[ ABSTRACT] Chemokines and their receptors have been implicated mostly in tumor progression and metastasis. Atypical chemokine receptors ( ACKRs) comprise a group of 7-transmembrane domain proteins structurally similar to G pro-tein-coupled receptors.However, ACKRs do not induce classical signaling via the typical G protein-mediated pathways. ACKRs efficiently internalize the cognate chemokine ligands and act as scavengers instead.ACJRs are composed of at least 3 members of chemokine receptors: Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines ( DARC, also known as ACKR1 ) , D6 ( also known as ACKR2) and ChemoCentryx chemokine receptor (CCX-CKR, also known as ACKR4).These receptors bind to and/or internalize their chemoattractant ligands without activating signal transduction cascades leading to cell migration.In this review, we summarize the recent progress regarding the roles of ACKRs in the progression and metastasis of tumor.

Objective To observe the influence of environment stimulation on learning and memory ability and hippocampal pathology of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).Methods The models of HIBD SD rats were established by the method of Rice, and were divided randomly into three groups: enriched environment stimulation group (EE), impoverished environment stimulation group (IE), and standard environment stimulation group (SE). The sham-operation rats were served as control group. Different environment stimulation was administrated to the rats since day 1 after HIBD.On the day 28,Morris water maze was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability. HE staining and nissl stain were employed to observe the pathological change and the number of neurons in hippocampus of rats.Results The learning and memory ability of EE group was significantly higher than that of SE group (P0.05), and the ability of SE group was higher than that of IE group ( P0.05). The number of SE group was lower than that of Sham group (P

Objective To explore the clinical features,diagnosi s and prognosis of incontinentia pigmenti.Methods Analyzing and summarizing the clinical characteristic, diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal incontinentia pigmenti in 6 neonatal infants that were hospita- lized in our department during the period from January 1 998 to December 2003 were studied,and some relevant literature were reviewed. Results 1.Three of 6 infants were male which was unusual;2.Four infants had typical skin lesions at birth and 1 case at 6 days old.Four cases had typical 3 stages o f skin lesions including the erythematous and vesicular inflammatory stage,verr ucous lesions and hyperkeratosis stage,macular hyperpigmentation stage,but the re was overlap;3.Four infants were complicated by central nervous system involv ement (two cases presented mental retardation,2 infants were temporary damage). Two cases were complicated by ocular manifestations ( one case had optical nerve atrophy and blind in left eye,the other had severe bilateral retinal lesions); 4.On specific examination 5 infants were diagnosed by skin biopsy.Gene analysis was made in 1 case,but we didn′t find the mutations of NEMO. Conclusions Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare X-linked dominant multisystem disease.It may be misdiagnosed in the initial stages.Except typical clinical features,skin biops y and gene analysis are main evidence for diagnosis.Early detection and interven tion are important for prognosis. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):123-125

Objective To evaluate performance of PlateletMapping(R) and RapidTEGTM based on thrombelastography by blocking platelet function with Reopro.Methods PlateletMapping was carried out with whole blood from healthy volunteers mixed with Reopro in vitro in a serial of titration.TEG(R) ACT of heparinized blood was tested with Rapid TEG kits.Linearity, repeatability and validity were calculated for two methods.Results MA activated by Kaolin, AA and ADP decreased with the increase of the concentration of Reopro. Inhibition rates (%)for AA and ADP induced aggregation were repeatable in channels and systems.At the Reopro levels of (1-4) × 10-2 mg, inhibition rate increased statistically( AA:27.99% ± 2.8% vs 63.37% ± 0.0% ,t = 21.9, P ＜ 0.01;ADP: 35.9% ± 0.56% vs 91.42% ± 1.14%,t=58.9,P ＜ 0.01 ) after addition of Reopro.Dose-dependent effect relationship could be seen between TEG(R) ACT and heparin;In Rapid TEG assay, measurement repeatability of K, α angle, MA and TEG(R)ACT were all good ( CV ＜ 5% ) except for R.Conclusions PlateletMapping(R) is sensitive to the inhibition of platelet function with good precision with dose-dependent effect.Moreover, Rapid TEG provides analysis of the overall coagulation function besides monitoring heparin therapy.

Objective To study the characteristic of inhibition on platelet P2Y12 and short-term change after clopidogrel intake in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods Thirty-two patients with cardiovascular disease were enrolled. Samples at baseline, 10 h and 36 h after 300 mg loading dose and 75 mg/d maintenance dose of clopidogrel with 100 mg/d Aspirin intake were measured respectively. Platelet aggregation (PAgT) was measured on thromboelastograph(TEG) induced by ADP/AA. INH was detected and calculated activated by Kaolin, AA, ADP and Activator((R)) in the TEG reagent. CD62p and VASP phosphorylation (PRI), platelet activation markers were tested with FACSCalibur Flow Cytometry, and platelet secretion activity and suppression of P2Y12 receptor were detected respectively. The changes of indicators were compared before and after clopidogrel intake, and evaluate their function in platelet receptor activation. Results INHADP at baseline was (11.5 ±9.3)%, and increased to (42.5 ±29.1)% statistically (t =3.155, P<0.05) after taking the P2Y12 at 10 h, but decreased to (20.4±13.1)% at 36 h, non-statistical to baseline (t = 2.078, P > 0. 05) , INHAA increases from baseline level (56. 6 ± 36. 6) % to (83.0 ±27. 3)% at 10h(t=2.086,P>0.05) and (85. 4 ±20. 8)% at 36 h (t= 1. 888, P>0.05), no statistical defferences were found. Inhibition on platelet activativation induced by ADP function well till 36 h after 300 mg loading dose. PAgTADP decrease from (53. 7 ± 14. 1)% at baseline to (49. 2 ±22. 8)% at 10 h non-statistically (t=0.656, P>0.05), and (40.7±12.8)% at 36 h statistically (t=2.418, P<0.05), however PAgTAA decrease at both 10 h and 36 h statiscally, from (34. 3 ± 18. 1) % to (17.4 ± 13. 1) % , (t=3.134, P<0.05) and (14.6±5.1)%, (t=2.532, P<0.05), respectively. Data of PAgT was not corresponding to that from TEG for the difference in sample type partly. PRI in VASP assay was (78. 6 ± 22.3)% before loading dose, and decreased to (70.7 ±9.4)% at 10 h without significance (t = l. 194, P>0.05) and (59.6 ±28.0)% at 36 h (t=1.930,P<0.05) statistically, similarly to INHADP,indicating that within 36 h clopidogrel did not have strong inhibitory effect on the ADP receptor. On the contrary, CD62p changed from (7. 5 ± 1. 4) % at baseline to (4. 2 ± 1. 1) % statistically (10 h, t = 18. 027, P < 0. 05) and ( 4. 3 ± 0. 2 ) % non-statistically (36 h, t = 2. 908, P > 0. 05 ). Inhibition of secretion activity reflected by CD62p was significant. In contrast, it was more obvious inhibition in COX-1 passway, while the inhibition of P2Y12 receptor varied due to assay difference. Conclusions AA-induced platelet activation is significantly decreased in the inhibition of clopidogrel and aspirin, while ADP receptor is significantly inhibited until 36 h after the loading dose of clopidogrel. Platelet function in whole blood reflects total activity of platelet interaction with other components, in which no significant inhibition could be witnessed within 10 h.

4-Hydroxycoumarins ; urine ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Although the surgical techniques has already improved in heart transplantation, heart preservation is still the biggest obstacle to the surgery.At present, heart preservation effective time is only 4-6 hour.How to extent the time of heart preservation is a major research direction.Comparison of available preservations for heart transplantation based on its mechanism and the prospect of its Clinical application.

Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is an essential feature of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis. The interventions based on changes of syndrome types in randomized controlled trials are complicated, leading to the difficulty of blind method enforcement. This article described a double-blind method. It could be used in randomized controlled trials under the condition of different syndrome types and different medications. It numbered drugs in two stages, and in two phases to achieve double-blind. This method not only guaranteed investigators and subjects to be in blinded conditions, but also achieved using different medications for patients of different syndromes. It also caused no drug waste. It was scientific and feasible.
Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Single-Blind Method

Objective:To study the effect of total saponins on cerebral blood flow and vascular resistance in anesthetized dogs.Methods:Thirty hybrid dogs in either sex,with a body weight of(11?1.5)kg,were evenly randomized into 5 groups: negative control group(saline 5 ml/kg,ig),positive control(nimodipine 300?g/kg,iv),and 3 groups treated with total saponins (low-dose group[10 mg/kg,ig],middle-dose group[30 mg/kg,ig],and high-dose group[60 mg/kg,ig]).The dogs were anes- thetized with intravenous pentobarbital sodium(30 mg/kg).The right common carotid artery was exposed to measure the cere- bral blood flow,cerebral vascular resistance,blood pressure and heart rate using the MFV-3200 electromagnetic flow meter and MPA-3000 bioelectricity signal-amplifier.Results:Compared with negative control,cerebral blood flow was significantly in- creased in animals treated with asparagus root saponins(30 and 60 mg/kg,ig)during 5 and 120 min after drug administration (P

Objective To improve the recognition of intramedullary spinal abscess by a case of congenital dermal sinus with intramedullary spinal abscess and reduco the incidence of congenital dermal sinus with intramedullary spinal abscess.Methods Clinical,laboratory data and image of a confirmed case about one infant of congenital dermal sinus with multiple intramedullary spinal abscess were investigated,the related literature was reviewed.Results In this case,when the infant with congential dermal sinus had infection,he failed to gain antibiotic therapy, timely surgical treatment,his infection had diffused, and multiple intramedullary spinal abscess flared up.Conclusions Intramedullary spinal abscess is a rare disease.If treatment is delayed, the prognosis is poor and the mortality rate is high.MRI is the ideal investigation for diagnosis.Intramedullary spinal abscess can happen subsequent to congenital dermal sinus with infection, and cause neurological sequela. So an infant with congenital dermal sinus should be offered to avoid complication caused by infection.