Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the overall state of health, pays attention to individual health condition, highlights maintaining health rather than diseases, shows the clinical effectiveness with flexible treatment. It is the unique resource of health service in our country. Currently, the qualification and certification of traditional Chinese medicinewere only applied in medical practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and Gua sha.This led to the status quo of vacuum to the traditional Chinese medicine in the fields of access system and standardization. Thus, it is urgent to unify and standardize the access and qualification traditional Chinese medicine, in order to TCM inheritance and development. The establishment of the system should be based on clinical effect and difference among the clinical application. The system can be divided into easy, middle and senior level TCM therapist. TCM therapist with different levels can apply the qualification and certification based on their own levels.

Objective To evaluate clinical feasibility of using a modified bio-material of femoral arterial and bi-caval femoral venous cannulae for children by investigating the blood compatibility and toxicological characteristics of the bio-material of the cannula.Methods The evaluation tests including hemolysis test,skin irritative test were performed in rabbits,and systemic acute toxic test was performed in mice.First,the haemolysis rate of this modified cannula bio-material was calculated by determination of absorptance conducted in vitro;second,the extracts of this material were prepared according to the national evaluation standards of medical bio-materials,and then the extracts were injected subcutaneously in rabbits to observe the histological responses of skin 72h after injection;finally the prepared extracts were injected intravenously into mice to observe the systemic responses 72h after injection.Results Hemolysis test showed that the hemolysis rate of the novel cannula bio-material was 1.58%,which was much lower than the international standard(5%).The blood compatibility of this material was also satisfactory.Primary skin test in rabbits showed no erythema,necrosis or edema in skin.Furthermore,acute systemic toxic test in mice showed no death and no loss of body weight,and no obvious abnormal response was observed 72h after injection.Conclusion The novel bio-material for femoral arterial venous cannulae for children meets the requirements of medical material property,and it can be clinically used.

With the rapid development of medical imaging equipment, the higher requirement for the practice skills of the medical imaging professionals has been put forward. The traditional “CT and MR diagnostics” experimental teaching has some disadvantages, such as poor quality of images, imbalance of teaching resources, students' lack of practical skills training, no reflection of the practi-cal skills in the course examination and so on. They are not conducive to the cultivation of talents. Aimed to improve the experimental teaching quality of the course and students' practical skills, the reformative teaching method and means have been carried out, such as improving the laboratory facil-ities , composing experimental guidance , encouraging students to learn actively , strengthening the examination of practical skills, cultivating teachers in many different ways and so on. Through the survey, 92.9% of the students expressed satisfaction with the experimental course teaching reform. These measures will also be used in the teaching of all the sub courses of medical imaging diagnostics to promote the medical imaging professional training.

OBJECTIVE: To provide referrences for the state drug administrations strengthening supervision and administration, and also for the pharmaceutical enterprises develeping drug marketing.METHODS: To explain the concept of DTC marketing.And the present situation of drug DTC marketing in several foreign countries were discussed and its development process and existing problems in these countries were also analyzed. RESULTS: Drug DTC marketing was under development in the world and pharmaceutical enterprises hawe showed increasing interest in it, however, drug DTC marketing needed further standardization and improvement. CONCLUSION: Drug DTC marketing holds a promising prospect, the effective and standardized development of it will be a big challenge to state drug administrations and pharmaceutical companies in the world.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance characteristics of pathogen in mastitis patients and to provide important foundation for clinical rational antibiotic use .Methods The bacterial isolates from 114 mastitis specimens were collected .Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were carried out .Results A total of 67 strains were isolated from clinical specimen ,in which Staphylococcus aureus[50 .7% (34/67)] and Staphylococcus epidermidis[44 .8% (30/67)] were themostcommonisolate,also Escherichiacoli[1.49% (1/67)],Klebsiellapneumoniae[1.49% (1/67)]andAcinetobactercalcoace-ticus[1 .49% (1/67)] were isolated .The rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and methicillin-resistance to coagulase-negative Staphylococci(MRCNS) were 8 .8% and 46 .7% ,respectively .The sensitive rates of minocycline ,vancomycin , teicoplanin ,furadantin to MRSA strains were 100 .0% .The sensitive rates of vancomycin ,teicoplanin ,levofloxacin ,furadantin and oxacillin to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) were 100 .0% .The sensitive rates of minocycline ,rifampin ,furadan-tin ,vancomycin ,teicoplanin and oxacillin to methicillin-sensitive to coagulase-negative Staphylococci(MSCNS) were 100 .0% .The sensitive rates of vancomycin ,teicoplanin ,minocycline and furadantin to MRCNS were 100 .0% .The resistance rates of penicillin to MRSA ,MSSA ,MSCNS ,MRCNS were 100 .0% .Conclusion Staphylococcus is the main pathogen of mastitis patients .Penicillin is not a first selective drug for acute mastitis .

Objective: To observe the effect of the acupuncture plus medication on the expression of silent information regulator of transcription 1 (SIRT1) and transcription factor forkhead box protein O3a (FOXO3a) in the hippocampus, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of rats with Alzheimer disease (AD), and to explore the possible mechanism of combining acupuncture and medication in improving AD-related neurological symptoms. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a normal group, a model group, an electroacupuncture (EA) group, a drug group, and an acupuncture-medication combined group by the random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. The model was established by micro-injection of streptozotocin into the bilateral lateral ventricles. After successful modeling, rats in the EA group received EA at Zusanli (ST36) and Dazhui (GV14), those in the drug group received intragastric administration of resveratrol at a dose of 44 mg/(kg·bw), and those in the acupuncture- medication combined group received the combined intervention of EA and resveratrol. Rats in each group received intervention once a day for 4 consecutive weeks. Morris water maze was used to detect the rat behavioral changes. Nissl staining method was used to observe the cell morphology and changes in the number of rat hippocampal neurons. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining methods were used to observe the expression changes of SIRT1 and FOXO3a. The thiobarbituric acid method was used to detect the MDA content. SOD activity was determined by the hydroxylamine method. Results: Compared with the normal group, the escape latency was significantly prolonged (P<0.05); the percentage of stay in the target quadrant was reduced (P<0.05), the hippocampal neuronal cells were shrunken, nucleoli were unclear, and cell number was reduced (P<0.05); the SIRT1 expression and SIRT1 positive cell number were decreased, while the FOXO3a expression and FOXO3a positive cell number were increased significantly (P<0.05); the MDA content was increased significantly, and the SOD activity was decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the escape latency was shortened (P<0.05); the percentage of stay in the target quadrant was increased (P<0.05); the shape and number of hippocampal neurons tended to be normal (P<0.05); the SIRT1 protein expression and the SIRT1 positive cell numbers were increased, the FOXO3a protein expression and the FOXO3a positive cell number were decreased (P<0.05); the MDA content was significantly decreased, and the SOD activity was significantly increased (P<0.05) in the EA group, the drug group, and the acupuncture-medication combined group. The changes in the acupuncture-medication combined group were more obvious (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both EA and resveratrol improve the learning and memory ability of AD rats by regulating the expression of SIRT1 and FOXO3a and improving the levels of MDA and SOD in the hippocampus and protect the hippocampal neurons, while the combined use of EA and medication is more effective than EA or resveratrol alone, suggesting that this combined treatment is more effective in AD treatment.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; complications ; Fatal Outcome ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; complications ; Humans ; Infant

The development of laparoscopic techniques has made surgical treatment enter into the era of minimally invasive surgery,and the application of three-dimensional (3D) high-definition laparoscopic system has brought the important innovation for laparoscopic techniques,meanwhile,it also provides stereoscopic visions and more accurate spatial orientation for surgeons.During the process of laparoscopic radical resection of lower rectal cancer,3D vision can help to identify blood vessels,nerve and tissues around the rectum,ensure accurate lymph node dissection,reduce difficulty of operation,and the learning curve of laparoscopic radical resection of lower rectal cancer for inferior surgeons might be shorten by using 3D imaging system.With the development of technology,the value on clinical application of 3D high-definition laparoscope will become more evident.

Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of propofol on the apoptosis in hippocampal neurons in neonatal rats in vitro.Methods Primary hippocampal neurons were prepared from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 7 days) and cultured for 7 days.The neurons were randomly divided into 7 groups (n =8 each):control group (group C),propofol 4,8 and 12 μg/ml groups (groups P1-3),and fat emulsion 4,8and 12 μg/ml groups (groups F1-3).The cells were cultured for 24 h in the culture medium containing propofol 4,8 and 12μg/ml in groups P1-3,respectively.The cells were cultured for 24 h in the culture medium containing fat emulsion 4,8 and 12 μg/ml in groups F1 3,respectively.The cell morphology was examined by microscopy after 24 h culture.The expression of caspase-3 (by immuno-histochemistry) and neuronal apoptosis were detected.The neuronal apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the neuronal apoptosis rate and caspase3 expression were significantly increased in groups P1-3 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The neuronal apoptosis rat and caspase-3 expression were increased in a concentration-dependent manner in groups P1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).The neuronal apoptosis rate and caspase-3 expression were significantly lower in groups F1-3 than in groups P1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the neuronal apoptosis rate and caspase-3 expression between groups F1-3 (P ＞ 0.05).The damage to neurons was induced in groups P1-3 and most severe in group P3.Conclusion Propofol can promote the apoptosis in hippocampal neurons in neonatal rats in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy(URSL) for ureteral calculi.MethodsA total of 378 cases of ureteral calculi received URSL in our hospital by using F8/9.8 Wolf rigid ureteroscope and EMS Ⅱ pneumatic lithotripter(Switzerland).Among the cases,213 had calculi at the left side,158 at the right side,and 7 at the both sides;81 had the stones in the upper ureter,146 in the middle segment,and 158 in the lower part.Results In the cases,313 patients(320 sides) were cured after the first operation with a success rate of 82.8%(313/378).The success rates for the upper,middle,and lower ureteral calculi were 60.5%(49/81),84.2%(123/146),and 93.7%(148/158),respectively.The stones were removed completed in 1 to 8 weeks after the procedure.Fifteen patients were converted to an open surgery.In 3 patients,the URSL were stopped due to failure in placing the ureteroscope.The main postoperative complications in our series included perforation of the ureter(8 cases) and fever(13).Conclusions USRL is a safe,minimally invasive,and effective treatment.It should be the first choice for middle and lower ureteral calculi.