Objective To review curative effect of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods 10 patients are off-pump CABG at normal body temperature.The rest 222 were done with CPB under general anesthesia,hypothermia.Before operation cardiopulmonary function Was adjusted.During operation the function of heart,brain and renal Was carefully protected.After operation blood slucose was controlled,inflammation was prevented and pulmonary physical therapy was given to all patients.Results 226 patients discharged recovery and free of angina pectoris completely.3 patients with CABG died of low cardiac output after operation.1 patient died of effects of protamine allergy.2 patients died of multiple organ failure.Follow-up has been done in 211 patients for 2 months to 3 years,all leading normal life and working.Conclusion Careful and standardized preoperative and pefioperative treatment is one of the factors of SUCCeSSful coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVETo systematically assess the efficacy and safety of Rhodiola in treating chronic stable angina pectoris.

METHODSOur group searched the Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), VIP database (VIP), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) for the literature published in English and Chinese till April 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included on the therapeutic effect of Rhodiola or Rhodiola plus conventional Western medicine in comparison with the conventional Western medicine treatment on stable angina. Data were extracted according the data extraction form. The literature methodological quality was assessed by using the Cochrane handbook, and data analyzed by Rev-Man 5.2 Software for Meta-analysis. The effect indicators of outcomes was expressed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI.

RESULTSA total of 7 randomized controlled trials, 662 cases of stable angina pectoris patients met the inclusion criteria and all published in Chinese, without one scientific design and high quality literature. Compared with the conventional Western medicine treatment, combined with oral administration of Rhodiola could improve the efficiency of anti-angina (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.02 - 6.09). Combined with intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could also improve the efficacy of angina pectoris (OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 2.4 - 9.82). Oral administration of Rhodiola couldn't improve ECG efficacy (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.67 - 2.34). Intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the clinical efficacy (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.61 - 5.35). Combined with the conventional treatment, intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the whole blood viscosity (low and high shear rates) and inverse variance (IV) (-1.36 and -0.99, 95% CI: -1.65 - 1.07 and -1.26 - 0.71), but could not reduce serum fibrinogen and D-dimer level. The incidence rate of adverse reactions was higher than that of the conventional treatment combined with Rhodiola (OR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.51).

CONCLUSIONSOn the basis of routine treatment, Rhodiola could further improve patients' symptoms. Combined with intravenous medication, Rhodiola could increase the ECG improvement rate, and reduce adverse reactions. But the methodological quality of included studies was poor, the number of samples was small, and influence factors such as the intervention period was short. This conclusion needs scientific and rational design in a larger sample, multicenter clinical trial to verify.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Cytokines ; blood ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Interleukin-5 ; blood ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Objective To analyze the imaging manifestations of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of skeletal muscle and improve the recognition of this rare disease.Methods Five cases of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of skeletal muscle proved pathologically underwent imaging exam,including MRI and CT in 3 cases,only MRI in 1 case,only CT in 1 case,X-ray in 2 cases and bone scintigraphy in 2 cases.Results Diffuse enlargements of involved muscle with presentation of overall configuration were observed in all five cases.All 4 cases manifested as homogeneous soft masses,which is isoattenuating to normal muscle on unenhanced CT images.After intravenous injection of contrast media,the masses enhanced homogeneously and slightly(2 cases)or moderately(1 case)on CT images.The lesions were homogenous and had isointense or slightly low signal intensity compared with that of uninvolved muscle on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.After intravenous injection of contrast media,all 2 cases enhanced homogeneously and moderately with the enhanced signal intensity of involved muscle greatly higher than that of uninvolved muscle on MR images.Two cases of X-ray plain showed no destruction of bone and 2 cases of bone scintigraphy exams showed increased radiotracer uptake of involved muscle with no infiltration of bone marrow.Conclusion There are several characteristics on the imaging of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of skeletal muscle.MRI is the optimal imaging method for the diagnosis of this disease.

Objective:To discuss the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of primary adrenal cortical carcinoma (PACC) and improve the imaging diagnostic level of primary adrenocortical carcinoma.Methods:The imaging features of 15 patients with biopsy or pathology confirmed PACC were retrospectively analiezed. There were 12 patients underwent CT examination, 7 patients underwent MR examination, and 4 patients underwent CT and MR exminations.Results:All of 15 PACCs were unilateral (10 on the right, 5 on the left). The maximum diameters of the lesions ranged from 4.4 to 15.1 (8.9±3.3)cm. The shape of the tumor was oval in 6 cases and irregular in 9 cases. CT findings: 1 cases showed homogeneous density and 11 cases were heterogeneous attenuation (including 2 cases with hemorrhage and 1 case with fat) on plain scan. The CT values of triple-phase of PACC ranged from 28.8 to 62.0(39.2±8.5)HU, 32.7 to 83.4(52.5±14.4)HU and 43.4 to 86.4(61.1±15.0)HU respectively. All cases showed mild (7 cases) and moderate (4 cases) gradual enhancement, only one case excluded. MRI findings: inhomogeneous mild and moderate enhancement were detected in 6 cases and homogeneneous enhancement was found in 1 case. The solid parts of PACC showed iso-signal intensity in T1WI, hyper-signal intensity in T2WI and diffusion limited in the diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). There were 14 cases of vascular shadow in 15 patients, and 3 cases of involvement and metastasis of surrounding tissues and organs.Conclusions:PACC often present as a big solitary heterogenous mass with necrotic area, hemorrhage and intratumoral vascular. The mild to moderate heterogenous gradual enhancement can be seen after the contrast.

In the field of artificial muscle(AM) research,it is very difficult for humans to make the biological muscles,but there are experiments trying to put the function of muscles into practice of technology.With the development of materials and models of mathematics theories,people have made the AM of different materials and models true,however,as far as the characteristics of them and the widely used are concerned,they need deeply scientific research.And,in the near future,AM will play an important role in medical equipments,rehabilitation medicine,bionics,intelligent robots,military weapons,aerospace,etc.The authors review the types,characteristics,application in rehabilitation,as well as the function evaluation of AM.

Objective To investigate the prediction function of preoperative B-type natriuretic peptide in patients to receive on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with postoperative complications. Methods One hundred and thirty-two patients , including 78 males and 54 females , received on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2013 to November 2014 and were enrolled in the study. The patients were (63 ± 11.35) years old ( range from 35 to 82 years). The level of BNP was determined before operation, after operation, and on day 1, 2, 3 and 7 post-operation. Relationships were analyzed between BNP and LVEF,ventilation time, length of stay in ICU, the need for inotropic agents or intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, and acute renal failure. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also performed to predict the role of BNP in postoperative complications. Result A negative correlation between preoperative BNP level and preoperative LVEF(r = -0.512,P < 0.05) was found. The preoperative BNP level was positively correlated with a series of adverse events. The preoperative BNP was used to predict incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation , the possibility of using IABP , renal failure , length of stay in ICU exceeding 48h or mortality at 28 days, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.780, 0.893, 0.818 and 0.820, respectively. Conclusion The preoperative BNP level is well correlated with the cardiac function before CABG , which may be a good predictor of postoperative complications after CABG.

Objective To evaluate the b value of diffusion-weighted(DW)MRI in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods Three diffusion-weighted sequences were implemented with 500,1000 and 2000 s/mm~2 b values respectively on 95 breast lesions in 83 patients.All lesions were confirmed by pathology.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values and signal intensity (SI)were recorded and compared in different lesions(breast cancer,benign lesion,cyst and normal beast tissue)with the same b value and the same lesions with the different b values.Results(1)The mean ADC value and SI of breast cancer were 1.375?0.378 and 839.713?360.493 respectively with b= 500 s/mm~2,1.176?0.311 and 459.314?229.609 with b=1000 s/mm~2,0.824?0.198 and 243.825? 110.616 with b=2000 s/mm~2.The differences in the mean ADC value were significant between two type lesions(cancer and benign lesion,cancer and cyst,cancer and normal breast tissue)with b values of 500 s/mm~2 and 1000 s/mm~2.But the significant differenee was only seen between cancer and benign lesions when b value was 2000 s/mm~2.(2)The one-side upper limits of 95% confidence interval of mean ADCs were adopted as the point to separate the malignant from the benign lesions,the sensitivity was 70.92%, 70.73% and 69.77%,the specificity was 77.19%,75.70% and 54.76%,the accuracy was 77.12%, 74.32% and 62.35% respectively with b values of 500 s/mm~2,1000 s/mm~2 and 2000 s/mm~2.The areas under ROC eurves were Az_(500)=0.775?0.046(P0.05).Conclusion DWI MRI is useful for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions with b values of 500 s/mm~2 and 1000 s/mm~2.

Course teaching for international students in many domestic universities is in English.Some practice and experience of the department of nuclear medicine in Tianjin medical university are introduced from the aspects of teaching course,concerning preparations before class,teaching process and teaching techniques,which will give references to nuclear medicine teaching for international students.

Objective To evaluate the value of quantitative 3T dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Methods One-hundred and eighteen patients suspected of breast lesions underwent MRI examination. A 3.0 T MR scanner was used to obtain the quantitative MR pharmacokinetic parameters: Ktrans( volume transfer constant), Kep (exchange rate constant) and Ve (extravascular extracellular volume fraction). The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant, benign and normal glandular tissues were calculated and compared each other using LSD method. Independent sample t test was used between invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included). Finally, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were compared. Results The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant lesions (n=87) were (1.010±0.580) min-1, (1.634 ± 1.481) min-1 and (0.735 ±0.273); the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of benign lesions (n=23) were (0.331±0.192) min - 1, (0.417±0.324) min - 1 and (0.847±0.291); and the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of normal glandular tissues (n =83) were (0.051 ±0.028) min-1, (0.133±0.125) min-1 and (0.597±0.354), respectively. There were significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Ktrans (t=9.681, 11.189, 5. 590, respectively, P ＜ 0. 01 ), normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Kep(t =5. 287, 3. 874, P＜0. 05). There were a statistic differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions in Ve(t =2. 932, 2. 562 ,P ＜0. 05). There were no significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions in Kep, benign and malignant lesions in Ve ( t = 0. 760, 0. 832, P ＞ 0.05 ),invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included) in Ktrans, Kep and Ve(t =0.834,0.075,0.454,P＞0.05). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were 0. 934, 0. 941 and 0. 659. The sensitivity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 77.01% ,91.95% ,56. 32% and the specificity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 95. 65%, 86. 96%, 78.26% for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions if taken the maximum Youden's index as cut-off. Conclusion The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions by Ktrans, Kep is applicable.