Objective To investigate the efficiency,decision of intra-operative puncture route,treatment of perioperative complications and discuss the other relative problems of the treament for lumbar disc herniation with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy.Methods To excise the nucleus pulpesus under percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,use the Macnab standard,visual analogue scale and infrared thermal imaging to estimate the efficiency.Results Among followed-up of 208 patients,182 patients were excellent and good outcome,23 patients favorable,2 patients fair,0 patient poor.The leg and back VAS was a significant improvement 1 week post-operation compared with pre-operation (P ＜ 0.05),but no statistical difference among 3 months,6 months,12 months and 1 week post-operation (P ＞ 0.05).The infrared thermal imaging point out that the legs skin temperature of D-value was a significant improvement post-operation compared with pre-operation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The method excised the nucleus pulpesus,and provided the spine maximum protection about the stability and flexibility.Intra-operative puncture route of individuation design can reduce the complications of intervertebral foramen perioperative,and the key to improve the effectiveness.

Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic ; blood ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

The teaching method of critical thinking was introduced in the course of medical physics for undergraduate students by means of case teaching,PBL teaching,Bio-Physics teaching and research-oriented teaching patterns.The teaching quality and both the abilities of critical thinking and innovation of the students were enhanced.

Objective To explore the plasma ghrelin levels in children and adolescents with short stature and the role of ghrelin in growth hormone-releasing hormone-growth hormone(GHRH-GH) axis.Methods One hundred and fifty-seven children(115 male,42 female) with short stature were selected.Fasting plasma sample was extracted from 10 mL vemous blood of the children with short stature.Insulin tolerance test and arginine stimulation test was performed initially to differential diagnosis.And blood samples was divided into 3 ca-tegories:37 cases of complete growth hormone deficiency (CGHD),52 cases of partial growth hormone deficiency(PGHD) and 68 cases of idiopathic short stature(ISS) during these two growth hormone(GH)provocative tests.Controls consisted of age and gender-match 20 health children.Plasma ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Serum GH was detected by chemiluminescence method,and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Fasting glucose,insulin,testosterone,estra-diol,luteinizing hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone were measured.Statistical analysis were conducted by using SPSS 11.5 software.Results The fasting ghrelin levels of CGHD group were significantly lower than that of ISS group and control group(Pa0.05).The ghrelin levels were positive correlated with the stimulated GH peak(r=0.176 P0.05).Conclusion Ghrelin has an important role on GH secretion and abnormal secretion of ghrelin might be a reason of growth hormone deficiency which due to hypothalamic abnormality.

Animals ; Rats ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Spinal Cord

The optimum medium for Lactobacillus M7 was systematically studied with SAS system. Firstly, the prime factors affecting lactic acid yield were selected by means of Plackett-Burman design; secondly, the pnme facias were optimized by response rurface analysis. Under the optimum level determined, the yield is increased by 15%.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of CTCA in predicting myocardial perfusion defects through comparative analysis between MPI defects and severity of coronary stenosis on CTCA.MethodsFour hundred and seventy-eight patients who underwent CTCA and 99Tcm-MIBI MPI in the same period were analyzed retrospectively.According to the severity of coronary stenosis judged by visual evaluation of the vessel diameter,the patients were divided into five groups:no stenosis,mild stenosis,moderate stenosis,severe stenosis and total occlusion.MPI results were classified as negative or positive for perfusion defects,and the prevalence of perfusion defects in every group was calculated per-patient and per-vessel basis.The cut-off of stenotic severity for predicting myocardial perfusion defects was designated as 50％ or 75％,with MPI as standard reference.True positive,true negative,false positive and false negative statistics were thus determined separately on patient and vessel basis.The diagnostic performance for CTCA were calculated and compared.Pearson Chi-square and its partition tests or Fisher exact test were used to compare ordinal variables.ResultsFifty-eight patients showed myocardial perfusion defects.Either by patientbased or vessel-based analysis,the prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects showed an increasing trend with greater coronary artery stenosis in each group,and there were statistical differences among them (x2 =116.62 and 483.83,both P ＜ 0.05).On patient-based analysis,sensitivity ( SN),specificity ( SP),positive predictive value( PPV),negative predictive value(NPV) and accuracy (AC) for CTCA predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 62.1 ％ ( 36/58 ) and 34.5％ ( 20/58 ) (x2 =8.84,P ＜ 0.05 ),84.5％(355/420) and 97.1％ (408/420) (x2 =40.16,P ＜0.05),35.6％ (30/101) and 62.5％ (20/32) (x2 =7.19,P＜0.05),94.2％ (355/377) and 91.5％ (408/446) (x2 =2.18,P ＞0.05),81.8％ (391/478)and 89.5 ％ (428/478) (x2 =11.66,P ＜ 0.05 ) when the cutoff was set to 50％ and 75％,respectively.On vessel-based analysis,the SN,SP,PPV,NPV and AC for CTCA predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 58.8％ (40/68) and 30.9％ (21/68) (x2 =10.73,P ＜ 0.05),95.9％ (1768/1844) and 99.0％ (1826/1844) (x2 =36.72,P ＜ 0.05 ),34.5％ (40/116) and 53.8％ (21/39) (x2 =4.59,P ＜0.05 ),98.4％ (1768/1796) and 97.5％ ( 1826/1873 ) (x2 =4.14,P ＜ 0.05 ),94.6％ ( 1808/1912 ) and 96.6％ ( 1847/1912 ) (x2 =10.31,P ＜ 0.05 ),respectively.ConclusionsThe prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects correlates positively with the severity of coronary stenosis seen on CTCA.CTCA may predict perfusion defects with high SP and NPV.However,the PPV of CTCA in predicting myocardial perfusion defects is poor when the stenosis cut-off is set at 50％.It is significantly improved when the cutoff value is set at 75 ％.

Objective To investigate the role of white matter astrocytes and their specific protein S100A4 in sensory neurite outgrowth in vitro.Methods White matter astrocyte cultures expressing S100A4 were prepared. Dissociated adult dorsal root ganglion(DRG)cells were placed on the top of the astrocytes and co-cultured for 6,12, 18,24 hours.Small interfering S100A4 RNA was used to eliminate S100A4 expression.The growth of DRG cell neu- rites on S100A4-sileneed and S100A4-expressing astrocytes was compared.Results 12,18 and 24 hours after the co-culture with S100A4-expressing or S100A4-silenced astroeytes,neurite growth from the DRG cells was observed. Neurite outgrowth was significantly greater in S100A4 siRNA treated cultures compared to control siRNA treated white matter astrocyte cultures.Conclusion These findings suggest that white matter astroeytes are able to support axonal regeneration and,furthermore,that administration of small interfering S100A4 RNA provides strong additional support for axon regeneration.

BACKGROUND: Traditional scaphotrapeziotrapezoid limited intercarpal arthrodesis contains Kirschner wire, U-shaped nail, AO/ASIF steel plate and so on. Long-term plaster external fixation was needed following surgery. USA-designed arthrodesis apparatus is mainly suitable for European and people from USA, but not fit for Asian.OBJECTIVE: To simulate scaphotrapeziotrapezoid limited intercarpal arthrodesis, and to test the stability of the novel arthrodesis apparatus developed by the group according to anatomic form of dorsal joint fovea of Chinese scaphotrapeziotrapezoid.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The observational study was performed at the Laboratory of Biomechanics of the Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong University from April 2006 to March 2007.MATERIALS: A total of 40 fresh forearm samples of corpses that were not subjected to antiseptic treatment were used for this study. Radiograph verified that these samples did not develop wrist joint affection or abnormal alinement.METHODS: The cadaver models were imitated limited intercarpal instability before scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis used circular plate. Then, simulated flexion 50°, extenion 35°, ulnar deviation 30°, radial deviation 10° ultimate activities (50000).CT scan and 3-D reconstruction should be taken before and after motion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The index of the radial-scapho angle (RSA), radial-scapho distance (RSD), scapho length(SL), trapezium-trapezoid inclination (TTI), trapezium-trapezoid width (TTW) were measured.RESULTS: Prior to motion RSA, RSD, SL, TTW and TTI were (38.725±2.230) °, (18.988±1.216) mm, (1.686±0.191) cm,(27.360±1.571) mm and (114.975±2.293) °. Following motion RSA, RSD, SL, TTW and TTI were (38.800±2.388) °,(19.215±1.443) mm, (1.683±0.209) cm, (27.718±1.910) mm, (115.300±3.023) °. No significant difference in above-described indexes was determined before and after motion (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: The novel STT limited intercarpal arthrodesis apparatus shows confidential stability. Thus, wrist joint can do exercises in an early stage at the range of 35 dorsal extension, 50 palmar flexion, 10 radial deviation and 30 ulnar deviation.