Objective:To explore the relationship between loneliness and attachment in college students and the mediating effect of rumination.Methods:Totally 545 students [239 males,306 females;average age (20 ± 3) years] were assessed with the Russell UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA),Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR,including attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety) and Nolen-Hoeksema Ruminative Response Scale (RRS).The structural equation model was used to research the mediating effect of rumination on relationship between loneliness and attachment.Results:The scores of UCLA,ECR and RRS were positively correlated each other (r =0.30,0.20,0.44,Ps ＜ 0.01) in college students.The inspection of the mediating effect found fit indices for hypothetical model were acceptable (x2 =16.69,df=5,NFI =0.98,IFI =0.99,TLI =0.96,CFI =0.99,AGFI =0.96,RMSEA =0.07).Path analysis revealed that attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety predicted directly loneliness (β =0.10,0.06) and rumination (β =0.05,0.16),and predicted loneliness by rumination (β =0.18).Conclusion:The rumination may be associated with loneliness and individual attachment and play a partial mediating effect between loneliness and attachment in college students.

Objective:To observe the effect of Xinfeng Capsule (XFC) on synovial membrane PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,methotrexate group,tripterygium glycoside group and XFC group.The expressions of IL-6,IL-10,HIF-1α and VEGF-A were detected by immunohistochemical method,and the expressions of PI3K,AKT1 and p-AKT1 were detected by immunoblotting.Results:Expression of AKT1,mTOR and ES proteins in synovial blood vessels.The expression of IL-6,VEGF,HIF-1α and synovial membrane PI3K,AKT1,p-AKT1,mTOR,ES in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group The expression of PI3K,p-AKT1,mTOR,ES in synovial membrane decreased,and IL-10 in serum increased in XFC group,and the expression of HIF-1α,IL-6 and VEGF-A were decreased.Conclusion:XFC can improve angiogenesis in AA synovium by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,HIF-1α and ES expression.

Objective To determine the feasibility and management of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)for acute cholecystitis. Methods The clinical data of 106 patients with acute cholecystitis underwent LC were reviewed retrospectively. Results Six cases were converted into laparotomy and LC were successfully performed in other 100 cases. No complications occurred in this series. Conclusions LC is feasible for acute cholecystitis;the skill and experience of the operator is the key to the success of the operation.

Objective To discuss the effects of Deming cycle on reducing adverse drug reactions (ADR) induced by injections of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods The TCM injections which induced much more ADRs in 2013 were selected. The usage of these TCM injections and characteristics of the ADRs were analyzed. Strategies for controlling ADRs were developed according to Deming cycle and put into the recycle implementation in 2014. Results The ADRs induced by TCM injections were all reduced; the number of total cases was reduced by 41.3% compared to 2013, among which Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate injection,Xinmailong injection, Mylabris injection,Shenqi Fuzheng injection andShengmai injection were reduced significantly, and their reduction rates were all more than 50%. The clinical manifestations of ADRs, including rash, itching, chills, fever, phlebitis, chest distress and palpitation, were all reduced in 2014 compared to 2013, among which especially the allergic reactions, including phlebitis, rash and itching, were reduced by 14.9% and 13.4%.Conclusion Application of Deming cycle in the practice of TCM injections for clinical rational medication can effectively reduce the occurrence of ADRs and better ensure the safety of clinical use of TCM injections.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and outcomes of percutaneous cholecystostomy(PC) under type-B ultrasonic guide as an alternative treatment option for critically ill patients of acute cholecystitis.Methods The clinical data of 53 high-risk patients of acute cholecystitis were retrospectively analyzed,who received PC from January 1999 to August 2005.Results All cases were successfully punctured and intubated,and 4 received reoperation because of blocked tube or fall-off.Fifty-two(97.3%) gained bile drainage effectively.No complications occurred due to the procedures in the cholecystostomy and intubation.One patient required emergency cholecystectomy on day 1 after the procedures because of deteriorating conditions.Forty-one accepted selective cholecystectomy in 2 weeks to 3 months after cholecystostomy.The follow-up period was 6 months to 3 years.Conclusion PC is an effective,convenient and safe method in managing acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients,with high achievement ratio and less complications.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of moxa smoke versus tobaccosmoke on autonomous behaviors and hippocampal expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in apolipoprotein E gene knockout (ApoE-/-) mice.Method Thirteen 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice constituted a blank control group. Twenty-seven ApoE-/-mice of the same age were randomized into ApoE-/-model, moxa smoke and tobacco smoke groups. The tobacco smoke and moxa smoke groups of mice were exposed to smoke 5-15 mg/m3circumstances. Every group of mice was intervened in 20 min. daily, six days a week, for atotal of 12 weeks. A behavioral test was conducted in week 13. The animals were then sacrificed to take the materials. Hippocampal GFAP in the brain was measured by an immunohistochemical method.ResultAutonomous activities were significantly more in theblank group than in the model group (P<0.05) and significantly fewer in the tobacco smoke group than in the blank group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in autonomous activities between the tobacco smoke group and the model or moxa smoke group (P>0.05). Moving distance was longer in the moxa smoke group than in the model group (P<0.05). Standing-up number was smaller in the moxa smoke group than in the blank group (P<0.05). Integral optical density of GFAP immune reaction products in the hippocampus was significantlyhigher in the model group of mice than in the blank and moxa smoke groups (P<0.05). Hippocampal GFAP expression was significantly higher in the group of mice than in the moxa smoke and blank groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Moxa smoke can increase the excitability of central nervous system in mice and reduce hippocampal GFAP expression in a mice model of Alzheimer disease.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α on the intestinal mucosal permeability in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis mice.Methods Eighteen C57BL/6J mice were evenly divided into healthy control group,model group and anti-TNF-α treated group.The mice of model group and anti-TNF-α treated group were fed with 5％DSS solution for 7 days.The mice of anti-TNF-α treated group were injected anti-TNF-α (5 mg/kg)intraperitoneally on the first and fourth day; control group and model group were substituted with equal volume saline injection.The mice were sacrificed at 7 days after modeling.The disease activity index (DAI) score was evaluated everyday.The intestinal permeability was examined by Evan′s blue (EB) method and FITC-dextran (FITC-D) method.The colon tissue was collected for observation under microscope and histological index (HI).The small intestinal tissues were examined under electron microscope.The 10％ homogenate of colon and intestinal mucosa was prepared,the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO),the content of TNF-α and epithelial myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) concentration were determined with kits respectively.The expression of MLCK in intestinal mucosa was tested by Western blot assay.Single factor of variance between groups were analyzed.Results Compared with control group,the DAI of model group increased daily.Compared with model group,the DAI of anti-TNF-α treated group improved.In model group,mice intestinal epithelial cells junctional complex shortened and widened and the cell gap expanded.In anti-TNF-α treated group,the connection structure of mice intestinal epithelial cells was tighter.The activity of HI and MPO and the content of TNF-α of model group were higher than those of control group (P ＝ 0.008,0.006 and 0.001,respectively),all of those of anti-TNF-α treated group were lower than those of model group (P=0.004,0.008 and 0.005,respectively).The F value of three groups was 131.98,218.28 and 58.93,respectively.The contents of EB in mice intestinal wall and serum FITC-D of model group were higher than those of control group (P=0.003 and 0.010),and those of anti-TNF-α treated group were lower model group (P＝0.001 and 0.009).The F value of three groups was 69.36 and 17.96.The MLCK concentration in mice intestinal mucosa of model group [(71.10± 7.52) ng/g] was higher than that of control group [(18.56±9.92) ng/g,P＜0.01],that of anti-TNF-α treated group [(37.56±15.84) ng/g] was lower than model group (P=0.008),and the difference among these three groups was statistically significant (F＝ 17.23).The Western blot results indicated the expression of MLCK in intestinal mucosa of model group was higher than that of control group,and that of anti-TNF-α treated group was lower than model group.Conclusions Anti-TNF-α play an important role in improving colitis,and the intestinal mucosal permeability.The mechanism may be related with the regulation of MLCK expression.

The sfa1 gene encoded a bifunctional enzyme with the activities of both alcohol dehydrogenase and glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.The gene disruption cassette produced by PCR using the same long oligonucleotides which comprise 19 or 22 nucleotides complementary to sequences in the templates(pUG6 and pUG66 marker plasmid)at 3' end and 45 nucleotides at 5' end that annealed to sites upstream or downstream of the genomic target sequence to be deleted.After two linear disruption cassettes with a Cre/loxP mediated marker were transformed into the cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae YS-1,the positive transformants were checked by PCR to correct the integration of the cassette and concurrent deletion of the chromosomal target sequence.Once correctly integrated into the genome,the select marker can be efficiently rescued by transformating the plasmid pSH47 into YS-1 and inducing the Cre expression with a Cre/loxP-mediated marker removal procedure.The expression of the Cre recombinase finally resulted in the removal of the marker gene,leaving behind a single loxP site at the chromosomal locus.The diploid mutant YS-1-sfa1 was generated,which could enhance the output of ethanol with 8.0% by shaking culture in flask compared with the original strain YS-1.

Objective To investigate the imaging findings of giant cell glioblastoma(GCG).Methods Imaging findings of 8 cases with pathology-confirmed GCG were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with pathologic findings.Results All of the 8 cases were located in the cerebral hemisphere.On CT images, 1 lesion case was shown appeared as mixed density,4 lesions were shown as cystic and solid mass.Mural nodule were slightly hyperdense.On MRI images, all of 4 cases lesions were hypointensity on T1WI, mixed signal intensity or hyperintensity on T2WI and FLAIR, low signal intensity on DWI.The lesion showed nonuniform enhancement,with enhanced mural nodules and cyst walls,and mildmoderate or no peritumoral edema.Microscopically, the cells were arranged in perivascular pseudorosettes to form palisades.Cellular pleomorphism was a typical feature, including monstrous and multinucleated giant cells.Mitotic figures were usually numerous.Reticulin was abundant in the stroma.Immunohistochemistry showed staining for S-100, Vim, p53, GFAP.The proliferation rate determined by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was 30%.Conclusion GCG has certain imaging characteristics,CT and MRI are effective in detecting the disease.

Objective To evaluate the effect of discussion-based teaching pattern in clinical noviciate of general surgery. Methods Two hundred and ten students majoring in clinical medicine were randomly divided into the trial group and the control group during clinical noviciate of general surgery.There were 105 students in each group. The discussion-based teaching pattern and traditional teaching pattern were performed in the trial and control groups,respectively. After the clinical novici-ate of general surgery was completed,the teaching effects of both groups were evaluated by the exam-ination performance analyses and the questionnaire-based survey. Student's t-test andχ22 test were used in statistical analysis. Reults The rate of satisfaction with the teaching pattern was 88.6%in the trial group and 70.5%in control group(P<0.05). The mean scores in the trial group and control group were 80.3±9.2 and 74.5±11.3,respectively (P<0.05). The pass rate of examination in the trial group and control group were 97.1% and 88.6%,respectively (P<0.05). The excellence rate in the examination was 24.8%in the trial group and 12.4%in control group (P<0.05). The overwhelming majority of stu-dents in the trial group thought that the discussion-based teaching pattern had more advantages in im-proving students' learning initiative and enthusiasm,ability to analyze and solve problems,etc.,acord-ing to the questionnaire-based survey. Conclusions Discussion-based teaching is an effective teach-ing pattern and superior to the traditional teaching pattern.