AlM: To compare the impact of different thickness of corneal cap design on small incision lenticule extraction ( SMlLE) operation.METHODS: Forty-six cases of myopia patients ( 92 eyes) intends to SMlLE operation in our hospital were collected , and were randomly divided into 2 groups:corneal cap thickness design for 110μm in group A and 120μm in group B. Other operation parameters designs were consistent. All patients were surgeried by the same surgeon. The incidence of opaque bubble layer ( OBL ) , the ratio of difficult separation of lens, uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) of each time points, and spherical equivalent ( SE) were compared.RESULTS: lntraoperative OBL incidence rate of 110μm group was higher than that of 120μm group with significant difference between the two group (P<0. 05). the ratio of difficult separation of lens was significantly different between the two groups: 110μm group was higher than in 120μm group (P<0. 05). The UCVA in the 120μm group was better than that in the 110μm group at postoperative 1 and 7d. But with the passage of time, postoperative 1, 3, and 6mo of UCVA of 2 groups was similar, showed no significant difference (P>0. 05). SE were compared at 7d and 6mo after operation, showed no significant difference (P>0. 05)CONCLUSlON: Compared with 120μm group, corneal cap design SMlLE operation in 110μm group are more prone to OBL and difficult separation of lens, thus affects UCVA and postoperative recovery rate. There is no significant difference in long-term UCVA.

Totally 96 elderly patients with spleen-kidney Yang deficiency type hypertension were selected in this study. Patients were randomly divided into study and control group. It was treated with the Jingui Shenqi pill combined nifedipine sustained-release tablets in the study group and only nifedipine sustained-release tablets for the control group. Meanwhile, the clinical features including reducing blood pressure, blood lipid and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of the two groups were observed pre and post treatment. Finally, the results showed that it could significantly reduce the hypertensive, hyperlipidemia and TCM syndromes in the study group compared with the control group (P < 0.05), which indicated that the combination of the Jingui Shenqi pill with nifedipine sustained-release tablets was effective for the patients with hypertension with spleen-kidney Yang deficiency type, especially for decreasing TCM syndromes and the blood lipid.
Aged ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nifedipine ; administration & dosage ; Splenic Diseases ; drug therapy ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy

Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed in the streptozotocin- and high fat-induced diabetic rats and normal rats.The results of RT-PCR and Western blot showed that the expression of 11?- hydroxysleroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11?-HSD1) was higher in the diabetic rats than that in control and was correlated with fasting plasma glucose,insulin and AUC-I/G with respective correlation coefficient (r) of 0.870, - 0.799,- 0.850,suggesting that increased expression of 11?-HSD1 appears to damage?-cell function through magnifying the local effect of glucocorticoids.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of kneepad on expression of Bcl-2 and p53 mRNA of chondrocyte in white rabbits with knee osteoarthritis, so as to explore and treatment mechanism of OA kneepad on apoptosis of chondrocytes of rabbits with knee osteoarthritis in molecular degree.

METHODSForty-four Japanese healthy 6-month-old rabbits (equal male and female,the weight ranging from 2 to 2.2 kg) were used to establish knee osteoarthritis models by modified Hulth method. The rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal group, model group, control group (microwave), experimental group 1 (electricity), experimental group 2 (thermal), experimental group 3 (kneepad). Ten rabbits in the normal group were breed with conventional method; 9 rabbits in the model group were breed with conventional method after model made; 9 rabbits in the control group were treated with microwave for 30 minutes, one time daily; 9 rabbits in the experimental group 1 were treated with electricity (density wave) for 30 minutes,one time daily;8 rabbits in the experimental group 2 were treated with hot (hot soft membrane) for 30 minutes, one time daily; 9 rabbits in the experiment group 3 were treated with electrothermal (OA knee pad) for 30 minutes, one time daily. All the rabbits were treated for 16 weeks and then sacrificed. The expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 mRNA of chondrocytes in knee joint were detected by using fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method.

RESULTSAt the 16 hthek,th e OD260/OD280 value range of total RNA extracted from rabbit articular cartilage tissue in each group were all at 1.80 to 2.00,wh ich indicates high RNA purity. The p53 relative mRNA in articular cartilage cells of model group,th e control group,th e experimental group 1 ,r oup 2,gr oup 3 were overexpressed,an d Belc2 mRNA expression levels of articular cartilage cells were low expression,an d compared with the normal group there were significant differences (P < 0.01). Belc2, p53 mRNA expression in articular cartilage cells,th ere were significant differences (P < 0.01) between the control group, experimental group 1, group 2, group 3 and model group. The results between the control group, experimental group 1 ,group 2 and group 3 had significant differences (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOA-kneepad can up-regulate the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 as well as down-regulate the mRNA expression of p53, thereby to inhibit the apoptosis of cartilage cells and delay the degeneration of articular cartilage changes.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Knee Joint ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Protective Devices ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the safety, effectiveness and feasibility of suprapubis-assisted umbilical laparoendoscopic mini-dual-site surgery (SAU-LEMDS) in the treatment of varicocele.

METHODSThis study included 80 varicocele patients aged 24 - 44 (mean 28.5 +/- 2.6) years, 25 cases of grade I, 45 cases of grade II and 10 cases of grade III, 58 cases in the left side, 6 in the right and 16 in both sides, and all with asthenospermia. The patients were treated by SAU-LEMDS under subarachnoid anesthesia combined with general anesthesia in a supine position with a head-down-feet-up slope of 15 degrees. Two 5 mm trocars were inserted bilaterally at the umbilical edge, one with a 5 mm 30 degrees laparoscope placed in it, and another into the abdominal cavity below the pubic hairline with a 5 mm laparoendoscopic clipper placed in it. The operation procedure was similar to that of standard laparoscopic ligation of spermatic veins, with reservation of the spermatic artery and double-ligation of spermatic veins. And the procedure was repeated for the contralateral lesion in the bilateral cases. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for the incidences of orchiatrophy and testicular hydrocele and changes of seminal parameters.

RESULTSAll the operations were successful, with the mean operation time of (10 +/- 5.0) min (range 8 to 25 min) for the unilateral cases and (18 +/- 6.5) min (range 15 to 30 min) for the bilateral cases, the mean blood loss of (1.5 +/- 0.5) ml (range 1 to 2 ml), and the mean postoperative hospital stay of (2 +/- 0.5) d (range 1.5 to 3 d). The patients were followed up for 6 -24 (12 +/- 2.5) months, which showed significant improvement in sperm motility as compared with the baseline ([28.53 +/- 5.21] vs [19.62 +/- 3.56]%, P < 0.05), with 28 cases (35.0%) restored to normal. Recurrence was found in 4 cases (5.0%). Testicular hydrocele occurred in 7 cases (8.75%), but orchiatrophy in none. The scars in the umbilicus and suprapubis were invisible because of the wrinkles and pubic hair.

CONCLUSIONSAU-LEMDS is safe, effective and feasible for the treatment of varicocele. It is superior to umbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (U-LESS) for its less invasiveness, simpler operation, and better cosmetic appearance.

Adult ; Asthenozoospermia ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Length of Stay ; Ligation ; methods ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Spermatic Cord ; blood supply ; Testicular Hydrocele ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Umbilicus ; Varicocele ; surgery ; Veins

Objective To explore effects of seasonal variation on blood lead in children.Methods Anodic stripping voltammetry(ASV) was used to detect blood lead level in children.The enrolled children were divided into 4 groups as follows:young children(ages 1 month to 3 years);preschool(ages 3 to 6 years);school(ages 6 to 12 years);teenagers(ages 12 to 18 years),and children′s blood lead level and lead poisoning rates were analyzed in the light of seasonality.Results Total 13 233 children were observed,aged from 1 month to 18 years old,8315 males,4918 females.The average blood lead levels were 60 ?g/L,the 5~(th) and 95~(th) percentage was 19,138 ?g/L.The rate of lead poisoning in children was 14.8%,with the majority of low-grade(?~2=116.3125 P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate breast reconstruction with a combined skin flap of the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) and the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM).

METHODSThe DIEP and TRAM united flap was elevated with the vessel pedicle of the deep inferior epigastric perforator on the affected side and the rectus abdominis muscle pedicle on the intact side. The reconstructive breast was shaped after the deep inferior epigastric vessels were anastomosed to the internal mammary vessels or the thoracodorsal vessels ipsilaterally.

RESULTSWe have used the DIEP and TRAM united flaps for breast reconstruction in 17 cases. All of the flaps survived, and the reconstructed breasts were well-shaped with the follow-up of 6-18 months.

CONCLUSIONSThe DIEP and TRAM united flap possesses of advantages such as rich blood supply, abundant tissue volume and easy shaping. It is especially applicable to the cases who have large chest defect and need large volume tissue.

Adult ; Epigastric Arteries ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Rectus Abdominis ; transplantation ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect and security of CT guided unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) in senile patients.

METHODSFrom April 2009 to June 2010, 26 patients undergoing CT guided unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty were analyzed retrospectively. There were 9 males and 17 females,ranging in age from 60 to 85 years with an average of (67.50+/-6.76) years, ranging in course of disease from 2 to 30 days with an average of (8.92+/-4.36) d. The affected segments involved 35 vertebras. The major clinical manifestations of OVCF were lumbar-back pain (especially when turning over or stooping down) and unable to bear. The needle was punctured into vertebral of lesions through unilateral puncture under the CT guidance; and then 3-5 ml bone cement was injected into vertebral. Antibiotic was used 3 days to prevent postoperative infections. Postoperative complications were observed after operation, such as local leakage of bone cement, penetrating spinal cord and/or segmental spinal nerve injuries and pulmonary embolism. X-ray was used to measure the height of anterior, middle and exterior of vertebral before and after treatment. A visual analog scale (VAS) scoring was applied to evaluate pain score preoperative, 48 hours postoperative and the terminal follow-up.

RESULTSTwenty-six patients achieved success in punctuation without serious complications. Local leakage of bone cement occurred in 6 cases, but without clinical symptoms or signs. One patient suffered from acute intraoperative reactions to bone cement and relieved by 5 mg dexamethasone and oxygen. All patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months [averaged (8.4+/-1.6) months]. The postoperative vertebrae height was higher than preoperative,but there was no statistical difference between postoperative and preoperative (P>0.05). Preoperative VAS scores was 7.63+/-0.92, postoperative score was 3.00+/-1.09, the final follow-up score was 2.38+/-1.17; there was significant difference between preoperative and postoperative at 48 hours (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference between final follow-up and postoperative at 48 hours (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONUnilateral PVP under CT guided can increase the vertebral strength and stabilize vertebral body,and the procedure is a safe and effective method for OVCF in elderly patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Vertebroplasty ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of potassium and calcium supplementation in table salt on reduction of arterial blood pressure and sodium metabolism in adolescents with higher blood pressure.

METHODSA single blind placebo-controlled trial was carried out for two years in 220 adolescents with higher blood pressure, aged 18 - 22 years, who were randomly divided into supplementary group (n = 110) and control group (n = 110). Each of the subjects in the supplementary group and their family members was given 10 mmol of potassium and 10 mmol of calcium mixed in their table salt daily for 24 months.

RESULTSNight urinary sodium and potassium excretion increased (urinary Na(+), P < 0.05; urinary K(+), P < 0.01) and blood pressure lowered by 5.3 mm Hg/1.8 mm Hg in average from the baseline in the supplementary group two years after potassium and calcium supplementation, as compared with that in the control group increased by (1.3/1.7) mm Hg.

CONCLUSIONSAdequate supplement of potassium and calcium in daily table salt intake was an effective way to prevent form hypertension and could promote their urinary sodium excretion and reduction of arterial blood pressure in adolescents with higher blood pressure.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Calcium, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diet therapy ; prevention & control ; Male ; Natriuresis ; Potassium, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Single-Blind Method ; Sodium ; metabolism ; Sodium, Dietary ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo observe the microscopic characteristic of the dentinal surface and cross section after using dental desensitizer, and evaluate the effect of the dental desensitizer on the shear strength of resin cements.

METHODSTo use the dental desensitizer (Gluma, Single Bond 2, BisBlock) individually on the prepared human bicuspid teeth which were extracted for orthopaedics. The microscopic characteristic of the dentinal surface and cross section were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The adhered posts to the teeth pretreated with desensitizer were bonded with resin cements. The shear strength was measured and data was analyzed by SPSS 13.0 statistics software.

RESULTSThe orifices of dentinal tubule were mostly occluded in Gluma samples and partly occluded in BisBlock samples. Resin layer was observed in Single Bond 2 samples. BisBlock group gathered the best shear strength, the shear strength value was (13.04+/-2.76) MPa. Marked statistic difference were found when compared with control group.

CONCLUSIONGluma, Single Bond 2 and BisBlock can block the orifices of dentinal tubule. BisBlock enhanced the bonding strength of the resin cements.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Glutaral ; Humans ; Polymethacrylic Acids ; Resin Cements ; Shear Strength