as compared with that before treatment in either group (both P < 0.01), but C3 level increased much more apparently in modified nursing group as compared with that in conventional nursing group (P < 0.01). The clinical symptom score reduced apparently after treatment in either group (both P < 0.01), but that reduced much more apparently in modified nursing group as compared with that in conventional nursing group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIn the treatment of bronchial asthma with scarring moxibustion, to induce the formation of the post-moxibustion sore achieves the better clinical efficacy as compared with conventional nursing.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asthma ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combined with general anesthesia or controlled hypotension on hippocampal neuronal damage and the inflammatory response in peripheral circulation and central nervous system (CNS) after surgery, and to investigate its brain protection mechanism.

METHODSEighteen healthy male beagles aged 6 - 8 months were randomly divided into a general anesthesia group (group G), a controlled hypotension group (group C) and a compound anesthesia acupuncture group (group A), 6 cases in each group. Dogs in group G was anesthetized by isoflurane inhalation, and group C was combined with intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside based on isoflurane inhalation to induce hypotension, and followed surgery after achieving the target blood pressure, and group A was combined with TEAS at "Quchi" (LI 11), "Hegu" (LI 4) "Zu sanli" (ST 36) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) based on controlled hypotension, and then brain tissue was taken out on the 72 h after mean arterial pressure (MAP) was returned to baseline levels. The concentration of IL-1beta,TNF-alpha in serum at different time points were detected by ELISA. The expression of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were measured by immunohistochemistry, and the apoptosis of hippocampus were detected by TUNEL.

RESULTS(1) At different time points, the concentration of TNFalpha showed the trend of increase first and then decrease, while IL-1beta concentration represented a trend of decrease first and then increase in both group C and group A, but there were no significant differences in cytokine expression between the two groups (all P > 0.05). (2) The ratio of positive cells of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and caspase-3 in CA1 and CA3 of hippocampus in both group C and A were higher than those in group G (all P < 0.01), and cytokines expression in group A were lower than those in group C (all P < 0.01), and caspase-3 in CA1 in group A was lower than that in group C (P < 0.01). The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in both group C and A were lower than that in group G (all P < 0.01), and that in group A was higher than that in group C (P < 0.01 in CA1, P < 0.05 in CA3). (3) The apoptosis index (AI) of hippocampal neurons in both group C and A was significantly higher than that in group G (P < 0.01), while AI in CA1 in group A was lower than that in group C (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe TEAS can regulate the expression of inflammatory factor in hippocampus in animals undergoing general anesthesia or con trolled hypotension surgery, further improving Bcl-2/Bax ratio, inhibiting the expression of caspase-3 and reducing neuron apoptosis in hippocampus so as to play a neuroprotection.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Dogs ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; immunology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypotension, Controlled ; Inflammation ; genetics ; immunology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Neurons ; cytology ; immunology ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical situation of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies, and discuss the susceptible factors and precautions. 541 patients with hematological malignancies from 2008 Jan to 2011 Dec in hospital 307 of Chinese PLA were statistically retrospectively analyzed in term of clinical manifestation, image examination, culture results of secretions, therapy and so on. The results showed that 63 out of 541 patients got invasive fungal infections. The respiratory tract and intestinal tract were the most common infection sites (62.34 and 19.48, respectively); Candida albicans (66.67) and Candida glabrata (12.82) were the most common pathogens. It is concluded that the main risk factors are as follows: primary diseases, chemotherapy, glucocorticoid, leukopenia after chemotherapy, applications of broad-spectrum antibiotics and aging. It is suggested that a stratification of risk factors is helpful in preventing and treating invasive fungal infections.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Candida ; pathogenicity ; Child ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Female ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; complications ; microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) on proteins related to apoptosis in INS-1 cells with exposure to intermittent high glucose.

METHODSINS-1 cells cultured in vitro were divided into control group, persistent high glucose group (PHG), intermittent high glucose group (IHG), CoPP + intermittent high glucose group (CoPP+IHG), and ZnPP+ intermittent high glucose group (ZnPP+IHG). After 72 h of treatment with the corresponding protocols, the cells were examined for expressions of HO-1 protein by Western blotting and for expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 by immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSIn comparison with the control group, the cells in both PHG group and IHG group showed significantly increased expressions of HO-1 (P<0.01) and decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratios (P<0.05). The cells in CoPP+ IHG group exhibited a greater HO-1 protein expression but a lower Bcl-2/Bax ratio than those in IHG group (P<0.05) The ZnPP+IHG group demonstrated opposite changes in terms of HO-1, Bax and Bcl-2 expressions compared with the CoPP+IHG group.

CONCLUSIONIntermittent high glucose can lower Bcl-2/Bax ratio in INS-1 cells, and HO-1 may protect INS-1 cells against apoptosis possibly by up-regulating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Glucose ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans ; cytology ; drug effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the role of mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICUI) in myocardial hypertrophy of mice and underlying mechanism.Methods The model of myocardial hypertrophy was established via incubation of mouse cardiac myocytes (MCM) with 300nmol/L angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) for 48 hours in vitro.After that,MICU1 specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was delivered to knockdown MICU1 levels in MCM.On the other hand,adenovirus-mediated over-expression of MICU 1 was transfected into MCM.Accordingly,the expressions of ANP and BNP in myocardial cells were measured by qRT-PCR.Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP contents were detected byJC-1 assay kit and ATP assay kit,respectively.Then,Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect the levels of MICU1 in myocardial cells.The mitochondrial Ca2+ contents were measured via atomic absorption flame spectroscopy.The size of myocardial cells was determined by α-actinin staining.Results Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP contents in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes induced by Ang Ⅱ were both decreased.Meanwhile,myocardial hypertrophy significantly increased mitochondrial Ca2+ contents but decreased MICU1 levels.With the method of genetic intervention,we found that MICUI deficiency exacerbated mitochondrial Ca2+ overload,increased cell surface and elevated the expression of BNP.Conversely,the overexpression of MICU1 obviously decreased mitochondrial Ca2+ overload,cell surface of MCM and expressions of ANP and BNP.Conclusion MICU1 alleviates Ang Ⅱ-induced myocardial hypertrophy via inhibiting mitochondrial Ca2+ overload.

Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; China ; ethnology ; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinicopathologic features of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL-N), to explore the expression of NK cell-associated receptors in ENKTCL-N and the relationship with prognosis, and to establish a prognostic model.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-six cases of ENKTCL-N were selected from the files of the Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The relevant clinical and follow-up data were collected, and the histopathology was reviewed. All specimens were stained immunohistochemically for CD16, ICAM-1 and LFA-1. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of CD94, NKG2 and KIR. The relationship between the prognosis of ENKTCL-N, clinical features, histopathological characteristics and expression of these markers were also analyzed.

RESULTSENKTCL-N mainly occurred in middle-age and young patients (median age, 41 years). The male to female ratio was 3.2:1. Sites more commonly involved were the nose and upper aerodigestive tract whereas those for the non-nasal type were the skin and gut. Only six cases involved two or more extranodal sites. Most (86.5%, 109/126) of the patients were in clinical stages I/II. The tumors showed predominately medium-sized tumor cells and large-sized tumor cells accounted for only 9.5% (12/126). Coagulative necrosis was present in all cases. The expression rates of CD56, CD16, CD94, LFA-1 and ICAM-1 were 82.6% (95/115), 15.1% (19/126), 55.4% (41/74), 40.5% (51/126) and 0, respectively. The expression rate of NKG2 receptor was 90.5% (67/74) overall. NKG2 receptor expression was independent of CD94. The overall expression rate of KIR receptor was 33.8% (25/74) and KIR receptor restriction was not detected in 20.8% (5/24) of the cases. Follow-up data was available in all patients, with median and average survival time being 15 months and 20.2 months, respectively. Survival analysis showed that prognostic factors included the gender, age, disease type, extranodal involvement, stage, the expression of CD16, LFA-1 and CD94. Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis revealed four factors, age, involved site, stage and CD16 expression, were independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSThe age, disease type, stage and CD16 expression are independent prognostic factors. Establishment of a prognostic model based on the above four factors can be more accurate in the prognostication of ENKTCL-N. The differences in the clinical features, prognosis, and expression of NK cell-associated receptors are obvious between nasal NK-cell lymphoma and non-nasal NK-cell lymphoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nose Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Receptors, IgG ; metabolism ; Receptors, KIR ; metabolism ; Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the status of child neglect among urban areas children and adolescents aged 3 - 17 years in China.

METHODSUsing multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, 8001 children and adolescents were recruited from 30 cities of 14 provinces in December 2008. The investigation was carried based on The 3 - 6 years old children Neglect Norms of city in China and The 6 - 17 years old children Neglect Norms of city in China. SPSS 13.0 was employed for analyzing neglect rate and degree for group of areas, age, sex and neglect type (including neglect of physical, emotional, educational, medical, safety and social).

RESULTSThe degrees of child neglect for urban children aged 3 - 6 (children aged 6 were not in school), 6 - 8 (children aged 6 were school children), 9 - 11, 12 - 14 and 15 - 17 were 42.2 ± 6.9, 42.8 ± 8.4, 42.1 ± 9.1, 46.4 ± 9.2 and 49.7 ± 8.4(P < 0.05), the neglect rates were 28.0% (326/1163), 28.8% (431/1496), 27.2% (543/1962), 22.4% (373/1664) and 32.8% (563/1716) (P < 0.05), respectively. There were differences in six neglect types for each group; the neglect degrees and rates were high in the group aged 12 - 14 and 15 - 17 (46.4 ± 9.2 and 49.1 ± 8.4, 22.4% (373/1664) and 32.8% (563/1716), respectively); for each neglect type, the neglect degree of children aged 15 - 17 were highest (52.8 ± 8.0, 47.3 ± 11.6, 49.5 ± 10.8, 42.4 ± 10.3, 52.2 ± 16.0, 56.0 ± 10.1). The degree and rate of neglect in West were highest, Middle was next, the East was lowest (the neglect degrees were 45.4 ± 9.1, 45.0 ± 9.3 and 44.0 ± 8.8, P < 0.05;the rates were 30.7% (1340/4361), 25.0% (756/3024) and 21.2% (131/616), P < 0.05). Degree and rate of child neglect for children without siblings were lower than children with siblings (the neglect degrees were 44.2 ± 9.0 and 47.6 ± 9.1, P < 0.01; the rates were 26.1% (1572/6017) and 33.0% (655/1984), P < 0.01). Neglect degree of school children aged 6 years old (43.1 ± 7.3) was higher than children not in school (40.7 ± 7.8) (P < 0.01), but neglect rate was lower (the rates were 35.4% (60/169) and 21.3% (84/394), P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNeglect degree and rate of urban children and adolescents aged 3 - 17 years in China were both high, and neglect deserved more attentions.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVETo report a Chinese Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) family.

METHODSAll the members in the family were studied clinically,and 6 patients were studied electrophysiologically. Sural nerve biopsy was performed in the proband. PMP22 gene duplications were detected by highly polymorphic short tandem repeat. Point mutation analysis of PMP22, MPZ and NEFL gene was screened by PCR-SSCP combined with DNA direct sequencing. A genome-wide screening was carried out to the family.

RESULTExcept 2 who had weakness and atrophy in both proximal and distal muscles of the lower limbs, all patients presented muscle wasting and a predominating weakness of distal parts of the lower limbs, and mild to moderate sensory impairments. In 6 patients who were subjected to elctrophysiological examinations, median-nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the median nerve was normal. Electromyograms (EMGs) revealed signs of denervation with large motor unit potentials, fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves. Sural nerve biopsy of the proband confirmed the presence of axonal neuropathy with an important loss of large myelinating fibers and a large number of clusters with mostly thinly myelinated axons. PMP22, MPZ and NEFL gene mutations were not found. The results of genome-wide screening revealed a linkage of CMT2 to a locus at chromosome 12q24.

CONCLUSIONThe results are consistent with the diagnosis of CMT2. This family represents a rare genetic type of CMT2 which can be designated as CMT2L.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ; genetics ; pathology ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 ; genetics ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree

BACKGROUND: There are an increasing number of patients with oral sensory complaints (OSCs) presenting to our dental clinic. For most dentists, it is difficult to distinguish burning mouth syndrome (BMS) from other oral mucosal diseases that may cause symptoms such as burning mouth. It is beneficial to effectively distinguish OSC patients to reduce misdiagnosis and eliminate burning symptoms as much as possible. METHODS: Patients with oral burning sensations in the oral mucosal disease clinic were collected from the Peking University Hospital of Stomatology between September 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018. After excluding oral candidiasis, anemic stomatitis, dental material allergy, and other diseases from patients with oral sensory complaints, basic conditions such as gender, age, education level, job status, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, history of brain abnormalities, history of cervical spondylitis, history of thyroid disease, history of thyroid disease and insomnia were obtained. The BMS patients were compared with the control group. The t test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis to compare the clinical symptoms of these diseases and explore the risk factors for BMS. RESULTS: In this case-control study, 395 patients (321 females and 74 males, mean age 55.26 ± 10.51 years) with oral sensory complaints and 391 healthy controls (281 females and 110 males, mean age 47.11 ± 13.10 years) were enrolled, among which, 8.4% (33/395) had oral candidiasis, 1.3% (5/395) had dental material allergy, 0.8% (3/395) had anemic stomatitis and 0.5% (2/395) had lichen planus. A total of 352 patients were eventually diagnosed with BMS. Anxiety and depression were more severe in BMS patients, as were the incidences of sleep disorders and brain abnormalities. Logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] = 2.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61-4.83, P < 0.001), total cholesterol level (OR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.32-6.50, P = 0.009) and anxiety score (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.01-2.77, P = 0.017) significantly increased the incidence of BMS. Patients with hyperglycemia (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23-0.89, P = 0.022), low body mass index (BMI: OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34-0.93, P = 0.026) and low education level (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.91-6.15, P < 0.001) were more likely to suffer from BMS. CONCLUSIONS Oral candidiasis, anemic stomatitis, and dental material allergy with burning symptoms should be excluded from patients with BMS. It is recommended to conduct a questionnaire survey (including anxiety and depression), blood cell analysis, and salivary fungus culture for all patients with an oral burning sensation. It is necessary to conduct a patch test on patients with oral burning sensations and metal restorations.
Adult ; Aged ; Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Burning Mouth Syndrome ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires