Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy are two kinds of important treatment modalities of breast cancer with hormone receptor-positive. Adjuvant chemotherapy whether can be proposed to the individual patient or not according to tumor burden factors, multi-gene prognostic signatures detection and molecular subtype classification for breast cancer. There are four different endocrine strategies, and each of them has its own advantage over others and cannot be replaced by others. Individualized therapy should be performed to Luminal A and Luminal B breast cancers.

Objective To investigate the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERKs) pathway of hepatitis B virus(HBV) X protein(HBx) on glomerular mesangial cell(GMC) proliferation of rat and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-? expression.Methods The HBV X gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector PCI-neo and confirmed by restrict endonuclease digestion and sequence analysis.PCI-neo contained HBV X gene (PCI-neo-X) was transfected into cultured GMC via liposome.GMC proliferation,TNF-? and its mRNA expression were investigated in the condition of with or without U0126 in the culture media.HBx,ERK1/2 and phosphorynated-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) expression in GMC were assessed by Western blot.TNF-? mRNA expression was assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR).TNF-? level in supernatants was measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).GMC proliferation was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT).Results HBx expression was found in transfected GMC,and became prominent at 36 and 48 hours after transfection whether with or without U0126 in culture media.TNF-? mRNA expression was significantly decreased in U0126 group compared with U0126-free group.TNF-? levels in supernatants in PCI-neo-X transfection without U0126 group were (189.0?18.1) ng/L at 36 hours and (172.3?24.3) ng/L at 48 hours after transfection,respectively.In contrast,TNF-? levels in supernatants with U0126 were (65.6?11.6) ng/L and (84.0?24.6) ng/L,respectively.The TNF-? le-vels in the latter groups were significantly lower than the formers (Pa

The genetic analysis of herpesviruses has been a constant challenge, due to the large, complex genomes of herpesviruses and mutagenesis of viral genes by conventional recombination methods in cell culture. Recently, a completely new approach for full-length infectious clones of herpesviruses based on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) has been developed. This technique allows the maintenance, propagation and genetic modification of the viral genome as a BAC plasmid in E.coli, thus making the procedures fast, safe and effective in prokaryotic cells. This technique also makes it possible for the reconstitution of viral progeny or mutants by transfection of the BAC plasmid into eukaryotic cells, thereby facilitating the analysis of viral gene functions in the context of genome. In this presentation, Epstein-Barr virus was used as an example to describe the principle, establishment of the technique and mutation introduction into the BAC plasmid, and to discuss the perspective in the use of BAC-cloned herpesviruses.

AIM:To observe the clinical effect of femtosecond laser assisted penetrating keratoplasty.
METHODS: Twenty-four cases ( 24 eyes ) with corneal lesions were performed with femtosecond laser assisted penetrating keratoplasty. Preoperative and postoperative endothelial cell density and visual quality were compared.RESULTS: One week after operation, corneal grafts were clear in 21 eyes (87. 5%), mild cloudy in 3 eyes (12.5%);visual acuity ≥0. 5 in 18 eyes (75. 0%), 0. 2 ~0.4 in 6 eyes ( 25. 0%). After 3mo the mean corneal astigmatism was 2. 16±0. 21D ( range 2. 25 ~ 3. 09D). Compared to conventional penetrating keratoplasty which mean corneal astigmatism was average 3. 67±0. 38D after operation, there was significant difference between two groups ( P< 0. 05 ). There were significant differences between preoperative and postoperative visual acuity and astigmatism (both P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser assisted penetrating corneal transplantation operation can improve patient's visual quality. And compared to traditional penetrating keratoplasty astigmatism decreased significantly, incision can be made in individual shape more precisely and neatly.

In order to improve the scientific research capability of medical graduates,help them cultivate scientific statistical mind and the ability to resolve actual medical scientific research issues,we made a teaching reform on the teaching objectives,curriculum system,teaching material and informational teaching of Medical Statistics teaching,established a diversified teaching pattern and improved the teaching quality.

220.6 ?mol/L in serums.Conclusions TORCH infection is common in infantile hepatitis in hospital.The infection rates caused by CMV are higher than those caused by HSV,TOX,RV and the rate caused by TOX is lower than others,and then the injury of liver caused by CMV is more severe than others.Neonates less than 7 days always have more organs injuried than the elders.

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C) and matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) in gastric carcinoma and their correlation with tumor invasion and(metastasis).Methods Streptavidin peroxidase immunohistochemistry technique(SP)was used to detect the(expression) of VEGF-C and MMP-7 in 60 gastric carcinoma specimens,60 specimens of gastric mucosa(adjacent) to carcinoma,and 30 regional lymph node specimens.Results The positive expression rate of VEGF-C,MMP-7 in gastric carcinoma was markedly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa and gastric mucosa adjacent to carcinoma.The positive expression rates of VEGF-C and MMP-7 in metastatic regional lymph nodes were significantly higher than that in non-metastatic regional lymph nodes(P

Objective To assess alternations in left ventricular volume and systolic synchrony in patients with frequent premature ventricular complexes(PVCs) from the right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT).Methods Twenty-nine patients with frequent isolated PVCs from RVOT were included and 30 healthy subjects as control.Instantaneous full-volume imaging(IFI) was performed to evaluate left ventricle volumetric parameters,including end-systolic volume (ESV),end-diastolic volume (EDV),stroke volume (SV),ejection fraction (EF),and systolic synchrony parameters,including systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI),dispersion end-systole (DISPES),mean end-systolic time (MES),pre-contraction time volume (PreContr) and post-contraction time volume (PostContr).Contraction front mapping was performed to visualize volumetric contraction sequence.All values of patients with PVCs were recorded during sinus beats (PVC-S) and premature ventricular beats (PVC-V) respectively.Results Significant differences were observed in left ventricular systolic volumetric and synchrony parameters between PVC-V and control subjects (P＜0.01),as well as in MES and PreContr between PVC-S and control subjects (P＜0.01).Conclusions Left ventricular systolic dysynchrony was demonstrated in patients with PVCs from RVOT.IFI was a novel tool to analyze left ventricular global and regional volumetric alternations.