Animals ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Humans ; Protein Transport ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Synapses ; physiology

Animals ; Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Mental Disorders ; Nervous System Diseases ; Research Design ; trends

NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors are a subtype of glutamate receptor, and play an important role in both synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. When excessively excited, NMDA receptors can cause cell death in many neuropathological scenarios such as OGD (oxygen and glucose deprivation) and brain injury. However, recent studies have revealed that under the physical and some pathological conditions, NMDA receptor could promote neuronal survival and protect neurons from damage.
Neurons ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism ; physiology ; Synaptic Transmission

The study was purposed to analyze the frequency and distribution of irregular antibodies in Shaoguan area. Screening 15 033 random donor antibodies in Shaoguan area by screening cells, polybrene and antiglobulin tests. The results indicated that the irregular antibodies were found in 42 samples. The frequency of irregular antibodies in female was higher than that in male (P < 0.001), and Rh blood group antibodies such as anti-D, anti-E, and anti-Ec C were common (47.6%). 2 samples of Le antibodies were failed to be found by polybrene test. 2 samples of irregular antibodies with titer 2 were undiscovered by screening test of 10 pooled samples. In conclusion, because of irregular antibodies resulting in hemolytic transfusion reaction, the investigation of frequency and distribution of irregular antibodies is very important for safe transfusion. Antibody screening must be done for female donors, and especially for massive plasma transfusion of patients with severe and dangerous illness and infants so as to ensure safety.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Donors ; China ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; blood ; immunology ; Rho(D) Immune Globulin

OBJECTIVETo establish the steriod-induced osteoporosis model with the type of Kidney-Yin deficiency.

METHODSTotally 45 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group and Liuwei Dihuang pills(Chinese character: see text)group. The model was established by intramuscular injecting of Dexamethasone. Liuwei Dihuang pills (Chinese character: see text) group was administered orally with Liuwei Dihuang pills (Chinese character: see text). The signs and symptoms of mice were observed dynamically. All the animals were sacrificed at the end of the 6th weeks. The level of ACTH, cAMP, cGMP, TSH and E2 in serum were detected to evaluate deficiency of Kidney-Yin. Morphological changes and bone density were observed to evaluate osteoporosis.

RESULTS(1) Compared with control group, mice in model group appeared obvious Kidney-Yin deficiency symptoms, including hair dry, restlessness, excitability, hard stool, and yellow. (2) Compared with control group,the weight of mice in model group gained slower (P<0.01); the index of adrenal gland,liver and spleen decreased (P<0.01, P<0.01 ,P<0.01); the level of ACTH and TSH increased (P<0.01 ,P<0.01), the level of E2 decreased (P<0.01) and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP increased (P< 0.05). (3)Compared with control group,the bone density of lumbar vertebra and femur in model group were significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05); HE staining revealed osteoporosis in model group mice. (4)However, the Liuwei Dihuang pills (Chinese character: see text) group can partly antagonize the inhibition of the HPA axis, alter the disordered sex hormone and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP, and reverse the osteoporosis partly.

CONCLUSIONthe model of osteoporosis with type of Kidney-Yin deficiency could be established by Dexamethasone intramuscular injection. With less interference, it wight be a stable and reliable modeling method for integration of disease and syndrome in TCM.

Animals ; Bone Density ; Dexamethasone ; toxicity ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Kidney Diseases ; etiology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mice ; Osteoporosis ; chemically induced ; Yin Deficiency ; complications

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of emodin combined gemcitabine on the growth of pancreatic cancer in vivo and in vitro as well as its mechanisms.

METHODSAfter human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 was treated with emodin (40 micromol/L), gemcitabine (20 micromol/L), and emodin combined gemcitabine, the cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells was detected using the flow cytometry (FCM). The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected using Western blot. SW1990 cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish pancreatic xenograft tumors. The mice were then treated by emodin, gemcitabine, and emodin combined gemcitabine, respectively. The changes of tumor volume were monitored. The positive expressions of Ki-67, Bax, and Bcl-2 in the xenograft tumors were detected using immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSEmodin combined with gemcitabine induced a higher percentage of growth inhibition and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 than that of gemcitabine or emodin alone (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Bax was up-regulated and that of Bcl-2 down-regulated in the emodin group and the emodin combined gemcitabine group when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Emodin combined with gemcitabine could significantly inhibit the growth of pancreatic xenograft tumors, increase the positive expression of Bax in tumor tissues, obviously decrease the positive expressions of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). The optimal effects were obtained in the emodin combined gemcitabine group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEmodin could potentiate the inhibition of pancreatic cancer growth induced by gemcitabine both in vitro and in vivo, which might be achieved by up-regulating the expression of Bax and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Deoxycytidine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To structure the model of acute carbon monoxid poisoning(ACOP)in rats. Evaluate the effectiveness of the poisoning on the pulmonary function and the significance of carbon monoxide hemoglobin(HbCO)and oxygenation index in diagnosis of acute lung injury(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Method Eighty healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups.According to the concentration of CO,poisoning group was randomized into three groups(each group=20),group A,group B,group C.After poisoned,arterial blood was collected rapidly for arterial blood gas analysis.According to the pathological changes,the models were divided into ALI/ARDS group and non-ALI/ARDS group.Results Compared with control group,the incident rate of ALI/ARDS in group B(25%)and group C(55%)were significantly higher(P

Objective To observe the early outcome and crisis onset after surgical treatment on myasthenia gravis with thymoma and analyze the relevant factors.Methods 436 patients with myasthenia gravis were treated surgically between January 1999 and Jan- uary 2005,58 patients with thymoma.The severity of MG disease was classified according to modified Osserman classification:type Ⅰ(n=17),type Ⅱ a(n=23),type Ⅱ b(n=12)and type Ⅲ(n=6).The distribution of thymomas by the Masaoka clinical stage showed 30 in stage Ⅰ,18 in stage Ⅱ,7 in stage Ⅲ and 3 in stage Ⅳ.The early outcome and crisis onset after surgical treat- ment were analyzed by statistical methods.Results After operation,symptoms improved in 16 eases(27.59%),no change in 18 eases(31.03%),deterioration in 11 cases(18.97%)and crisis onset or death in 13 cases.Logistic test showed that the possibility of crisis onset in patients with thymoma is 1.286 times higher than patients without thymoma.Patients with thymoma,type Ⅱ or above are in high risk group of crisis.The incidence rate of crsis in type Ⅱ group or above was significantly higher than type Ⅰ(P=0.048 0.05).Conclusion The risk of crsis onset after operation significantly raises in myasthenia gravis patients with thymoma.The staging of the disease are associated to development of crisis and crisis onset is independents to patho-staging of thymoma.

Objective To explore the relationship between the endemic arsenism and the liver,renal damage.Methods Some permanent residents were selected as investigated subjects who lived at 3 villages in Datong in Shanxi Province,an arseniasis-endemic areas,These objects were divided into arsenic poisoning and control group on the basis of Diagnosis Standard for Endemic Arsenism(WS/T 211-2001).Then blood and urine samples were collected in the surveyed people.Serum glutamate pyruvic transaminase(ALT)were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as the indicator of the impaired hepatic function.The microdosis albumen (mAlb)and acetylglucosaminidase(NAG)in urine were detected by end-point method and alkaline picric acid as the renal damage indicators.Results A total of 661 people investigated,of which 144 cases were arsenic poisoning patients.The rates of abnormal liver function were significant hisher in arsenic poisoning group[10.42% (15/144)]than that in control[5.22%(27/517)],and both wag significant[X2=5.107,P＜0.05;OR=2.11,95%CI (1.09-4.08)].The geometric mean of mAlb/Ucr was 2.16 mg/g Cr in control,and 2.31 mg/g Cr in arsenic poisoning group,and both was not significant(t=-1.71,P＞0.05).The geometric mean of NAG waft higher in arsenic poisoning group(2.43 U/g Cr)than that in the control(2.22 U/g Cr),and both was significant(t=-3.55, P＜0.05).Conclusions The damage of the liver and renal function were related with endemic arsenism,and NAG is the early indicators suggesting impaired renal function due to endemic arsenism.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 in Wushan and Fengjie counties of Chongqing and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.MethodsTwenty townships(towns) in Fengjie county and 18 in Wushan county were selected as survey points by random cluster sampling in 2010.Dental fluorosis of all the children aged 8 - 12 was examined with Dean index.The detection rate of children's dental fluorosis,defect rate and dental fluorosis index were compared between the two counties.Results Totally 38 209 children aged 8 - 12 were investigated.The total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 43.09％( 16 466/38 209) in the two counties.The detection rates of dental fluorosis in Wushan and Fengjie were 48.98％ (9397/19 186)and 37.16％(7069/19 023),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(x2 =544.03,P ＜ 0.01 ).Total detection rates of dental fluorosis of the five age groups(8,9,10,11,and 12-year-old age groups) were 32.52％(2157/6632),40.07％(2672/6668),43.67％(3420/7831 ),46.01％ (3861/8391) and 50.14％ (4356/8687),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =510.50,P ＜ 0.01),Dental fluorosis indexes in Wushan and Fengjie were 0.713 and 0.485,respectively.Defect rates of dental fluorosis in Wushan and Fengjie were 4.05％ (777/19 186) and 1.57％(298/19 023),respectively.Conclusions The total detection rate of dental fluorosis of the two counties is still high,which gradually increases with age.Wushan is still an endemic area of dental fluorosis,and Fengjie is at the edge of the