Objective To investigate the risk status on tumble down of senior citizens in communities of Beijing for providing basis for effective prevention and intervention measures.Methods The senior citizen to tumble risk assessment meter (FRQ) was used to evaluate the risk status and its influencing factors among 221 senior citizens in a community in Beijing.Results The average score of the FRQ for senior citizens in this community was (28.12 ±7.47).43.44％ of the elderly people in community had the risk for tumble down (score ≥30).The risk status was different with different sex,whether has frequent urination and urgency of urination symptom,chronic diseases,use mobility aids,carry out the physical training,or has the tumble history (x2 =8.170,11.793,14.264,12.656,11.122,12.670,respectively;P ＜0.01).Single factor analysis showed that sex and whether the citizen carries out physical training were positively correlated with the risk status of the tumble down.Negative correlation was founded between whether the citizen used mobility aids,had chronic diseases,tumble history in the last year and the risk status ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions High-risk status was found in the senior citizens in this community.Preventative measures should be strengthened to female senior citizens,citizens who have frequent urination and urgency of urination symptom,use the mobility aids,carry out the physical training,has chronic diseases,and have tumble history to reduces the risk of tumble down and improves the quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic value of FICTION (Fluorescence Immunophenotyping and Interphase Cytogenetics as a Tool for the Investigation of Neoplasms) technique, combining immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), to detect genetic aberrations in multiple myeloma (MM).

METHODSBone marrow samples were collected from 18 MM and 2 plasma cell leukemia (PCL) patients. Probes targeting IgH and MMSET were prepared using a Nick Translation Kit from Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. The immunophenotyping was achieved via the CD138 tyramide signal amplification (TSA)-mediated immunofluorescence, followed by FISH with the prepared probes \[t(4;14), t(11;14), t(14;16)\] and the commercial deletion probes (13q and p53) to detect common genetic aberrations in MM.

RESULTSAll the 20 samples were assayed with the probes mentioned above, and revealed 4 cases with t(4;14), 6 with t(11;14), 1 with t(14;16), 3 with p53 deletion; and 8 with 13q deletion. The remaining 4 cases had none of the 5 aberrations.

CONCLUSIONFICTION technique facilitates the detection of genetic abnormalities of MM in situ; enhances both efficiency and sensitivity of positive detection, thus, could be used as the screening test of molecular diagnosis of MM to guide coming-up risk-adapted therapy and evaluate prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnosis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the morphological features and immunophenotype of unspecified peripheral T cell lymphoma with distinct lymphoid follicular growth pattern.

METHODSThree cases of peripheral T cell lymphoma with special pathohistological features were collected. Morphologic analysis and immunohistochemical staining for CD3, CD45RO, CD43, CD20, CD79a, cyclinD1, bcl-2, CD4, CD8 and S-100 were performed. PCR was used to study TCR gamma gene rearrangements.

RESULTSThe main symptoms of all the three patients with the primary sites of cervix and lower jaw. There were intermittent fever and skin rashes in the course of the disease. Morphological study showed lymphoid follicular reactive hyperplasia, mantle zone disappear, prominent infiltration of marginal zones by medium-sized tumor cells with clear cytoplasm and significant nuclear atypia. The immunophenotypic profile confirmed that they were T cell lymphomas. TCR gamma gene rearrangements were found in all the three patients.

CONCLUSIONIn some unspecified peripheral T cell lymphomas, the distinct follicular growth pattern and incomplete effacement of the lymph node architecture make it necessary to differentiate them from reactive hyperplasia, marginal zone B cell lymphoma, follicular B cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma.

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Cyclin D1 ; analysis ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; S100 Proteins ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the susceptibility of von Willebrand factor (VWF) type 2A mutant A1500E to proteolysis by metalloprotease ADAMTS13 and to provide the direct supports for the pathogenesis of VWF mutation A1500E responsible for von Willebrand disease (VWD) type 2A.

METHODSRecombinant wild-type VWF (WT-VWF) and A1500E mutant VWF transiently expressed on transfected HeLa cell lines. Expression media were collected and concentrated, then cleaved directly by recombinant ADAMTS13 (rADAMTS13). Compared with WT-VWF, the susceptibility of A1500E mutant VWF to proteolysis by ADAMTS13 was analyzed using SDS-agarose gel VWF multimers analysis.

RESULTSIn vitro the expression of VWF:Ag in the supernatants of WT-VWF and A1500E mutant VWF were 1.10 U/ml and 0.78 U/ml, respectively, while VWF:Ag in cells lysates of A1500E mutant VWF was 90.6% of that of WT-VWF. The SDS-agarose gel VWF multimers analysis showed that there were no differences between WT-VWF and A1500E mutant VWF. The A1500E mutant VWF could be efficiently cleaved by ADAMTS13 under static condition without denaturants such as urea and guanidine HCl. VWF multimeric analysis showed that high and intermediate molecular weight multimers dramatically decreased while low molecular weight multimers obviously increased. Conversely, WT-VWF could not be cleaved by ADAMTS13 under the same condition.

CONCLUSIONThe A1500E mutation resulted in VWF more susceptible to ADAMTS13-dependent proteolysis, which belonged to VWD type 2A group 2 mutation.

ADAM Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; ADAMTS13 Protein ; Genotype ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Mutation ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; von Willebrand Disease, Type 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; von Willebrand Factor ; genetics

Objective Toinvestigatetheorthodonticrecognition,treatmentdemandanditsinfluencingfactorsamong undergraduates.Methods Usingstratifiedrandomsamplingmethod,600undergraduateswereselectedaccordingtotheir departmentsandgradesandthenaquestionnairesurveywasconducted.Results Therateofstudentswhohavethe demand of orthodontic treatment was 33.6%.The score of the recognition of orthodontic treatment was 2.94 ±1.543 (total score is 6).The grade,dental self-confidence,being laughed at their teeth by others,the influence from their friends who had taken orthodontic treatment,avoiding showing their teeth when smiling,the score of recognition were influencing factors of the demand of orthodontic treatment by Chi square test (all P<0.05 )while the latter four factors were related factorsbylogisticregression(allP<0.05)withtheORof2.14,2.78,2.18and1.20respectively.Conclusion The recognition of orthodontic treatment among undergraduates is limited.Psychosocial factors and recognition play an important role in the demand of orthodontic treatment.

OBJECTIVETo establish xenotransplated mouse model by non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice with primary myeloma cells.

METHODSThe model of xenograft was established in NOD/SCID mice by tail vein injection of mononuclear cells from two end stage multiple myeloma patients, three mice were inoculated for each patient. Mice were monitored weekly for body weight. Two weeks later, the human CD45(+) cells from peripheral blood of mice were evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM). The experiment endpoint was body weight loss up to 20% or had pale, vertical hair and listlessness, then spleen and liver were studied by histologic analysis, the human CD45(+)CD38(+) cells from spleen, lymph node, peripheral blood and bone marrow were evaluated by FCM.

RESULTSBody weight of mice in group patient 1 and group patient 2 decreased seven and five weeks after inoculation respectively; the human CD45(+)CD38(+) cells appeared in the peripheral blood (26 ± 4) and (16 ± 4) days after inoculation in group patient 1 and group patient 2 respectively, and increased by time, reaching (16.2 ± 3.0)% and (31.3 ± 3.5)%, respectively at the endpoint; the spleen, liver and lymph node of both groups enlarged, the typical malignant plasma cells were observed in them. The human CD45(+)CD38(+) cells were detected in spleen, lymph node and bone marrow by FCM.

CONCLUSIONOur study successfully established a NOD/SCID mouse model xenotransplated with human primary myeloma cells.

Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, SCID ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; Neoplasm Transplantation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the xanthones from Tibetan medicine Halenia elliptica and their antioxidant activity.

METHODSColumn chromatography over normal phase silica gel, reversed phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and recrystallization techniques were used to isolate and purify constituents from Halenia elliptica. Infrared spectrometry, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry were used to identify the structure of compounds. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the content of malondialdehyde product in mice liver cell microsomal induced by ferrous-cysteine.

RESULTSEight xanthones (compound I-VIII) were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate extract of Halenia elliptica, among which 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone was a novel compound. Compound I, III at 10 microg/ml and 100 microg/ml could inhibit the production of malondialdehyde in mouse liver microsomes in vitro.

CONCLUSIONEight xanthones were isolated and they have certain antioxidant activity.

Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Xanthenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Xanthones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of diisopropylamine dichloroacetate in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD).

METHODSA randomized, double-blind, dose-paralleled control trial was carried out with NAFLD patients. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups treated with either a high dosage (120 mg/d) or a low dosage (60 mg/d) of diisopropylamine dichloroacetate for 8 weeks and the efficacy and safety of the drug were examined.

RESULTS127 cases were recruited for the trial, 63 in the high dosage group, and 64 in the low dosage group. No case dropped out in the trial but four cases were eliminated (4/127, 3.1%). The final number in this trial was 123, with 61 in the high dosage group and 62 in the low dosage group. After 8 weeks of treatment, the overall improvement of clinical symptoms in the high dosage and in the low dosage group was 87.8% and 79.6%, respectively. ALT normalization was found in 55.7% and 69.4% of the cases in the two groups, serum lipids were lowered in 67.2% and 67.7% and ultrasound grading of the liver alteration severity was lowered in 51.7% and 43.5% in the two groups. The differences found between the two groups were of no statistical significance. One case from each group was found having an adverse drug reaction of dryness of the mouth (1.6%). No severe adverse drug reactions were found.

CONCLUSIONDiisopropylamine dichloroacetate could be used as a safe and effective drug in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.

Adult ; Double-Blind Method ; Fatty Liver ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo analyze the promoter methylation levels of p15, CDH1, DAPK and HICI genes of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and explore the relationship between the level of methylation and clinical features.

METHODSDNA methylation levels of p15, CDH1, DAPK and HICI in peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM) samples from 52 MDS patients were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The correlation of the methylation level with clinical features and hematological findings was analyzed. 38 de novo AML patients and 46 normal individuals served as controls.

RESULTSThe methylation levels of p15, CDH1, DAPK and HICI were 16.23 ± 21.69, 6.59 ± 9.39, 0.14 ± 0.11 and 7.81 ± 9.70 in BM, and 14.96 ± 20.16, 6.00 ± 9.26, 0.12 ± 0.14 and 6.74 ± 9.72 in PB, respectively from 18 MDS patients, and the difference between BM and PB was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The methylation levels of p15 (14.70 ± 18.17) and CDH1 (6.61 ± 8.79) genes in high risk (RAEBI/II) MDS were significantly higher than in low risk (RCMD/RARS/5q-, p15: 1.99 ± 1.59, CDH1: 1.23 ± 1.14 and RCMD, p15: 3.02 ± 3.42, CDH1:1.53 ± 2.06) MDS or control (p15: 1.69 ± 1.82, CDH1: 1.01 ± 1.12) (P < 0.05). The methylation levels of DAPK gene had no difference among subtypes of MDS, and that of HIC1 gene only differed between RAEB I/II (9.16 ± 11.95) and control (2.49 ± 2.26) (P = 0.042). The difference of methylation levels of p15, CDH1, DAPK and HICI in BM was statistically significant among subtypes of MDS (P = 0.001, 0.003, 0.039, 0.023, respectively). And so did of p15 and DAPK in PB (P = 0.013, 0.006, respectively). The methylation level of p15 and CDH1 was significantly correlated with IPSS classification and blasts percentage in BM.

CONCLUSIONSp15 and CDH1 genes are special hypermethylation genes in MDS. Methylation level of HIC1 gene showed an upward tendency from low risk to high risk MDS.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Death-Associated Protein Kinases ; Female ; Humans ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify potential mutation in the MLC1 gene in a Chinese family affected with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy and subcortical cysts (MLC), and to provide prenatal diagnosis.

METHODSGenomic DNA of the patients, their parents and younger sister were extracted from peripheral blood. That of the fetus was extracted from an amniotic fluid sample. A total of 12 exons and at least 100 bp flanking the intronic sequence of the MLC1 gene were amplified with PCR. MLC1 mutations were screened by sequencing. Linkage analysis was performed for the family to assure accuracy of prenatal diagnosis.

RESULTSThe two patients were both heterozygote for c.177_178delG (p.Ser60AlafsX5) mutation in exon 2 and c.598-2A>C change in intron 7. The c.177_178delG mutation was inherited from the father, and the c.598-2A>C mutation was inherited from the mother. The younger sister and the fetus have both inherited c.177_178delG from the father but did not inherit c.598-2A>C from the mother. Prenatal diagnosis suggested the fetus to be a carrier for a MLC1 mutation. Linkage analysis was consistent with the result of mutation detection. The fetus was born normal as predicted.

CONCLUSIONThe c.598-2A>C is a novel splicing mutation. Prenatal diagnosis through DNA sequencing and linkage analysis were performed for the first time on Chinese patients with MLC.

Adolescent ; Base Sequence ; Brain ; pathology ; Cysts ; diagnosis ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Testing ; Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis